• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 2004

Normally, silkworms, Bombyx mori, generate offspring by sexual activity. As we known, the hybrids of the first generation of the silkworm have higher cocoon production than pure lines. During the sericulture production, many processes are related with sex control. For example, sex sorting in the egg grainages, rearing of only male silkworm to save the mulberry leaf consumption and increase silk output and quality. Therefore it is very interested in understanding the sex control of the silkworm in theory and practice. Chinese sericultural scientists have been being engaged in the researches in the fields of artificifial parthogenesis, dispermic androgenesis, sex-limited varieties, sex linkage balanced lethal strain and high temperature sensitive male stocks for several decades and gained substantial achievement. Some of the achievements have been used in the commercial production. In this review, the authors introduced that the methods for control of the silkworm sex, and regulate the silkworm sex ratio according to different producing aim in the world and especially in China.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.156-166
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• 2011

A studio type urban lifestyle housing was recently introduced as a new urban multi-housing typology. It was particularly created to meet the increasing housing demand of one-person households due to the population change and the shortage of housing supply. However, some concerns have been raised, because the government's policy has been focused on expanding housing supply by easing certain legal regulations in construction. Poorly planned and managed urban lifestyle housings might degrade living conditions for one-person households and ultimately harm urban environments. As such, this research is conducted to investigate the design characteristics of the studio type urban lifestyle housing from selected construction precedents in Seoul. Critical evaluations are made for the facilities and uses in site plans, unit plans, and shared public spaces. As a result, problem areas are found in the lack of design varieties, privacy protection in units, control of natural environment conditions, and the absence of community spaces. Improvement strategies can be suggested by comparing with some overseas' housing precedents: Design variations can be extended through flexible structure, facility, and furniture systems. Privacy and natural environment can be controled through the integration of interior space configurations and exterior envelope systems. The housing policy needs to be reconsidered to improve a variety in design, residents' social interaction, security, and management. Thereby, the studio type urban lifestyle housing should be holistically approached in terms of design and policy to enrich urban living experiences by residents and communities.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2006

Replacement of actual stress distribution in a reinforced concrete (RC) flexural member with a simpler geometrical shape, which maintains magnitude and location of the resultant compressive force, is an acceptable conceptual trick. This concept was originally perfected for normal strength concrete. In recent years, high strength concrete (HSC) has been introduced and widely used in modern construction. The stress block parameters require updating to account for special features of HSC in the design of flexural members. In future, more varieties of concrete may be developed and a corresponding design procedure of RC flexural members will be required. The usual practice is to conduct large number of experiments on various sizes of specimen and then evolve an empirical relation. This paper presents a numerical procedure through which the stress block parameters can be numerically derived for a given strain ratio variation. The material model for concrete is presented and computational procedure is described. This procedure is illustrated with several variations of strain ratio. The advantages of numerical procedure are that it costs less and it can be used with new material models for any new variety of concrete.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.47-56
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• 2010

In a study of a peculiarity of the Korean residence construction as the central Jeong Yeo Chang's Residence, we proposed varieties service models for an anthropocentric U-Korean style with "a convenience, a security, an economical, a pleasure". It was to assume for this research that was established in case of all necessity IT infrastructures, and was structural alterations to a Korean residence sectional. It was used for Wall-Pad(Home Gateway) for controlling services, gas valves, remote inspection of a meter, curtains, doorlocks, boilers, temperature controllers, indoor ventilation systems, breakers, and expansion of crime prevention, energy. With introducing various service models on U-Korean style house, removing a negative view about Korean residence, we drew the best suited residence condition combining with a merit of the Korean residence and the Ubiquitous Intelligent Home Service. In order to realize U-Korean style house at the right time at the right place, a maintenance was required to be ensured based on social infrastructures and institutions and laws.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.9-18
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• 2015

This research was aimed at finding clues of improving residential quality of the Urbanistic Housing which was introduced for the small household of 1-2 residents. It was the communal amenities in multi-family housing complexes that this research concentrated on. Therefore 20 Urbanistic Housing complexes and 11 regular multi-family housing complexes were chosen as the subjects, and all of them were constructed in same period of date and composed of similar number of household units. Compared varieties and design programs of the communal amenities in Urbanistic Housing complexes to those in regular multi-family housing complexes, there were noticeable differences that far less various communal amenities and bland layouts in Urbanistic Housing complexes than in regular multi-family housing complexes. To become a quality residence, it is necessary that Urbanistic Housing are also required to provide certain level of communal amenities, not as much as regular housing for regular household but much more than Quasi-housing, the minimum residence. And it should be ensured by the legal system to make it more practical.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 1976

Around 2nd century B. C. two varieties of apple, i. e. 'Nay' and 'Imgum' were already grown in China. It can be suspected that 'Nay' came from the West because of its popular word 'Pyn Por' and 'Imgum' was originated from North East Asia because of its word 'Lii Kiem'. After this time 'Imgum' was called as its popular name 'Sha Guoo' in about 15 th century. In 17th century a new variety of 'Nay' was named as 'Pyng Guoo' and this name was replaced with 'Nay' when the variety was widely supplied. In 19th century a better variety of 'Nay' was developed in the West and it was introduced into China in 20th century which was called 'Western Pyng Guoo'. As a result there were two kinds of 'Pyng Guoo', i. e. 'Chinese Pyng Guoo' and 'Western Pyng Guoo'. However, the 'Western Pyng Guoo' was more supplied and it was said 'Pyng Guoo' which was written as 'Pyng Guoo(?果)' or 'Pyng Guoo (平果)'. At present time apples were classified into 'Sha Guoo' and 'Pyng Guoo'. The old 'Nay' is now called 'Bin Tzyy' which is hardly found. From this study it is suspected that the history of Chinese apples were affected much on our introduction history and its naming.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.232-248
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• 2009

Numerical methodology to solve ship springing problem, which is basically fluid-structure interaction problem, was explored in this study. Solution of this hydroelasticity problem was sought by coupling higher order B-spline Rankine panel method and finite element method in time domain, each of which is introduced for fluid and structure domain respectively. Even though varieties of different combinations in terms of numerical scheme are possible and have been tried by many researchers to solve the problem, no systematic study regarding the characteristics of each scheme has been done so far. Here, extensive case studies have been done on the numerical schemes especially focusing on the iteration method, FE analysis of beam-like structure, handling of forward speed problem and so on. Two different iteration scheme, Newton style one and fixed point iteration, were tried in this study and results were compared between the two. For the solution of the FE-based equation of motion, direct integration and modal superposition method were compared with each other from the viewpoint of its efficiency and accuracy. Finally, calculation of second derivative of basis potential, which is difficult to obtain with accuracy within grid-based method like BEM was discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.5
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• pp.513-523
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• 2009

Many species, cultivars, and hybrids in Populus have been introduced and developed by the scientists of Department of Forest Genetic Resources, Korea Forest Research Institute in Korea. P. alba ${\times}$ glandulosa, P. euramericana, P. nigra ${\times}$ maximowiczii, P. koreana ${\times}$ P. nigra var. italica, and P. davidiana have been studied from many aspects, i.e., genetics, breeding, physiology, propagation, silviculture, biomass production, biotechnology and phytoremediation. These precedent results will provide a sound basis for a newly-arising research on short-rotation coppice as one of renewable resources and phytoremediation plants. It was found that there were many promising varieties and clones for these purposes. However, minute analysis on specific gravity and caloric values for those plants should be followed under several silvicultural and rotational systems.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.379-387
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• 2010

Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is an important crop due to its high oil content in the seed. Recently, the demand for the improvement of crop for biodisel energy source is increased as oil prices in the world has increased dramatically. Until now, oilseed rape breeding was carried out by cross-hybridization between different varieties and related germplasms. However, like as many other crops, the application of tissue culture and gene transformation systems has been introduced into oilseed rape breeding program including the development of transgenic canola plants. In this study, we reviewed a history of tissue culture and genetic transformation research in oilseed rape plants and indicated some important aspects for the production of transgenic oilseed rape plants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.93-111
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• 2019

This paper provides a comprehensive description of previous studies of making and developing kimchi in terms of the origins of kimchi and the changes in the history of kimchi, along with newly discovered data, including the collection of works in Joseon Dynasty as well as old cookbooks discovered after the year 2000, and latest research in related disciplines, e.g., ancient history studies, archeology, and linguistics. Because new ruins and relics, such as the Liao-ho Civilization in the Northeast Asia continent, which was closely related to Dongyi tribes, have been discovered and studied, it is important to determine how to reflect the outcome of archeological studies on the origin of preserved vegetables. In addition, to describe the background and changes in the independent formation of making Korean kimchi chronologically, they were divided into the following: development from jjanji to singunji; formation of the basis for seokbakji dressed with fermented fish sauce; settlement of seokbakji culture for dressing seokbakji with fermented fish sauce and spices, including chili varieties when they were introduced; and establishment of the method for making whole cabbage kimchi, which is currently typical kimchi made by adding the seokbakji as the stuffing of the cabbage kimchi, to examine the time and specific details of the change.