• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.307-317
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• 2016

According to most of energy sector experts, at least in the next two decades, fossil energy plays important role in fulfilling required energy in the world. Based on these conditions, the investigation of the conditions of major countries providing natural gas in the world can be useful in analysis of future development of this clean fuel. According to the latest estimations of British Petroleum Company, Iran with 18.2% natural gas reservoirs has the first natural gas reservoirs in the world. The main purpose of this paper is developing scenarios of gas industry in Iran. To achieve the mentioned goals, besides investigation of existing methods of scenario design and existing production scenarios, natural gas export and consumption in Iran and the world in 2035, the most important scenarios of gas industry in Iran are formulated by critical uncertainty analysis approach using quantitative advanced time based impact analysis in 2035 horizon.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.188-191
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• 2008

There have been many methods for producing natural gas from gas hydrate reservoirs in permafrost and sea floor sediments. It is well knownthat the depressurization should be a best option for Class 1 gas hydrate deposit, which is composed of tow layers: hydrate bearing layer and an underlying free gas. However many of gas hydrate reservoirs in sea floor sediments are classified as Class 2 that is composed of gas hydrate layer and mobile water, and Class 3 that is a single gas hydrate layer. The most appropriate production methods among the present methods such as thermal stimulation, inhibitor injection, and controlled oxidation are still under development with considering the gas hydrate reservoir characteristics. In East Sea of Korea, it is presumed that the thick fractured shale deposits could be Class 2 or 3, which is similar to the gas hydrate discovered offshore India. Therefore it is needed to evaluate the possible production methods for economic production of natural gas from gas hydrate reservoir. Here we would like to present the production of natural gas from gas hydrate deposit in East Sea with industrial flue gases from steel company, refineries, and other sources. The existing industrial complex in Gyeongbuk province is not far from gas hydrate reservoir of East Sea, thus the carbon dioxide in flue gas could be used to replace methane in gas hydrate. This approach is attractive due to the suggestion of natural gas productionby use of industrial flue gas, which contribute to the reduction of carbon dioxide emission in industrial complex. As a feasibility study, we did the NMR experiments to study the replacement reaction of carbon dioxide with methane in gas hydrate cages. The in-situ NMR measurement suggeststhat 42% of methane in hydrate cages have been replaced by carbon dioxide and nitrogen in preliminary test. Further studies are presented to evaluate the replacement ratio of methane hydrate at corresponding flue gas concentration.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.34-46
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• 2020

미래의 안정적인 천연가스 수급을 위해서는 사전에 정확한 수요행태를 파악하고 이를 바탕으로 공급 물량을 확보하는 것이 필요하다. 본 논문은 향후 국내 천연가스 수요 증가의 핵심인 산업용 도시가스의 수요함수 추정 방법론을 제안하여 보다 정확하게 국내 천연가스 수요 특성을 파악하고 안정적인 공급계획 수립에 도움이 되고자 하였다. 국내 304개 산업체의 횡단면 자료를 활용하여 산업용 도시가스 수요함수를 추정하였고, 도시가스 가격, 산업체 매출 이외에 자본투자, 제조원가 등 산업체의 운영 특수성이 수요에 미치는 영향을 도출하였다. 최종적으로 특이치에 강건하고, 오차항의 동분산 및 정규성을 가정하지 않는 최소절대편차추정법을 선택하여 결과 값을 도출하였다. 추가로 산업용 도시가스의 가격탄력성 값을 활용하여 산업용 도시가스의 경제적 가치를 추정하였다. 분석 결과, 산업체에 도시가스를 확대 공급하는 것이 국가 차원에서 이득이 되는 것으로 나타났으며, 따라서 정부는 산업용 도시가스 지원 정책을 통해 보급 확대를 추진할 필요가 있다.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.252-257
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• 2006

In this study, the impact of the efficiency change of various appliances using natural gas has been investigated. Heating devices, cooking devices, cooling units, cogeneration systems and vehicles are of major concern for the investigation. In addition, foreign examples of demand side management for the units using natural gas have been surveyed. The expectations for the efficiency enhancement of natural gas devices were analyzed.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.259-266
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• 2015

Among many energy resources, natural gas has recently received a remarkable amount of attention, particularly from the electrical generation industry. This is in part due to increasing shale gas production, providing an environment-friendly fossil fuel, and high risk of nuclear power. Because South Korea, the world's second largest LNG importing nation after Japan, has no international natural gas pipelines and relies on imports in the form of LNG, the natural gas has been traditionally procured by long term LNG contracts at relatively high price. Thus, there is a need of developing an Asian LNG trading hub, where LNG can be traded at more competitive spot prices. In a natural gas spot market, the amount of natural gas to be bought should be carefully determined considering a limited storage capacity and future pricing dynamics. In this work, the problem to find the optimal amount of natural gas in a spot market is formulated as a Markov decision process (MDP) in risk neutral environment and the optimal base stock policy which depends on a stage and price is established. Taking into account price and demand uncertainties, the basestock target levels are simply approximated from dynamic programming. The simulation results show that the basestock policy can be one of effective ways for procurement of LNG in a spot market.

• 산업공학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.207-214
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• 1998

Since the natural gas air-conditioning not only increases the base load of the gas company but also decreases the summer peak load of the electricity company, it is considerded as an efficient demand-side management program. This paper suggests the economic evaluation method of the gas air-conditioning program from the perspectives of the participants, the pipeline gas company, the local distribution company, the electricity company, and the total resources. The absorption type gas air-conditioning/space-heating is selected as a case study to illustrate the economic analysis of the natural gas air-conditioning.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.225-231
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• 2019

우리나라의 경우 지상에 설치된 고압 천연가스 배관과 건축물 간의 최소 이격거리는 가스기술기준(KGS code)에 의해 규제된다. 이 논문을 통해 이러한 최소 이격거리를 관련된 KGS 코드를 개정한 기술적 근거를 보여주고자 한다. 이격거리를 설정하는 접근 방법으로 합리적 사고 시나리오에 의한 피해기반 접근법을 적용하였는데 배관에 부착된 1인치 분기 라인이 파손되어 제트화재가 발생한 시나리오를 선정하였다. 여기서 공업지역에 종사하는 작업자에 대해 비공업지역에 있는 사람들보다 더 높은 허용가능 복사열 플럭스를 적용하였다. 그 이유는 공업지역에 종사하는 근로자는 일반 대중들 보다 더 짧은 시간 안에 비상 대피가 가능하기 때문이다. 이 사고 시나리오에 대한 피해영향 분석 결과로부터 지상에 설치된 고압 천연가스 배관과 건축물 간의 최소 이격거리로서 비공업지역에서는 30 m, 공업지역에서는 15 m로 KGS 코드 개정을 제안하였다. 코드 개정안은 KGS 코드 위원회(가스기술기준위원회)에 채택되어 현재 시행 중이다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2024

This study analyzed cases of hydrogen (H₂) and natural gas (CH₄) leakage from a hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline to determine a range of leakage characteristics, including leakage type, pipe material, pipe diameter, pressure, and damage size. Based on the results of this analysis, five hydrogen-blended natural gas leakage scenarios were selected. The national vision for a carbon-neutral society by 2050 is a very important strategic objective and promotes environmentally sustainable economic development in the age of the climate crisis. Accordingly, zero-carbon and low-carbon policies are being promoted in various fields, including energy production, consumption, and industrial processes. Hydrogen-blended natural gas is eco-friendly and is considered an important step towards carbon neutrality, with various countries including the United States and several European countries conducting empirical research to further investigate its potential. In Korea, a national research project commenced in April 2023 to verify and demonstrate the life cycle safety of blending hydrogen into the natural gas network. The results of this study will provide important data for the analysis of the damage impacts caused by the leakage of hydrogen-blended natural gas, such as the diffusion of gas clouds, fires, and gas explosions.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.581-587
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• 2011

Industrial natural ventilation systems consist of gravity ventilator, the high/low windows and doors. Especially, the high windows play an important role in the industrial natural ventilation systems. Generally speaking, industrial high windows are divided into 3 types; louver type, $45^{\circ}$ open type and $90^{\circ}$ open type. This study was numerically and experimentally conducted. Three types of windows were tested to know the ventilation characteristics and estimate the ventilation efficiencies. Numerically, computational fluid dynamics software (AIR PAK Ver. 2.0) was used to observe the flow characteristics inside the industrial building and the concentration contours generated by the tracer gas method. Experimentally, the flow visualization technique and the tracer gas method were applied with the model building to characterize the flow pattern inside the model building and to estimate the ventilation efficiencies with the different windows. It was found that $90^{\circ}$ open type window was most effective for the discharge of pollutants from the industrial building. On the other hand, the louver type window was found to be less effective than any other windows.

• 공업화학
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

천연가스는 가솔린에 비하여 에너지 밀도가 매우 낮아 천연가스 차량의 경우 약 24.8 MPa로 압축된 압축천연가스(CNG)를 이용하기 때문에 고압을 얻기 위하여 다단계 압축이 요구될 뿐 아니라 안정성에 문제가 많다. 이런 이유로 비교적 낮은 압력에서 저장할 수 있는 흡착천연가스에 관심을 갖게 되었다. 천연가스의 저장에 용이한 매질을 개발하여 3.5 MPa에서 CNG와 에너지 밀도가 유사하고, 같은 용적의 가솔린에 비하여 1/4 수준의 운전거리를 확보하는 것이 현재의 목표이다. 본 총설에서는 흡착천연가스(ANG) 저장을 위한 탄소매질의 개발현황, 매질의 특성 및 실용화를 위하여 진행되고 있는 내용을 간략하게 소개하고 몇 가지 필요한 제언을 한다.