• 대한화학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.93-97
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• 1964

금반 한국여자대학생 28명에 대하여 소비열량과 영양상황을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 본조사에 있어서 여자대학생(20-21세)의 평균신장은 157.1cm, 체중 51.75kg, 체표면적 1.5m$^2$, 기초 대사량 1303Cal, 안정시 대사량 1563Cal, 활동대사량 469Cal, 1인 1일 총평균 소비열량(요구열량) 2032Cal였다. 한편 그들의 섭취열량은 1880Cal 로서 152Cal가 소비열량보다 부족하게 섭취되어져 있었다. 2) 단백질, 철분, 비타민B1, C는 요규량에 족하였고, Calorie, 지방, 탄수화물, 칼슘, 비타민 A, B2 는 섭취량이 부족하였다. 3) 총 54종의 식품에 의하여 먹혀졌으며 주로 식물성식품(83.7%)에 의하여 영양이 공급되었고 동물성식품은 16.2%밖에 공급되지 않았었다. 또한 수산동식물성 식품은 불과 7.4% 밖에 영양을 주지 못한 식성구성을 이루고 있었다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.403-412
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to explore the general tendencies of maternal parenting stress, coping style, marital satisfaction and preschool children's withdrawal behavior as well as to investigate the effects of maternal parenting stress, coping style, and marital satisfaction on preschool children's withdrawal behavior. The participants involved 86 mothers of preschoolers and their teachers from one day care center and two kindergartens in Seoul and Gyeong-gi province. Maternal parenting stress, coping style and marital satisfaction were assessed by the mothers' self-reports, whereas the preschool children's withdrawal behavior was assessed by the teacher's report. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, t-test and multiple regressions. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS ver. 15.0. The major findings were summarized as follows: There were no differences between maternal parenting stress, coping style and marital satisfaction between mothers of boys and girls. Further, there were differences in preschool children's withdrawal behavior between boys and girls; girls showed more withdrawal behaviors than boys. Typical stress due to parenting, outsider's help coping style and marital satisfaction explained the withdrawal behavior of preschool children. As the level of typical stress increase in mothers, preschool children showed increased withdrawal behavior. Moreover, as mothers used fewer outsider's help coping style and had lower marital satisfaction, their preschool children's showed increased withdrawal behavior. In conclusion, maternal parenting stress, coping style and marital satisfaction significantly influence on preschool children's withdrawal behavior.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.395-401
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effects of language abilities associated with between emotionality, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and peer play interactions. Two hundred fifty-two participants were 3 year olds, with 136 boys and 116 girls. They were recruited from day care centers and preschools in Gyunggi province and Incheon city. Peer play interaction was assessed by the Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale (PIPPS). Emotionality was measured by Child Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ). ADHD was assessed by teacher ratings of ADHD syndrome. Language abilities were measured by Korean Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (K-WPPSI). Teachers completed questionnaires to assess peer play interactions, emotionality, ADHD. The results revealed that language abilities moderated relationships between emotionality and play in isolation. The magnitude of associations between emotionality and play in isolation was greater for high levels of language abilities. Moreover, there were moderating effects of language abilities associated between ADHD and play disruptions. Although ADHD was significantly associated with play disruptions, the association was stronger at the higher levels than the low levels of language abilities. It can be deduced that language abilities of 3 year old children affects the protection factor between emotionality and peer play isolation; whilst, it affects the risk factor on peer play disruptions and ADHD propensity.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.419-431
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• 2017

This study examined the effects of children's shyness and relationships with their teacher in regards to social withdrawal. Two questionnaires were conducted with mothers and teachers of 242 three to five-year-olds attending a childcare center in Sejong city. SPSS 18.0 was used to implement descriptive analyses and hierarchical regression analyses. The results indicated that main effects of lack of sociability and assertiveness as well as interaction effects between lack of assertiveness and intimate relationship on social withdraw were found when the childteacher relationship was intimate. The results suggested that intimate child-teacher relationships adjusted to lack of assertiveness in the child. Meanwhile, interaction effects between lack of sociability and lack of assertiveness and between self-consciousness and child-teacher conflictual relationship were found in child-teacher conflictual relationships. The results indicated that the influence on alleviating social withdrawal behavior of children with a high level of shyness was limited despite establishing a close relationship with a teacher. However, the social withdrawal behavior of children became more intense if they were in a conflict relationship with a teacher; this tendency was also shown more significantly in shier children. This suggests that children's unamicable relationship with a teacher may function as a risk factor to cause social withdrawal behavior. Therefore, it is important that a teacher has the capability to understand the individual characteristics of children, particularly shyness, and encourage their sociability of children through positive relationships.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.92-108
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to develop a free semester program using sustainable materials therefore improving the clothing & textiles section of the middle school textbook and the systematic and in-depth sustainable fashion education based on theme selection activity, as one of free semester system activities in the middle school. Our analysis on the programs, which was performed from 2018 to 2019, showed that the clothing & textiles programs were majorly focused making simple household items through basic needlework and knitting. The programs that related to the sustainable fashion education were environmental programs associated with other textbooks, or mainly included simple upcycling and were mainly operated as arts & physical education or club activities, rather than theme selection programs. According to results from a questionnaire survey on teachers incharge of the system, they had an intention of starting sustainable fashion education program or clothing & textiles section but failed due to low number of participants, practice cost, and time burden. Based on our analysis, this study proposed a 17-session based free semester program that includes the understanding of the sustainable fashions concept, classification of sustainable materials and systematic and stepwise practice in association with the middle school textbook clothing & textile section. The teaching materials developed in this study are expected to be incorporated in the program that helps students understand the right concept of sustainable fashions and respond to the pending environmental issue actively and systematically.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2022

Using a person-centered approach, the current study investigated latent profiles for the emotional and behavioral problems of students in sixth-grade in elementary school and second grade of middle school. The aim was to explore latent transition patterns and verify the factors affecting the transitions. The participants were 1,937 adolescents who responded to the 3^rd year (6^th grade of elementary school; Time 1), 4^th year (1^st grade of middle school), and 5^th year (2^nd grade of middle school; Time 2) of the Korean Children Youth Panel Study. Latent profile and latent transition analyses were performed. The results were as follows: first, the latent profile of emotional and behavioral problems changed from Time 1 to Time 2. The latent groups at Time 1 were classified into low, moderate, high, and externalizing-dominant, whereas at Time 2, five groups were identified: low, moderate, high, externalizing-dominant, and withdrawal-dominant. Second, transition analyses revealed that although 22.3-57.0% of latent groups remained unchanged, there were significant changes over time between groups, as a new group ('withdrawal-dominant') emerged in Time 2. Third, different factors influenced the latent profile transition of emotional and behavioral problems depending on the transition pattern. Higher levels of self-esteem, better relationships with peers and teachers, and lower levels of parental inconsistency meant emotional and behavioral problems had not worsened at Time 2. The results suggest that early interventions are needed during the transition from childhood to early adolescence.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2022

이 연구의 목적은 일선 초·중등학교에서 컴퓨터 사용이 필요한 일회성 특강 프로그램의 개발 및 적용 사례를 제시하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 연구자는 라즈베리 파이로 학생용 PC 기능을 수행하는 교구를 제작한 후 이 교구에서 활용할 수 있는 아두이노 기반 특강 프로그램을 개발하였다. 개발된 특강 프로그램은 K 대학 인근의 3개 초, 중학교에서 적용한 후 프로그램에 대한 평가를 수행하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 특강에서 활용할 PC 기능의 교구를 개발하였다. 둘째, 아두이노를 활용한 찾아가는 특강 교육 프로그램의 교수학습자료를 개발하였다. 셋째, 특강에서 소수 인원을 개별지도 하는 교수학습 방법을 활용하였다. 넷째, 특강 프로그램의 적용 결과 높은 만족도를 확인할 수 있었다. 이 연구의 결과는 컴퓨터 사용이 필요한 일회성 특강 프로그램을 기획하거나 피지컬 컴퓨팅 관련 기기를 학교 현장에서 적용하고자 하는 교수자들이 참고할 수 있는 유익한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2014

본 연구는 고등학생들의 카페인에 대한 올바른 인식 및 카페인 함유식품의 섭취 및 선택을 위한 교육 프로그램에 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 경북 지역의 고등학생을 대상으로 하여 카페인 함유식품에 대한 인식도, 지식수준, 섭취행동을 살펴보고 카페인 섭취량에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 자료는 2013년 12월 27일부터 2014년 2월 14일까지 경북 지역의 고등학생을 대상으로 하여 설문조사를 통해 수집되었다. 총 300부를 배포하여 부실기재한 것을 제외한 총 255부를 최종 분석 자료로 사용하였다. 본 연구의 자료는 SPSS Window V.21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도 분석, t 분석, 일원배치 분산분석, Pearson의 상관분석 및 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 나타난 결과를 요약하면, 조사대상자의 카페인 함유식품에 대한 평균값은 5점 만점에 2.76점으로 대체로 낮았는데 여학생보다 남학생이, 1학년에 비해 2, 3학년이, 그리고 건강에 대한 관심수준이 상에 비해 하인 경우 카페인이 함유된 식품에 대한 관심이 낮았다. 또한 카페인 함유식품의 섭취가 건강에 대체로 해롭다고 생각하고 있었으며, 카페인 섭취가 본인의 원기 회복이나 집중력 향상에 크게 도움을 주지 않는 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 카페인에 대한 지식정답률은 54.3%로 나타났으며, 소수의 응답자만이 카페인 섭취를 줄이라는 권유를 학교선생님이나 부모로부터 들어본 적이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 조사대상자들의 평균 카페인 섭취량은 71.67mg/day이었으며, 남학생의 섭취량은 78.98mg/day, 여학생의 섭취량은 61.23mg/day이었고, 조사대상자의 12.5%가 최대 일일섭취권고량을 초과하여 카페인을 섭취한 것으로 나타났다. 회귀분석을 통해 조사대상자의 카페인 섭취량에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴본 결과 학년, BMI, 건강에 대한 관심도, 카페인 섭취가 본인의 원기 회복, 집중력 향상 등에 도움을 주는 정도에 대한 인식도, 카페인 섭취를 줄이라는 권유를 학교선생님으로부터 들어본 경험이 유의한 요인으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 해서 볼 때 고등학생들이 카페인에 대한 정확한 지식을 습득할 수 있도록 정보 제공이나 교육이 필요한 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.25-42
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• 1976

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 식습관(食習慣)에 있어서의 부모자(父母子)의 일치도(一致度)와 또한 이 사람들의 각종(各種) 식습관(食習慣)의 경향(傾向)을 조사(調査)하여 영양교육자료(營養敎育資料)를 얻는데 그 목적(目的)이 있다. 조사대상(調査對象)은 서울시내(市內)에 거주하는 국민학교(國民學校)부터 고등학교(高等學校)까지의 남녀학생(男女學生) 1,000명(名)과 동일대상학생(同一對象學生)의 부(父)와 모(母) 2,000명(名)을 대상(對象)으로 하고, 조사방법(調査方法)은 질문지법(質問紙法)(questio nnaire)을 사용(使用)하였다. 자료(資料)는 $Chi-Square(x^2)$에 의한 상관계수(相關係數)와 백분율(百分率)로 통계처리(統計處理)하였다. 조사결과(調査結果) 얻은 결론(結論)은 다음과 같다. 1. 식습관(食習慣)에 있어서의 부모자(父母子)의 일치도(一致度) 자녀(子女)의 성별(性別), 출생순위별(出生順位別) 모두 부(父)보다 모(母)의 영향(影響)이 더 컸다. 특(特)히 성별(性別)로 볼 때 여자(女子)와 츨생순위(出生順位)로 볼 때 중간자녀(中間子女)가 모(母)와의 상관(相關)정도가 높았다. 2. 각종(各種) 식습관(食習慣)에 대(對)한 경향조사(傾向調査) 1) 기호면(嗜好面) : 성별(性別), 연령별에 상관(相關)없이 일반적(一般的)으로 다 좋아하는 식품(食品)은 쇠고기, 우유, 만두, 도마도, 오이, 상추, 시금치였고 싫어하는 식품(食品)은 돼지비계, 쇠간, 진밥 돼지고기였다. 2) 영양(營養) 및 식사행동면(食事行動面) : 주부(主婦)의 교육수준(敎育水準), 경제수준(經濟水準)이 높을수록 영양지식(營養知識), 가족(家族)의 영양(營養)에 대(對)한 관심도(關心度), 새로운 조리법(調理法)에 대(對)한 진취성(進取性)이 높았고 Food Attitudes, 음식과 보상(補償)관계는 주부(主婦)의 교육수준(敎育水準), 경제수준(經濟水準)과 무관(無關)하였다. 3) 식습관변화면(食習慣變化面) : 조사대상중(調査對象中) 식습관(食習慣)이 변(變)한 사람은 70%이상(以上)에 달(達)하였으며 변화(變化)의 원인(原因)과 시기(時期)는 결혼(結婚)이후 배우자(配偶者)의 영향(影響)이 가장 컸다. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)를 통(通)하여 각(各) 가정(家庭)에 있어서 주부(主婦)의 자녀(子女)들에 대(對)한 올바른 영향지도(營養指導)가 얼마나 중요(重要)한가를 알 수 있었다. 또한 주부(主婦)의 교육수준(敎育水準)이 높다고 하여 자녀(子女)들에 대한 영양교육면(營養敎育面)이 모두 바람직하다고는 볼 수 없었으므로 교육(敎育)받은 여성(女性)들의 책임(責任)과 자각(自覺)이 시급히 요청(要請)됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.71-85
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• 1984

The purpose of this study was to get a data which can provide a basis for future direction in nutritional education and to build up right eating habit and to find the way how to improve food life and the nutritional supply by evaluating the current nutritional intake of average middle school girls through the survey study of their daily food intakes and physical status. The survey of nutritional intakes and physical status in two girls middle schools, namely Jang'hung girls middle school at Jang'hung Up and Bo'song girls middle school at Bo'song Up, were carried by teachers majoring in Home Economics and nurse-teachers from 5 July to 7 July 1983. From a total of 1080 subjects of two girls middle schools, 887 subjects were surveyed. The results obtained from survey are summarized as follow: 1) Physical Status Average height, weight and chest girth of subjects in both middle schools were much lower than the Korean average standard (p<0.005${\sim}$p<0.001) and t-score of differences between two middle school girls were not significant. Rohrer index, nutrition rate and physique rate were also lower than Korean averag standard through all the ages in both girls middle schools. Menarche appeared mainly between the age of 13 to 15 (91.55 %), with a mean age of 14 (35. 01 %) and which was experienced by the subjects of 51.52 percentage among total surveyed Iniddlf school girls. 2) Nutritional Intakes The average daily intakes of all nutrient except iron, vitamin A, thiamin, ascorbic acid and niacin was lower than Korean Recommanded Dietary Allowances (RDA) . Especially average intake of calorie and calcium were much lower than Korean RDA(p<0.001) while average intake of thiamine and ascorbic acid were much higher than Korean RDA (p<0.001). T-score of differences of iron, thiamin, riboflavin between two middle school girls were very significant (p<0.001). Generally iron and riboflavin were the highest rate of intakes through three meals and breakfast took charge of considerable amount of all nutrient intake without omitting anything (about 30 % of daily nutrient intake). The nutrients of which ratio of nutrient intake by snack was more than 16.7 % were vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, ascorbic acid etc. and snack foods which were intake frequently in both middle school girls commonly were fruits, milk and milk products, bread and biscuits in sequence. 3) Correlations and t-score between physical status, menarche and nutrient intakes. Average intake of calorie at Jang'hung area was positively correlated with height, weight, nutrition rate and physique rate and this correlation was very significant (p<0.005). Average intake of calorie was also correlated with chest girth and Rohrer index (P<0.05). At Bo'song area, averse intake of riboflavin was negatively correlated with all the items of physical status (p<0.05-p<0.005), vitamin A was negatively correlated with chest girth and Rohrer index (p<0.05 respectively) and thiamin was also negatively correlated with chest girth, Rohrer index and nutrition rate (p<0.05 respectively). Especially niacin showed a negative cor-relation with all the items of physical status very significantly (p<0.005).The time of menarche showed a positive correlation with iron in both middle school girls commonly P<0.05 at Jang'hung, p<0.10 at Bo'song).