• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.735-750
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to draw an educational implication by analyzing the context of narrative texts, students' narrative thinking, and their academic achievement. We investigated text types in students' geological field trip reports, the reason why students favors narrative texts, the relationship between narrative texts and their scientific knowledge recall, and the relationship between narrative thought and academic achievement. All students used expository texts, 82% of them expressed argumentative texts, and 36% of them used narrative texts. It is likely that students use more narrative texts because students were in the context of outdoor activity and so, their emotional feelings were more activated than when they are doing lab activities. The academic characteristics of earth science seemed to contribute more narrative texts in students' reports. The post-test revealed that students with narrative texts recalled better than the others. On the other hand, there were no statistically meaningful differences in academic achievement between the two groups. However, we have noted that female students whose reports contain narrative texts achieved significantly higher scores than female students whose reports are without narrative texts. From in-depth interviews, we found that students who properly used both paradigmatic and narrative mode of thought were in a more advantageous position than those who used narrative thought only. It was also found that some narratively thinking students tended to feel uncomfortable with the way of learning or evaluating questions about science. In the future, a complementary approach of narrative and paradigmatic mode of thoughts would be encouraged by understanding students' tendency of thinking.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.625-635
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• 2019

Students are exposed to many visual representations in various visual cultures. Infographics combining visual representations and writing can effectively convey information. Also it can be efficient ways for teachers to focus on important contents. Students can use infographics as a method directly to organize information. Therefore, the infographics that students use both writings and images directly and visually will be more effective on elementary school science classes than the workbook. Classes are guided with the same scientific inquiry and experiment written on the science textbook. The experimental group students organized scientific inquiry by infographics, while the comparison group students still used the workbook. First, the types of infographics are determined by what students want to explain. Based on learning objectives, students used the right type of infographics to effectively convey their focus on information. Second, the infographics organizing activities used in the classes had a significant effect on students' academic achievement. Also, the infographics organizing classes are positively associated to science-related attitudes, including such+ as 'Leisure Interest in Science', 'Adoption of Scientific Attitudes', and 'Attitude to Scientific Inquiry'. Third, visual tendency and classroom treatments had no interactions, but the experimental group had a positive impact regardless of student's characteristics. Fourth, experimental group showed positive attitudes toward to students' perception of infographics. Since some of students had difficulties organizing information in infographics, further research is required to enable students to reduce their burden in application of infographics.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.431-448
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• 2015

Elementary school teacher selection test has to be implemented for knowledge(MKT) to estimate and to be a step in the expansionary direction. For this, It has to be analyzed closely in terms of teacher's MKT first that questions set from selection tests until now. In this research, some standards were established by type of question, grade, contents field and subject from 84 mathematics questions set at examinations. And it was analyzed concretely by general tendency and produced the results of analysis related to elementary teacher's MKT in elementary school teacher selection test since year 2000. The results showed that descriptive and short answer type was mostly set(71.4%) in type of question and integrated grade type was mostly set(41.7%) in type of grade in elementary school teacher selection test. And in type of contents field, rated from highest to lowest, number and operations(31.0%), measurement(23.8%), figure(15.5%) were set. Textbook/manual(34.5%), solution of problem(26.2%), learning psychology(13.1%) in status of subject were followed in order, but there's no relationship with estimation. This research was based on a standard of precedent study and made an analysis of elementary mathematics questions of selection test since year 2000. Therefore, it has a meaning because of produced results from analysis related to elementary teacher's MKT.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.6 no.11
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• pp.537-542
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• 2017

Aggressive driving is a major cause of car accidents. Previous studies have mainly analyzed young driver's aggressive driving tendency, yet they were only done through pure clustering or classification technique of machine learning. However, since elderly people have different driving habits due to their fragile physical conditions, it is necessary to develop a new method such as enhancing the characteristics of driving data to properly analyze aggressive driving of elderly drivers. In this study, acceleration data collected from a smartphone of a driving vehicle is analyzed by a newly proposed ECA(Enhanced Clustering method for Acceleration data) technique, coupled with a conventional clustering technique (K-means Clustering, Expectation-maximization algorithm). ECA selects high-intensity data among the data of the cluster group detected through K-means and EM in all of the subjects' data and models the characteristic data through the scaled value. Using this method, the aggressive driving data of all youth and elderly experiment participants were collected, unlike the pure clustering method. We further found that the K-means clustering has higher detection efficiency than EM method. Also, the results of K-means clustering demonstrate that a young driver has a driving strength 1.29 times higher than that of an elderly driver. In conclusion, the proposed method of our research is able to detect aggressive driving maneuvers from data of the elderly having low operating intensity. The proposed method is able to construct a customized safe driving system for the elderly driver. In the future, it will be possible to detect abnormal driving conditions and to use the collected data for early warning to drivers.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.19-38
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the responses and the behavioral characteristics between mathematically promising students and normal students in solving open-ended problems. For this study, 55 mathematically promising students were selected from the Science Education Institute for the Gifted at Seoul National University of Education as well as 100 normal students from three 6th grade classes of a regular elementary school. The students were given 50 minutes to complete a written test consisting of five open-ended problems. A post-test interview was also conducted and added to the results of the written test. The conclusions of this study were summarized as follows: First, analysis and grouping problems are the most suitable in an open-ended problem study to stimulate the creativity of mathematically promising students. Second, open-ended problems are helpful for mathematically promising students' generative learning. The mathematically promising students had a tendency to find a variety of creative methods when solving open-ended problems. Third, mathematically promising students need to improve their ability to make-up new conditions and change the conditions to solve the problems. Fourth, various topics and subjects can be integrated into the classes for mathematically promising students. Fifth, the quality of students' former education and its effect on their ability to solve open-ended problems must be taken into consideration. Finally, a creative thinking class can be introduce to the general class. A number of normal students had creativity score similar to those of the mathematically promising students, suggesting that the introduction of a more challenging mathematics curriculum similar to that of the mathematically promising students into the general curriculum may be needed and possible.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.885-905
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• 2010

This study questions that mathematical evaluations strive to memorize fragmentary knowledge and have an objective test. To solve these problems on mathematical education We did descriptive test. Through the descriptive test, students think and express their ideas freely using mathematical terms. We want to know if that procedure is correct or not, and, if they understand what was being presented. We studied this because We want to analyze where and what kinds of faults they committed, and be able to correct an error so as to establish a correct mathematical concept. The result from this study can be summarized as the following; First, the mistakes students make when solving the descriptive tests can be divided into six things: error of question understanding, error of concept principle, error of data using, error of solving procedure, error of recording procedure, and solving procedure omissions. Second, students had difficulty with the part of the descriptive test that used logical thinking defined by mathematical terms. Third, errors pattern varied as did students' ability level. For high level students, there were a lot of cases of the solving procedure being correct, but simple calculations were not correct. There were also some mistakes due to some students' lack of concept understanding. For middle level students, they couldn't understand questions well, and they analyzed questions arbitrarily. They also have a tendency to solve questions using a wrong strategy with data that only they can understand. Low level students generally had difficulty understanding questions. Even when they understood questions, they couldn't derive the answers because they have a shortage of related knowledge as well as low enthusiasm on the subject.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.5 s.207
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• pp.183-198
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to discuss the relationship between Korean people's normative sense of the traditional filial piety and their affiliation with relatives. For this purpose, the researcher reviewed ethics books during the Chosun dynasty such as Naehoon Women's Ethics), Dongmongsonsup (Children's Cardinal Moral Principles) ,Kyokmongyokyol (Juvenile's Learning) and Gyuenyoso (Instructions for Daughters of Marriageable Age), Based on this review a questionnaire was designed. For the survey,566 returned questionnaires from married people between their 20's and 70's living in Seoul and Wonju Si were sampled The collected data were analyzed using the SAS program for means and SDs of each area in order to examine the overall tendency, and were subject to one-way ANOVA to determine the relationship between their normative sense of the traditional filial piety and their affiliations with relatives depending on their demographic variables, In addition to this correlation analysis, the data underwent regression analysis to determine the significant factors affecting the subjects' sense of filial piety and their affiliation with relatives. The results of this study can be summarized as follows ; First, the subjects were found to have a normal or higher sense of filial piety in overall terms, which suggests that the Korean morality of filial piety may be positive. In particular, the subjects' sense of filial piety was higher for living parents than for dead ones. Namely, they wanted to give more respect, honor and support to their parents than give a cordial funeral or memorial service to deceased parents. Second, older Koreans were more aware of filial piety, and men were more conscious of filial piety than women. Buddhists or atheists tended to be more faithful to their parents. Generally, those with lower academic background and living with larger families had a higher normative sense of filial piety. On the other hand, those in their 60's and 70's were most affiliated with their relatives, while youth and middle-aged people were less affiliated with their relatives. Men were more affiliated with their relatives than women, and first sons or daughters were more affiliated with their relatives. Besides, those living with larger families were more affiliated with their relatives. Third, the subjects' normative sense of filial piety, particularly for deceased parents, was highly correlated with their affiliation with relatives, and such a normative sense of filial piety was most conspicuous in their funeral rites.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.329-347
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• 2016

This paper investigated the views of effective mathematics instruction on the part of school administrators, and then compared and contrasted such views with those of elementary school teachers based on the previous study. A total of 32 school administrators participated in this study and responded to three types of the questionnaire. The results of this study showed that school administrators regarded good mathematics teaching as using concrete materials and teaching students to think. School administrators put their first priority on curriculum and content among four main domains of good mathematics teaching, and did on constructing curriculum among seven sub-domains of good mathematics teaching. They agreed that good mathematics teaching includes teaching by reconstructing the curriculum according to students' various levels and teaching to emphasize the connection among mathematical concepts. However, they thought that good mathematics teaching might not include teaching for fluent calculation or teaching in well-equipped learning environment. The results of comparison of perspectives regarding good mathematics teaching between school administrators and teachers showed remarkably similar tendency. However, a noticeable difference was that school administrators agreed more than elementary school teachers with regard to the 20 elements related to effective mathematics instruction. This paper closes with implications based on the similarities and differences regarding effective mathematics instruction perceived by school administrators and teachers.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.95-104
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the current use and the demand for processed rice food products by full-time and working housewives in a metropolitan area. Out of 330 questionnaires distributed, 300 were analyzed(90.9% response rate). It was revealed that more than half of the respondents(54.0%) had used processed rice food products, regardless of their occupation. Most respondents stated that they used rice food products because of the variety of the products, digestibility and the taste. The development necessity for processed rice food products was analyzed, showing that rice cake(3.86), rice sauce(3.64), and rice cookie(3.89) had the highest score in each category. The average demand for education and promotion of rice food products was 3.89; among 7 items, menu recipe using rice flour was highly demanded(4.18) by the respondents. Approximately 43.0% of the respondents agreed that the internet is the most effective method for learning about rice flour cooking, and the respondents who have used processed rice food products(59.5%) were more likely to attend education programs compared to housewives who have not used processed rice food products (44.5%)(p<.05). Full-time housewife(59.4%) had a greater tendency to participate in the education program than working woman(44.4%)(p<.001). The findings suggested that various processed rice flour products with convenience to use and prolonged shelf-life will be needed.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.211-230
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• 2016

The study aimed to investigate the characteristics of algebraic thinking of the mathematically gifted students and search for how to teach algebraic thinking. Research subjects in this study included 93 students who applied for a science gifted education center affiliated with a university in 2015 and previously experienced gifted education. Students' responses on an algebraic item of a creative thinking test in mathematics, which was given as screening process for admission were collected as data. A framework of algebraic thinking factors were extracted from literature review and utilized for data analysis. It was found that students showed difficulty in quantitative reasoning between two quantities and tendency to find solutions regarding equations as problem solving tools. In this process, students tended to concentrate variables on unknown place holders and to had difficulty understanding various meanings of variables. Some of students generated errors about algebraic concepts. In conclusions, it is recommended that functional thinking including such as generalizing and reasoning the relation among changing quantities is extended, procedural as well as structural aspects of algebraic expressions are emphasized, various situations to learn variables are given, and activities constructing variables on their own are strengthened for improving gifted students' learning and teaching algebra.