• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.131-141
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to serve as a basis for the planning of oral health education and the development of an oral health-promotion program for patients who visited dental clinics by examining how much dental hygienists offered oral health education to adult patients at dental clinics. A parent group was selected, being made up of 1,600 dental hygienists who registered with the Dental Hygienist Association and worked in Seoul. The questionnaire survey was carried out and an ${\chi}^2-test$ was made using the data collected from 218 subjects to determine how their practice of oral health education was different according to certain general characteristics(the sort of organization for which they worked, age, the term of their service, and the mean number of patients per day). As a result, the following findings were obtained: 1. Thees general characteristics made the following differences to the content of oral health, education: The sort of organization for which the subjects worked made a significant difference in the following tooth brushing instruction (p<0.05), the effect of oral prophylaxis or education about aftereffects (p<0.05), the regular examination of prosthesis (p<0.05), smoking-prohibition education (p<0.05), and the prevention poor-quality fillings (p<0.01). The mean number of patients per day made significant differences to the regular examination of prosthesis (p<0.05) and the prevention poor-quality fillings (p<0.01). But no significant disparity was generated by age or the term of service. 2. The general characteristics made the following differences to education about nutrition and diet counseling: The sort of organization for which the subjects worked had a significant effect just on the importance of a balanced menu (p<0.05). Age made significant differences in advice for vitamin, mineral, protein or other nutrients (p<0.01), and the importance of balanced menu (p<0.001). The term of service made significant differences in the importance of balanced menu (p<0.01), and advice for nutrients including vitamin, mineral or protein (p<0.01). 3. The general characteristics made the following differences to the recommendation and use of oral hygiene aids: The sort of oragnization for which they worked made significant differences only to a gingival massager and water pick (p<0.05). No significant difference was produced by age, the term of service or the mean number of patients per day. 4. The use of educational media for oral health was different according to the general characteristics: The use of pamphlets or booklets significantly varied depending on the organization for which they worked and with the mean number of patients per day (p<0.05). The use of slides or slide projectors was significantly affected by age (p<0.05). But no significant disparity was yielded by the term of service. 5. The general characteristics made the following difference as to whether a continued oral management system was carried out or not: The sort of organization for which they worked had very a significant effect on this result (p<0.001), and no significant disparity was made by age, the term of service or the mean number of patients per day. 6. The place where oral health education was giver differed according to the following general characteristics: The sort of organization for which they worked made very a significant difference as to the use of an examination room's dental unit chair or waiting room (p<0.01), and to the use of an oral health education room or reception counter (p<0.001). The term of service had a significant effect on the use of a counseling room (p<0.01). And the mean number of patients per day made significant differences in the use of a dental unit chair or reception counter (p<0.05), and to the use of an oral health education room or waiting room (p<0.01).

• 정신신체의학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2005

연구목적 : 종합병원 정신과 자문 실태와 변화양상(1997년과 2002년)을 조사하여 정신과 자문의 추이와 문제점에 대해 파악하고 대책과 발전 방향을 수립하고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방법: 1997년과 2002년에 입원하여 정신과로 자문 의뢰된 환자 347명, 317명에 대해서 자문결과지와 병록기록지를 참고하여 정신과 자문 현황을 조사, 비교, 분석하였다. 결과: 1) 자문 환자의 평균 연령이 45.9세(1997)에서 53.2세(2002)로 증가하였다. 40세 이하 집단이 감소한 반면 60세 이상의 환자군이 증가하였고, 특히 60세 이상 여성이 전체 여성환자 중 22.6%에서 48.5%로 두드러지게 증가하였다. 2) 전체 자문 의뢰율은 1997년 2.2%, 2002년 2.29%였다. 자문의뢰 건수는 내과가 각각 57.1%, 44.2%로 가장 많았고, 각 과별 자문율은 재활의학과가 두 해 모두 가장 높았다. 3) 정신과적 진단은 1997년에는 물질관련 장애가 17.3%로 가장 많았으나, 2002년에는 기분장애가 21.1%로 가장 많았다. 4) 자문의의 권고 사항은 약물사용 및 용량 조정에 관한 권유가 1997년 및 2002년 각 59.7%와 68.0%로 가장 높은 빈도를 보였다. 자문의가 제안한 약물의 종류는 1997년과 2002년 모두 항불안제가 가장 많았다. 2002년에는 Serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors와 비전형적 항정신병 약물의 처방은 유의하게 증가되었고, 전형적 항정신병 약물의 사용은 유의하게 감소하였다. 결론: 1997년에 비해 2002년도의 자문현황은 자문환자의 연령이 증가하였고, 진단별로는 기분장애와 인지장애의 비율이 상대적으로 증가하였다. 약물권유는 잘 받아들여졌으나, 진단적 검사에 대한 관심은 떨어지는 편이었다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2017

나트륨 저감화를 위한 식생활 기초자료를 확보하고자 서울지역 백화점, 대형마트, 재래시장 등에서 포장되어 판매되는 반찬류를 대상으로 나트륨 및 칼륨 함량을 조사하였다. 반찬류 22종류 92건의 100 g당 평균 나트륨 함량 및 칼륨 함량은 각각 $893.5{\pm}449.7mg/100g$, $307.4{\pm}213.5mg/100g$으로 나타났다. 조림류의 나트륨 함량이 $1,003.6{\pm}322.2mg/100g$으로 가장 높았으며, 조리방법에 따른 평균 나트륨 함량은 조림류, 무침류, 나물류로 조사되어 나물류가 나트륨을 적게 섭취할 수 있는 반찬유형으로 적합할 것으로 사료된다. 조림류와 무침류의 나트륨함량은 나물류와 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 주요 반찬류의 1회 제공량당 나트륨 함량은 174.9~404.5 mg으로, 세계보건기구의 1일 최대 권고량(2,000 mg)대비 섭취비율이 8.7~20.2% 수준으로 나타났다. 멸치조림, 콩나물, 파래무침의 1회 분량 당 나트륨 섭취비율은 각각 WHO 권고량의 14.2%, 15.5%, 20.2%로 나타나, 3가지 반찬을 동시에 섭취한다고 가정하면 1일 최대 권고량의 약 50%(1,000 mg)를 섭취하게 된다. 그러므로 식단을 작성할 때 나트륨 함량 등을 고려하여 반찬을 선택하고, 즉석반찬의 표준 저염조리법 개발 및 포장반찬의 나트륨 함량 표시도 적극적으로 시행하여 소비자에게 선택권을 제공하여야 할 것으로 생각된다. 칼륨/나트륨 비는 나물 0.51, 무침 0.40, 조림 0.37로 반찬유형별로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 시금치나물 및 콩조림에서 각각 1.70, 0.81로 나타났으며, 고사리는 0.09로 나타났다. 칼륨/나트륨비가 1 이상이면 고 나트륨 섭취에 의한 고혈압 예방 및 개선효과가 있다고 보고되어 식단표 작성에 참고하면 유용할 것이다. 서울시내 일부 백화점, 대형마트, 재래시장 내 반찬가게에서 구입한 나물류 20건, 무침류 34건, 조림류 38건 총 92건 반찬시료에서 식중독균은 모두 검출되지 않았다.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.179-187
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• 2008

캐나다 AECL이 사용후핵연료 관리 방법으로 심지층 처분 방식을 제시하였으나, Seaborn Panel은 이 방안에는 사회적 수용성이 결여되어 있음을 지적하였다. 이에 따라 캐나다는 사용후 핵연료 관리에 위해 보다 폭넓은 사람들의 참여를 유도할 수 있는 공론화 프로그램이 필요하다는 것을 인식하고 먼저 핵연료폐기물법 (Nuclear Fuel Waste Act, NFWA) 을 제정하였다. NFWA에 따라 Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO) 가 설립되었다. 전문가들이 마련한 세 가지 관리 방법 가운데서 사회적으로 수용 가능하고 기술적으로 안전하며, 환경적으로 책임질 수 있고 경제적으로 실행 가능한 사용후핵연료 장기적 관리방안을 마련하는 것을 NWMO의 임무로 지정하였다. 그러나 이 세가지 관리 방안 중 어느 것도 적합하지 않다고 판단할 때는 제 4의 대안을 고려하는 예외 조항을 두었다. 결과적으로 NWMO는 위의 3가지 방안의 장점 및 특징을 바탕으로 하여 제 4의 대안인 Adaptive Phased Management (APM; 융통성 있는 단계적 관리) 방식을 제안하였다. 이 대안은 실행 단계에서라도 어떤 기술적 발전이나 변화가 생겼을 때 이를 받아들이도록 고안되었다. 캐나다의 사용후핵연료 공론화 과정은 연구 개발 프로그램이 사회적 수용성과 얼마나 깊게 연관되어 있는지를 잘 보여준다. 다시 말해, 비록 자세한 기술적인 연구 개발은 전문 과학자에 의해 수행되어야 하지만, 연구 개발의 객관적인 타당성 확보를 위해서는 대중을 의사 결정 과정에 참여시키고 대중의 의견을 수렴하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 또한 공정성, 공공의 건강과 안전, 안보, 적용성 등과 같은 원칙들을 확보하기 위하여 NWMO는 이와 같은 추상적인 개념들을 대중이 이해하도록 노력하였다. 가능한 많은 대중을 프로그램에 참여시키기 위하여 공론화 회의뿐 아니라 e-dialogue 등과 같이 다양한 의사소통 방법을 사용하였다. 현재 사용후핵연료 관리 방안을 둘러싸고 많은 어려움을 겪고 있는 우리나라의 입장에서 생각할 때, 캐나다 공론화 과정은 우리나라가 앞으로 적절한 사용후핵연료 관리 방안을 찾는 데 많은 교훈과 시사점을 제공할 수 있다. 결과적으로, 숙의적 참여방법의 하나인 공론화 방안이 우리나라에서도 사용후핵연료 문제를 해결하는 하나의 대안이 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.95-108
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• 2011

인터넷 비즈니스의 활성화에 따라서 기업은 고객의 인물정보 및 거래정보를 활용하여 보다 맞춤화된 개인화 서비스를 제공하고 있다. 기존의 고객군별 예측기법은 유사한 고객들을 군집화하여 고객군별로 예측모델을 수립하는 것으로, 구매가 많고 충성도가 높은 핵심고객에게 요구되는 일대일 서비스를 제공하는 데는 한계가 있다. 반면 일대일 고객별 예측기법은 각 고객에게 고도로 맞춤화된 서비스를 제공하지만, 과거 구매이력이 많지 않은 고객 이나 신규 고객에게는 정확한 개인화 서비스를 제공하지 못한다. 본 연구는 고객의 구매빈도에 따라서 유사 고객들과의 군집화 수준을 동적으로 조정하는 새로운 지능형 개인화 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 과거 구매가 많은 고객들에 대해서는 일대일 예측모델을 수립하지만, 구매 빈도가 낮은 고객의 경우 다른 고객들과의 최적화된 군집화를 통해 예측모델을 수립한다. 본 기법을 Neilsen의 음료수 구매 데이터셋에 적용하여 고객의 일회 구매금액 및 구매품목을 예측한 결과, 기존 두 예측기법들에 비하여 적정한 계산비용(computational cost)으로 더욱 정확한 개안화 서비스를 제공할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2008

목적: 한국인의 비뇨기암 중 1990년 말부터 발병률이 빠르게 증가되고 있는 전립선암의 치료에 있어 전국 각 병원의 방사선종양학과에서 시행되고 있는 방사선치료의 현황을 조사, 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 전립선암의 Patterns of care study(PCS) 개발의 기본 자료로 이용하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 전국 13개 대학병원의 방사선종양학과 전문의들의 설문조사를 통하여 각 의사들의 전립선암에 대한 치료 현황과 치료원칙을 수집, 분석하였다. 결과: 진단은 초음파유도 조직생검을 적게는 6개에서 12개 부위, 평균 9개 부위에서 얻고 있으며 진단당시의 영상학적 검사는 대부분에서 자기공명영상과 전신골스캔을 사용하고 있다. 방사선치료를 시행할 때 내부고정물과 외부고정물은 각각 61.5%, 76.9%에서 사용하며 방사선치료의 임상표적부위는 병원마다 다양하게 시행하고 있었다. 전골반 방사선치료는 76.9%에서 $45{\sim}50.4$ Gy를, 정낭의 방사선치료는 92.3%에서 시행하고 있으나 총방사선량은 $54{\sim}73.8$ Gy로 다양하였다. 근치적인 방사선치료의 방사선량은 저위험군에서 고위험군으로 갈수록 증가하였으나 병원간의 차이가 $60{\sim}78.5$ Gy로 넓었다. 세기조절 방사선치료를 시행하는 병원은 53.8%로 반 수 이상에서 시행하고 있으며 총방사선량은 70 Gy이상 이었다. 동시추가분할선량법(SIB; simultaneous integrated boost)을 시행하는 병원은 3곳으로 표적부피와 방사선량이 다양하였다. 전립선 전적출술 후 생화학적 재발의 경우 84.6%의 병원에서 방사선치료를 시행하고 있으며 방사선치료 조사야는 전골반와부터 전립선부위까지 다양하며 총방사선량도 다양하였다. 결론: 전국 13개 병원의 전립선암의 방사선 치료현황을 볼 때 계속 증가하는 전립선암에 대한 전국병원의 방사선치료의 patterns of care study가 필요하며 이를 토대로 전립선암 방사선치료의 guideline을 제시할 필요가 있겠다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.83-101
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• 1981

Under the full consideration of the growing need and importance of population education in the field of home economics in Korea, the study was carried out to verify and assess the following facts on the current issues of population education of home economists who are presently engaging in teaching professions as the teachers of middle and high school and professors of college and universities by setting its primary objectives of the study as followings; 1) to assess the degree of general knowledge and attitudes of home economists toward population education in the field of home economics, 2) to verify the problems encountered in implementing population education by home economists in its field, 3) to find an existing status of previous trainings received and other activities of population education of home economists aimed at utilizing these findings as a part of reference materials when the population education is conducted in the field of home economics. In order to attain these objectives described above, the questionnaire was carefully designed to house a total of 40 questions with good combination of multiple-choice and the simple answer questions. The mail questionnaire survey was conducted by establishing teachers of home economics at middle/high schools and college/universities as Senior Home Economists(SHE) who are from public, private liberal arts and vocational schools. The rate of response observed during the survey was 45.6 percent and the findings of the survey research are as follows: 1) Examining the status of the respondents by residence and religion, it was found that 45 percent of middle & high school teachers ar.d 59. 1 percent of college professors are residing in Seoul city area and that the largest percent of them are christian in their religion. Analyzing respondents by their ages, 56 percent of middle/high school teachers are in their 30s, 45 percent of college professors are in their 40s, and 37 percent of college teachers are in their 30s. In addition, 13 percent of the total respondents are found to be unmarried. The study also revealed that 71 percent of the college professors finished Master Degree course and 82 percent of middle/high school teachers are graduated from college level lasting 4 years. Looking over the status cf major fields of respondents, 68.4 percent of middle/high school teachers are specialized in home economic education and the college professors, on the other hand, show relatively even prortion by specializing in the order of food & nutrition science, clothes & textile science and home managerial science. As far as the length of teaching experience is concerned, a relatively longer period of teaching experience is observed in the college professors in comparison with that of middle/high school teachers. In other words, 33.3 percent of middle/high school teachers are experienced in teaching from 6 to 10 years on average while 43.9 percent of college professors show more than 16 years of experience. 2) Examining the status of existing number of children cf the respondents, one boy and one daughter pattern is predominant, showing 28.5 percent in middle/high school teachers and 21.1 percent in college professors. As for the desired number of children of unmarried respondents, it is observed that 43.8 percent of middle/high school teachers desire to have one boy and one girl, and 31.3 percent of college professors want to have one child regardless of the sex. By assessing the degree of awareness of the population education through their students, it is observed that 53 percent of middle/high school teachers and 50 percent of college professors are aware of population education in some extent and that a majority of respondents took the positive attitudes toward an inclusion of family planning components into the formal school education. Another noteworthy to observe is that a total of 84.8 percent out of middle/high school teachers pointed that the population education currently conducted at schools as a part of home economics are less sufficient than it should be. 3) Analyzing the tendency as to whether the respondents were experienced in receiving population education during the time when they were students, 75 percent of college professors and 59 percent of middle/high school teachers responded negative answers in the survey. In the mean time, a total of 50 percent of the respondents replied that they began to acknowledge the importance of population education mainly through the participation of some sort of population-education orientend seminars, experienced by 40 percent of college professors and 80 percent of middle/high school teachers. 4) What it calls attention in this study was to find that 96.5 percent of middle/high school teachers and 72 percent of college professors conduct population education to some extent during their lecture hours and that more than 80 percent of them are never experienced in teaching population and family planning contents in their regular classes. It is, on the other hand, found that no more than once was the response of those who believe themselves that they are experienced in teaching these relevant components to their students. Analyzing the contents of the subjects being taught in the class, a large percent of them are found to be consisted of population and family planning contents. According to this study, the current population education through the formal school is quite inactive. Analyzing the facts, 44.9 percent of the college professors responded that the population and family planning components are quite apart from their specialization which eventually generates lack of interest in the field. 5) It is also noticed through the study that the degree of frequency of commenting on population and family planning contents during the classes was depending significantly on their specializations which means that the degree of frequency varies from a major to another. Those who majored in home managerial science was the first one, as compared to others who majored in different specializations. Glancing over the status of correlations between ages of the respondents and numbers of seminar paticipation, it is quite clear that the aged group participated more than the younger group did, and that the most highest number of participations made by college professors were those who are in 50s. In addition, it is also found that those who are aged 20s and 60s of the respondents were the group who comments least on the contents of population and family planning at their classes. The suggestions and recommendation made through this survey research are as follows. 1) No one denies that the rapid increase of population, as compared to the limited size of land and resources, will certainly affect adversly to an enhancement of individual life quality which will, eventually, bring forth the poverty of the nation. This is the reasson why we are insisting that the world population be controlled up to an optimum level with a matter of global concerns. It is our understading that the primary aim for reducing number of population is believed to be attained only by conducting the systematic and comprehensive population education through the formal schools. Therefore, the role of home economists in the field of population/family planning education is considered very importment due to the fact that an ultimate goal of population education is placed in elevating the quality of family life by having optimum number of children through family planning program. 2) It is quite clear that home economists as teachers of formal school in all level are invited to pay their attention on redefining the ultimate goal of education and that of population education. We also understant that the primary objective of population education is to change the norm and value of the clients by replenishing the students with pertinent knowledge and attitudes on population and its related problems through a sort of education in order to attain the ultimate goal for enhancing the quality of life. There is no exception in the theory of home economics. An altimate goal of home economics is to elevate the general quality of life through an establishment of value existed in daily life. Considering the relations between population education and home economics, it is quite indespensable to bandle population components as an integral part in the field of home economics. We believe, therefore, that the senior home economists positive participation in the effort population control is more needed than it has been. 3) It is also strongly urged that population education should be a part of instructor training course for home economics. In other words, the teacher of home economics should be well aware of population and its problems by teaching interrelationship between population education and home economics, needs, contents and methods of population education during the instructor training courese for home economics. In addition, the senior home economists should be encouraged through positive participation on the short term training by types of domestic and international seminar, workshop, etc. 4) We certainly believe that the population education can not sustain itself without any backing-up of information and findings' of various and comprehensive researches of natural and social sciences. Accordingly, every senior home economist is invited to exert their maximum effort to conduct systematic study with an aim to utilize these findings and information at best in population education in the field of home economics. Therefore, we consider that the development of training material is imminent in order to provide effective and efficient population education through the for training of home economies. It should be noted that these training materials must be carefully designed, tailored and developed to meet the different classes of trainees under the considerations as to whether it is easily adaptable and infusable into the curricula of every field of home economics, and it is acceptable in the degree of difficulty and quality in its contents. 5) It is true that there are many domestic and international research rapers, reports and findings in the field of population education and family planning. However, there is a tendency that the most of research papers are heavily relying on the authors intension and preferences in its expression and publication. Under these circumstances, it is urged that the home economists should aware of the growing need of the technical training in order to keep these available information and research findings reprocessed and redesigned to insure the practical application into the population education in the field of home economics in Korea.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.257-270
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate factors related to the intent of using home nursing of chronic disease patients who got out of a university hospital. For the purpose, the study selected 153 patients who were hospitalized and left K university hospital with diagnoses of cancer, hypertension, diabetes and cerebral vascular accident and ordered to be discharged and performed interviews with them and surveys on their medical records to obtain the following results. For this study a direct-interview survey and medical record review was conducted from June 28 to Aug. 30, 1998. The frequency and mean values were computed to find the characteristics of the study subjects, and $X^2$-test, t-test, factor analysis and multiple logistic regession analysis were applied for the analysis of the data. The following results were obtained. 1) When characteristics of the subjects were examined, men and women occupied for 58.8% and 41.2%, respectively. The subjects were 41.3 years old in aver age and had the monthly aver age earning of 0.99 million won or below, which was the most out of the total subjects at 34.6%. Among the total, 87.6% resided in cities and 12.4 in counties. The most left the hospital with diagnosis of cancer at 51.6%, followed by hyper tension at 24.2%, diabetes at 13.7% and cerebral vascular accident at 7.2%. 2) 93.5% of the selected patients had the intent of using home nursing and 6.5%, didn't. Among those patients having the intent, 85.6% had the intent of paying for home nursing and 14.4%, didn't. The subjects expected that the nursing would be paid 9,143 won in aver age and 47.7% of them preferred national authorities as the main servers. 86.3% of the subjects thought that home nursing business had the main advantage of making it possible to learn nursing methods at home and thereby contributing to improving the ability of patients and their facilities to solve health problems. 3) Relations between the intent of use and characteristics of the subjects such as demography-related social, home environment, disease and physical function characteristics did not show statistically significant differences among one another. Compared to those who had no intent of using home nursing, the group having the intent had more cases of male patients, the age of 39 or below, residence in cities, 5 family member s or more, no existence of home nursing servers, leaving the hospital from a non-hospitalized building, disease development for five months or below, hospitalization for ten days or more, non-hospitalization with in the recent one month, two times or over of hospitalization, leaving the hospital with no demand of special treatment, operation underwent, poor results of treatment, leaving the hospital with demand of rehabilitation services, physical disablement and high evaluation point of daily life. 4) Among those patients having the intent of using home nursing, 47.6% demanded technical nursing and 55.9%, supportive nursing. As technical nursing,' inject into a blood vessel ' and 'treat pustule and teach basic prevention methods occupied for 57.4%, respectively, topping the list. Among demands of supportive nursing, 'observe patients 'status and refer them to hospitals or community resources as available, if necessary' was the most with percent age point of 59.5. Regarding the intent of paying for home nursing, 39.2% of those patients wishing to use the nursing responded paying for technical services and 20.2, supportive services. In detail, 70.0% wanted to pay for a service stated as 'inject into a blood vessel', highest among the former services and 30.7%, a service referred to as 'teaching exercises needed to make the body of patients move', highest among the latter. When this was analyzed in terms of a relation between the need(the need for home nursing) and the demand(the intent of paying for home nursing), The rate of the need to the demand was found two or three times higher in technical nursing(0.82) than in supportive nursing(0.35). In aspects of tech ical nursing, muscle injection(1.26, the 1st rank) was highest in the rate while among aspects of supportive nursing, a service referred to as 'teach exercises needed for making patients move their bodies normally'(0.58, the 1st rank). 5) factors I(satisfaction with hospital services), II(recognition of disease state), III(economy) and IV(period of disease) occupied for 34.4, 13.8, 11.9 and 9.2 percents, respectively among factors related to the intent by the subjects of using home nursing, totaled 59.3%. In conclusion, most of chronic disease patients have the intent of using hospital-based home nursing and satisfaction with hospital services is a factor affecting the intent most. Thus a post-management system is needed to continue providing health management to those patients after they leave the hospital. Further, supportive services should be provided in order that those who are satisfied with hospital services return to their community and live their in dependent lives. Based on these results, the researcher would make the following recommendation. 1) Because home nursing becomes more and more needed due to a sharp increase in chronic disease patients and elderly people, related rules and regulations should be made and implemented. 2) Hospital nurses specializing in home nursing should be cultivated.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.43-58
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• 1977

Kojedo is the second largest island in Korea and a total population of 115,500 is living on the island of 394.69 sq. km. Under the direction of three nutrition professors, nutrition surveys in two villages in Kojedo, namely Siljun Ri in Hachung Myon and Soowol Ri in Shinhyun Myon, were carried by 30 college senior students majoring in nutrition from August to 20 August 1977. From a total of 176 households of the two villages, 67 households were randomly selected and 390 family members of the households were subjcets of the nutrition surveys. The precise weighing method was used in evaluating the kinds of foods and nutrient intakes of the subjects for three consecutive days. Thirty-seven pre-school children aged between 3 to 6 years and 27 fertile women were examined for biochemical findings and physical status. The main purposes of the surveys are to provide baseline data on nutrition in Kojedo Island for the Kojedo Community Development Project and to compare the nutritional status of the villages of Siljun Ri and Soowol Ri. Siljun Ri is located in the pilot project area of the Koiedo Community Health Project sponsored since December 1970 by the Christian Medical Commission of the World Council of Churches. While Soowol Ri is a control village for comparison. The results obtained are summarized as follows: Food Intake The average food intake per person per day in Siljun Ri, 1064 grams (91.7% in vegetable foods and 7.6% in animal foods) was 90 grams more than that of Soowol Ri, 974 grams (92.8% in vegetable foods and 5.9% in animal foods). However, the food intake per pre-school child in Siljun Ri, 485 grams (92.6% from vegetable foods and 6.4% from animal foods) was 21 grams lower than that of the Soowol Ri, 506 grams (88.5% from vegetable foods and 6.5% from animal foods). The average intake of beans was 16 grams(1.5% out of the total food intake) in Siljun Ri and 21 grams(2.2% of the total food intake)in Soowol Ri. The villagers should be guided for more consumption of soybeans to improve the quality of protein intake from vegetable foods. Nutrient Intake The adult intake in Siljun Ri and Soowol Ri were 2,529 kcal and 2,511 kcal respectively. The average energy intake of pre-school childen in Siljun Ri was 948 kcal and that for adult and 1,500 kcal for childen aged between 4 to 6 years-given by the Korea FAO Association, the diets in both villages were not adequate. Average daily protein intake of the subjected adult in Siljun Ri was 78.4 grams and that of Soowol Ri was 76.2 grams, while pre-school children took 30.7 grams in the former village and 31.7 grams in the latter village per child per day. The protein intake in both villages were lower than the recommended allowances, 80 grams for adult and 45 grams for $4{\sim}6$ years childen, and animal protein intake of the all subjects was very much lower than the RDA. The main charecter of the diet has been found low in quality of protein and high in carbohydrate. The calcium intakes of the pre-school children in both villages, 251.9 milligrams in Siljun Ri and 218.8 milligrams in Soowol Ri, were very much lower than the recommended allowance of 500 milligrams per day. It is apparent that the diet for children should be supplemented with calcium. Among the vitamin group, the daily average intakes of vitamin A and $B_{2}$(thiamine), $B_{2}$(riboflavin), C(ascorbic acid), and niacin were not adequate for the children in both villages. Especially the intake of riboflavin, 0.4 milligrams in both village children, was much lower than the RDA, 0.9 milligrams per day. Physical Characteristics Average height, weight, chest and head circumference of the pre-school children in both villages were similar to those of the Korean standard given by the Korean Paediatrics Association except that the average height of pre-school boys in Siljun Ri was 8 cm higher than the Korean standard of 105 cm. The mean values of upper arm circumference and skinfold thickness of pre-school boys in both villages were the same, 15.4 cm for upper arm circumference and 6.8 mm for skinfold thickness, but the mean values of those of the girls in Siljun Ri were higher than those of pre-school grils in Soowol Ri. Biochemical Findings Avera ge hemogobin value of boys and girls in both villages was the same, 11.1 grams per 100 ml of blood. The incidence of anemia (Hb value below 11g/100ml) was similar in both viltagesr 36.4% for boys and 50% for girls in Siljun Ri and 37.5% for boys and 50% for girls in Soowol Ri. Average hemoglobin values of fertile women were 10.7g% in Siljun Ri and 10.8% in Soowor Ri. The incidences of anemia(Hb valre brlow 12g/100ml) were 100% in Siljun Ri and 86.7% in Soowol Ri. The anemia of these subjects may be caused mainty low intake of good quality protein and iron intake from vegetable food. Recommendation In general, the nutritional status of a community health pilot village is not higher than that of control village due to the lack of nutrition improvement guldance services. Nutrition education should be delivered to the villagers as a main part of the health education artivities. The emphasis should be on building better health through bttter food habits and better food production as well as on preventing malnutrition and diseasrs. It can be an invaluable part of community developnent. Since nutrition is considered to be at least one-half of MCH care, no village or home visits should be made without careful provision for teaching and demoastrating something simple and practical on nutrition. The nurse, midwife, and village health worker should be the chief promoters of nutrition.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.128-140
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• 1982

저위(低位) 생산답중(生産畓中)에서 분포면적(分布面積)이 가장 넓고 개량(改良)의 효과(効果)가 큰 사질답(砂質畓)의 분포상태(分布状態) 및 실용적(実用的) 분류(分類)와 더불어 현재(現在) 널리 쓰이고 있는 답류형별(畓類型別) 분류체계(分類体系)의 개선(改善)을 위한 사질답(砂質畓) 유형분류(類型分類) 시안(試案)을 시도(試圖)하여 본 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 현재(現在) 이용(利用)되고 있는 기준(基準)에 의(依)한 사질답(砂質畓)의 잠재생산력(潜在生産力)은 보통답(普通畓)의 86%이었고 생산력(生産力)의 변이정도(変異程度)가 커서 유형재분류(類型再分類)의 필요성(必要性)이 있었다. 2. 현재(現在) 이용(利用)되고 있는 답유형(畓類型) 구분기준중(区分基準中) "사질답(砂質畓)"은 토성(土性)이 사질(砂質)이더라도 습답(湿畓)인 경우(境遇)와 염농도(塩濃度)가 높은 경우(境遇)에는 제외(除外)되고 있으므로 "객토대상지(客土対象地)" 추천(推薦)이 복잡(複雜)하고 제염(除塩)되거나 배수조건(排水條件) 변화시(変化時)에 유형(類型)을 변경분류(変更分類)해야 하였다. 3. 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 제안(提案)한 사질답분류(砂質畓分類) 시안(試案)에서는 토성(土性)이 사질(砂質)인 모든 답토양(畓土壌)을 포함(包含)시켰으며 수량(收量)에 영향(影響)이 큰 특성(特性)을 기준(基準)하여 개(個)의 아형(亜型)(산화용탈형(酸化溶脫型) 사질답(砂質畓); 건답형(乾畓型), 산화환원중간형(酸化還元中間型) 사질답(砂質畓); 반습답형(半湿畓型), 환원집적형(還元集積型) 사질답(砂質畓); 습답형(湿畓型), 환원염해형(還元塩害型), 사질답(砂質畓), 염해형(塩害型))으로 재분(再分)하였고 각아형(各亜型)은 토성계별(土性系別)로 토양통(土壌統)과 연결(連結)할 수 있었다. 그러므로 시안(試案)의 분류단계(分類段階)는 형(型)(사질답(砂質畓))-아형(亜型)(4개(個))-토성계(土性系)(5등급(等級))-토양통(土壤壌)(48개통(個統))으로 되었다. 4. 시안(試案)과 같이 사질습답(砂質湿畓)과 사질염해답(砂質塩害畓)을 사질답(砂質畓)의 일부(一部)에 포함(包含)시켜 생산력(生産力)의 변이정도(変異程度)를 검정(検定)해 본 결과(結果)는 현행(現行) 체계(体系)에 의(依)한 것보다 개선(改善)되엇다. 5. 전국(全国)의 사질답(砂質畓) 면적(面積)은 409,902ha로서 총(総) 답면적(畓面積)의 32.3%에 해당(該当)되며 시안(試案)대로 분류(分類)하면 38.9%(492,982ha)에 달(達)하였고 절대면적(絶対面積)이 많은 지역(地域)은 경기(京畿)(88,923ha), 전북(全北)(69,717ha), 경북(慶北)(55,390ha) 순(順)이었고 답면적(畓面積) 전체(全体)에 대(対)한 상대적(相対的) 비율(比率)이 높은 지역(地域)은 강원(江原)(58.9%), 경기(京畿)(50.5%), 충북(忠北)(48.5%), 전북(全北)(41.0%)의 순(順)이며 시안(試案)에 의(依)하면 사질답(砂質畓) 면적(面積)은 더욱 높아져서 강원도(江原道)의 경우(境遇)에는 71.4%가 사질질답(砂質質畓)에 해당(該当)되었다. 6. 사질답(砂質畓)은 답토양(畓土壌) 적성등급(適性等級)의 3급지(級地)(69.1%)와 4급지(級地)(29.2%)에 대부분(大部分)이 해당(該当)되었으며 3급지중(級地中)에서는 "3사질(砂質)"(53.3%), 4급지중(級地中)에서는 "4경사(傾斜)"(16.0%)에 해당(該当)하는 토양(土壌)이 가장 많았다. 토성계(土性系)(Texture family)별(別)로는 사양질계(砂壌質系)(Coarse loamy family)가 59.2%로 대부분(大部分)이었고 징사(徵砂) 사양질계(砂壌質系)(Coarse silty)인 것도 전체(全体)의 16.1%에 달(達)하였다. 7. 시안(試案)에 의(依)한 사질답(砂質畓) 아형별(亜型別) 면적(面積)은 반습답형(半湿畓型) 사질답(砂質畓)(酸化還元中間型)이 49.6%(245,012ha)로 가장 많았고 그 다음으로 건답형(乾畓型) 사질답(砂質畓)(산화용탈형(酸化溶脫型))이 33.5%(64,890ha)이었고 습답형(湿畓型)(14.0%)과 염해형(塩害型)(2.9%)도 그 분포면적(分布面積)은 83,081ha에 달(達)하였다.