• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.103-108
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• 1980

The contents of inorganic conservative constituents in Nagdong River water were determined at Mulgeum where the intake station for Busan city water is located. Samples were taken at intervals of one hour from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. at spring and neap tides of every month from January 1979 to April 1980. Annual ranges and means of the chemical constituents were as follows: electrical conductivity $99-912\mu\mho/cm,\;200\mu\mho/cm;$ chlorides 6.0-256 ppm, 17.2 ppm; sulfates 4.1-37.9 ppm, 23.5 ppm; calcium 4.2-28 ppm, 13 ppm; magnesium 2.2-23 ppm, 5.6 ppm; sodium 5,0-126 ppm, 14 ppm; and potassium 1.2-10.8 ppm, 2.6 ppm respectively. At several times in this period, the concentrations of chloride ion exceeded 150 ppm that is the criteria for drinking water. The chloride ion concentration was higher at spring tides than that at neap tides and the contents of inorganic conservative constituents were higher in winter than those in summer. The chloride ion concentration showed the highest value at Mulgeum about 4 hors after the high water in Busan harbour.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.276-286
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• 2013

The goal of this study was to investigate change of thermal decomposition feature of miscanthus (Miscanthus sacchariflorus) after removal of inorganic constituents using distilled water (D.I-w; 30, 60 and $90^{\circ}C$). The carbon content was increased whereas the oxygen content was decreased with the temperature of D.I-w treatment. Moreover, ash content was slightly decreased from 4.6% of control to 3.2% of $90^{\circ}C$ D.I-w treated sample. Results of total monomeric sugar contents and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that structural changes of cellulose/hemicellulose regions did not occurr during D.I-w treatment. Results of inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP-ES) showed that miscanthus has the largest amount of inorganic constituents such as potassium (5,644 ppm), phosphorus (3,995 ppm), magnesium (1,403 ppm) and calcium (711 ppm). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed that the yield of char slightly decreased whereas the yield of volatiles increased with increasing D.I-w treatment temperature. In addition, differential thermogravimetric analysis (DTGA) indicated that the maximum decomposition rate ($V_M$) and temperature ($T_M$) corresponding to VM were varied from $0.82%/^{\circ}C$, $360.60^{\circ}C$ of control to $1.17%/^{\circ}C$, $362.62^{\circ}C$ of $90^{\circ}C$-D.I-w treated sample.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 2015

Juvenile Paralichthys olivaceus (mean length $17.3{\pm}2.2cm$, mean weight $46.5{\pm}6.3g$) were exposed for 10 days to tributyltin (TBT) at various concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4 and $8{\mu}g/L$). Hematological parameters, such as red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (Ht), and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, were considerably decreased by high TBT concentrations. In plasma constituents, inorganic components such calcium and magnesium were also significantly altered. Plasma calcium was notably decreased, whereas plasma magnesium was increased. The enzyme components, glutamic oxalate transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT), were significantly decreased by TBT exposure. The present findings suggest that TBT exposure can cause significant alterations in hematological parameters and plasma constituents of flatfish Paralichthys olivaceus.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.370-380
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the properties of soils in the sampling green tea farms and the chemical constituents of the green tea leaves at the 3 harvest stages (Ujeon ${\rightarrow}$ Sejag ${\rightarrow}$ Jungjag). The results as follows; The properties of the soils were sandy loam, loam, well drained and fertile-rich in phosphoric acids in general. The contents of chlorophyll, tannin, vitamin-c and total catechin were increased as harvest periods getting late but the contents of total nitrogen, free amino acids, theanine, caffeine were decreased on the reverse. The inorganic constituents Mg, Ca and Mn were increased as harvest periods getting late but the Na, K, B contents were decreased on the reverse. The contents of the total nitrogen, chlorophyll, total free amino acid, theanine, caffeine and total catechin and Na, Mg, Ca, B and Se were insignificant differences between Ujeon and Sejag.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.143-152
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• 1998

The aerosol concentrations of ionic components were measured on a daily basis from a coastal monitoring site located at Kosan, Cheju Island from 26 September to 5 October 1997 as a field-intensive for a LRTAP project The chemical species we investigated include most of important inorganic species (i.e., Cl-, NO3-, F-, SO42-, Na+, NH4+, and K+) and some organic species (i.e. formats, acetate, and methanesulfonate (MSA) ions). The concentration data of those important inorganic and organic species obtained during this study were evaluated to properly address their chemical and physical characteristics. Most of major inorganic components including sulfate, sodium, chloride, and potassium ions exhibited very conservative relationships with each other such that the concentration ratios of any pair are quite analogous to that of seawater ratio. Since the oceans serve as the major sources of ionic constituents, their concentration changes appear to be senstively reflected by the factors affecting air-sea processes such as an increase in wind speed or changes in wind direction. A comparative analysis of sulfur-containing species such as seasalt (SS) and nonseasalt (NSS) sulfate and MSA were also made to assess the factors influencing the S cycling. An evaluation of NSS/SS ratios suggests that most of sulfate be associated with NSS fraction rather than 55 one. The finding of lower MSA/NSS-SO42- ratio along with a line of physical evidence such as intrusion of anthropogenically affected air mass suggests that the oxidation of S species have been promoted under the conditions encountered during the study period. Finally, the concentration data of carboxylic species (such as formats and acetate ions) were also analyzed. Although the existence of temporal trends were difficult to assess, these data indicate that their contribution to the precipitation acidity may not be significant enough.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.54-62
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• 1968

The effect of gamma-ray on yeast cells Sacch. cerevisiae, and the leakage of cellular constituents such as carbohydrates, ribose, amino acids, inorganic phosphates and organic phosphates have been studied. The samples of yeast cells washed throughly and starved intensively, radiation effects were compared with those of control (un-starved), the irradiation dose rates are in the range from 24 Kr. up. to 480, Kr. The loss of 260m$\mu$. absorbing material, are also observed. Mechanisms of membrane damage by gamma-irradiation are discussed corelating to permeability changes and loss of substances, then active and passive transport process are also under considerations in discussion. The experimental results are as follows, 1. Carbohydrates of yeast cell leak out by gamma-irradiation, and amounts of loss increase proportionally as the increasing of radiation dose, curve of carbohydrates loss in starved cells is parallel with those of non-starved cells. 2. Ribose leak out less than that of carbohydrate from irradiated cell, the dose response curve of loss is straight and proportional to the increasing of radiation doses, slope of the curve is much lower than of carbohydrates. 3. Amino acids also leak out and the curve of losses to radiation is not proportional, it is revealed that there are little losses from yeast at lower doses of irradiation. 4. The losses of inorganic phosphates increase unproportionally to the increasing of irradiation doses, there are little leakage at the lower doses of irradiation. The losses of organic phosphates increase proportionally to the increasing of irradiation doses, and the amount of losses are much more than that of inorganic phosphate at lower doses of irradiation. 5. Leakage from irradiated yeast cells was shown to be due to passive transport process not an energy requiring process of ion transport. 6. Loss of 260 m$\mu$. absorbing material is little more than that of control yeast by the gamma-irradiation dose of 120K.r. and 240K.r.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.115-115
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• 2011

Nano hybrid superlattices consisting of organic and inorganic components have great potential for creation of new types of functional material by utilizing the wide variety of properties which differ from their constituents. They provide the opportunity for developing new materials with new useful properties. Herein, we fabricated new type of organic-inorganic nano hybrid superlattice thin films by a sequential, self-limiting surface chemistry process known as molecular layer depostion (MLD) combined with atomic layer deposition (ALD). An organic layer was formed at $150^{\circ}C$ using MLD with repeated sequintial adsorption of Hydroquinone and Titanium tetrachloride. A $TiO_2$ inorganic nanolayer was deposited at the same temperature using ALD with alternating surface-saturating reactions of Titanium tetrachloride and water. Using UV-Vis spectroscopy, we confirmed visible light absorption by LMCT. And FTIR spectroscopy and XPS were employed to determine the chemical composition. Ellipsometry and TEM analysis were also used to confirm linear growth of the film versus number of MLD cycles at all same temperature. In addition, p-n junction diodes domonstrated in this study suggest that the film can be suitable for n-type semiconductors.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.89-91
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• 1978

Free amino acids and mineral substance in radix of Polygonum cuspidatum, Polygonum elliptica, and Polygonum sachalinense were analyzed by amino acid autoanalyzer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Gross contents of free amino acids in root of P. cuspidatum and P. elliptica are 12.99mg/g and 9.58mg/g respectively. The analysis of inorganic constituents of Polygonum sp. showed that it generally contains copper, iron, manganese, zinc, potassium and potassium salt.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.533-541
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• 1995

The leakage characteristics of electrical conductivity, inorganic constituents-K, Ca, Mg and Na, total sugar and total amino acid from the exudates of some vegetable seeds of viable and non-viable(artificially aged) were quantified to get basic information about the detection of the non-viable seeds. The crops studied were radish, cabbage, broccoli, onion and carrot. The time course electrolyte leakage was different from viable and non-viable seed of cruciferae but not sensitive in onion and carrot seed In inorganic constituents, potassium leakage was the greatest amount and difference between viable and non-viable seeds, but Ca, Mg and Na leakages were not as much differences as potassium. Total sugar as glucose and total amino acid as glycin leaked a lot more in aged radish, cabbage and broccoli seed than non-aged seed and the large differences were appeared after 4 hour imbibition. As a results, in general the leakages from the aged seeds were greater than from the non-aged seeds in most components tested but they were varied depending on species or varieties and components.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.206-209
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• 1985

White needle crystalline compound, mp.\;78{\sim}79$, was isolated from the petroleum ether fraction of the aerial parts of Chenopodium acuminatum. This compound was supposed to be cycloalkane by chemical properties, spectral data and elemental analysis. After extraction with petroleum ether, the methanolic extract of this plant found to contain aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, cystine, valine, isoleucine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. Inorganic elements contained in this plant are as following: Mg 4.84%, Ca 9.602%, Zn 1.11%, K 29.104%, Mn 5.124%, Fe 27.039%, Co 0.31%, Pb 0.995%, Na 0.039% and Cu, 0.0076%.