• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.425-438
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• 2005

This study is to examine the types of expression and aesthetic characteristics of on-line game characters by analyzing those game characters' body and their costume that appear in various domestic on-line game sites. It is shown in this study that types of the human bodies and costume expressed through the game characters are grouped into five categories such as exposure and tightness, enlargement and exaggeration, curtailment and simplification, gender stereotype and unification. Furthermore, there are four typical aesthetic characteristics resulting from those types of expressions; First, 'grotesque' is expressed in the form of extreme enlargement and exaggeration, extreme exposure and concealment, combined images among human, animal or machine, or monstrous devilish images. Second, in an effort to express 'eroticism', bodies are directly exposed, see-through costumes are used in order to emphasize the body lines or very tight designs are used. Third, 'futuristic' characteristics are shown through geometrical shape and silhouette, machine-like details, strong artificial colors or glossy hi-tech material. Lastly, 'pastiche' is expressed with reconciliation of variety of costumes of game characters. Various opposite or heterogeneous styles are combined or harmonized each other to show pastiche, of which examples are male and female, superior culture and inferior one, rich and poor, oriental and western, human and machine, human and nature or past and future, etc.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2020

Animation films form a substantial part of pop culture and depict the sociocultural changes and values of the time in which they are made through visual expression of story and characters. In the process of appreciating animation films and accepting the characters, the audience learns the gender role behaviors that appear in the works as socially acceptable representations of men and women. This study illustrates whether the expression of gender role and behaviors of characters from animation films have changed over time or not by analyzing the costume and gestures of the female protagonists in 'Mulan', 'Tangled', 'Moana', and 'Frozen 2'. These films are considered to reflect the modern female identity on their story and characters. The study confirms that the stereotypical gestures and behaviors of women are still used today to portray the female protagonists in the animation films contrary to the story composition and various aspects of characters which escaped the formal stereotype. It is important for children and adolescents, the main consumers of animation, to learn and know how to consume media properly. Thus, this study seeks to illuminate the importance of research on animation literacy eduction for children and adolescents by examining the visual expressions and their implications in various animation films.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.195-212
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• 2022

Based on the kinetic typography principle and the structure features of Chinese characters, this study took the Chinese'24 solar terms' theme dynamic poster as the research object, explored the visual expression of dynamic Chinese characters, and tried to summarize the visual expression law of Chinese characters in dynamic poster design. It can be found that, there could be 6 different types of Chinese character expressions in the 24 solar terms poster design. Among them, 'Drawing' design method has the meaning of text structure and form expression, and 'Assembling' design method has the meaning of text stroke and texture association, also, 'Forming' design method bring its meaning through stroke deformation, 'Transforming' design method conveys the content through text disintegration, 'Replacing' design method mainly bring the meaning through simulation, while 'Rotation' design method always express through visual three-dimensional and space. Finally, the findings could not only provide analytical logic and methods for the expression of Chinese characters in dynamic poster design, but also fill the lack of formative research on dynamic Chinese characters, which hopefully provide basic information for the research related to dynamic Chinese character structure, as well as the dynamic poster designers.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2021

In this paper, we considered that recently 3D game characters have been almost alike realistic expression because of a great mathematical computation and efficient techniques on GPU hardware. We presented the rendering technique and analysis for 3D game characters to simulate and render mathematical approach model from recent researches to perform the game engine for the surface reflection of lighting model. We compare our approach with the existing variant rendering techniques here using Open GL shader language on game engine. The experimental result will be provided the view-dependent visual appearance of variant and effective modeling characters for realistic expression using existing methods on the GPU for effective simulations and rendering process. Since there are many operations that are used redundantly while performing mathematical operations, the necessary functions and requirements have been to compute in advance.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2007

The purpose of this analysis is to investigate the effect of leading characters in picture books on self concept in children. For this study, we selected a total of 55 picture books, all of which were best sellers in four internet book stores. The method used for the study was based on content analysis. The results of this analysis were as follows: First, the gender of leading characters was male more often than female, and the majority of picture books were creative story books and translation books. Second, subordinate parts related to the self-concept were most frequently found in the social self-concept. Social self-concept was positively expressed through the relationship between friend and family characters in story books. Cognitive self-concept was the least. Third, when the frequency of positive and negative expressions in picture books was analyzed, the social self-concept was found to be positively expressed in the subordinate parts of relationships between friends and family. The social self-concept was negatively expressed, however, in the subordinate parts of relationship between non-significant others, and the emotional self-concept was also negatively expressed in the subordinate parts of the emotional recognition and expression. In summary. instances of cognitive self-concept and positive expression were found to be more significant than negative ones.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.77-89
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• 2020

The film "Parasite" portrays Korea's history and its present in a space that clearly represents the real world's hierarchy as a vertical structure. It demonstrates the problems of an insurmountable reality and the elements of various conflicts occurring below the surface of Korean society through a complex mix of human emotions and relationships. The most realistic yet unrealistic characters cross boundaries between being victims and perpetrators, defamiliarizing ordinary scenes from everyday life through their small mistakes, strange obsessions, bizarre behavior, anxious psychology, and desperate struggles. This study analyzes the expression of the film "Parasite" through its characters with the belief that the film expresses director Bong Joon-ho's consistent cinematic philosophy of taking reality beyond the traditional rules of film genres. By doing so, Bong creates a feature of the expression that shifts genres as the characters' personalities amplify related behaviors, conflicts and questions, and that this is the core of the unique nuance and distinct humor of this film. In addition, the personalities of the characters interact with all the film's elements (cinematic techniques, space, props, etc.), evoking effects of various meanings, which are transmitted through the actors'images and acting. In this respect, the study analyzes how the actors were cast in order to realistically reproduce the characters of the actors, how their acting was harmonized with the film's elements, and its features as well as how they were expressed.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• 통권37호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2014

The advancement of computer technology has blurred the border in image expression between live-action films and 3D animation to an indistinguishable extent. Despite the ever-evolving image expression, it has been found that animation properly incorporating abstractive expression receives more positive responses from the audience than the animation closely akin to live-action films. This indicates that animation-specific abstractive expression can exert more significant effects than that of live-action expression as proved in Dr. Mori Masahiro's 'Uncanny Valley.' Also, such effects apply only to characters, whilst the technology capable of live-action expression is acknowledged only for the background of 3D animation. Without doubt, animation has its own infinite world of expression, and thus more effective methods for its expression can no longer be considered a matter of technology. The present study analyzes the abstractive expression of 3D animation in terms of characters and backgrounds and explores a more effective method to apply the current technology of image expression to 3D animation with a view to proposing a direction for more appropriate application of 3D animation technology to future animation.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2008년도 학술대회 2부
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• pp.411-416
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• 2008

The development of games has brought about the birth of game characters that are visually very realistic. At present, one sees much enthusiasm for giving the characters emotions through such devices as avatars and emoticons. However, in a freely changing environment of games, the devices merely allow for the expression of the value derived from a first input rather than creating expressions of emotion that actively respond to their surroundings. As such, there are as of yet no displays of deep emotions among game characters. In light of this, the present article proposes the 'CROSS(Character Reaction on Specific Situation) Model AE Engine' for game characters in order to develop characters that will actively express action and emotion within the environment of the changing face of games. This is accomplished by classifying the emotional components applicable to game characters based on the OCC model, which is one of the most well known cognitive psychological models. Then, the situation of game playing analysis of the commercialized RPG game is systematized by ontology.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 한국정보통신학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.126-127
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• 2018

Whether it is an online game or a stand alone game, research will ultimately never stop to increase the degree of realistic expression of visual effects. Recently, realistic characters are appearing in games. Particularly, due to the development of virtual reality technology, RPG games with simulation-based realistic images are becoming popular. The player can experience the story of the game in the game and experience difficulty level by level. As other players, teammates, or enemy characters appear as realistic characters, and the episode of the game expands, the importance of realistic game characters is growing so that they can play more. Adding a realistic game character to a game based on a classic movie character gives the player a more realistic and interesting visual experience. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of realistic character style on the fun and visual effects of games.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2023

Let L(s, χ) be the Dirichlet L-series associated with an f-periodic complex function χ. Let P(X) ∈ ℂ[X]. We give an expression for ∑^f_n=1 χ(n)P(n) as a linear combination of the L(-n, χ)'s for 0 ≤ n < deg P(X). We deduce some consequences pertaining to the Chowla hypothesis implying that L(s, χ) > 0 for s > 0 for real Dirichlet characters χ. To date no extended numerical computation on this hypothesis is available. In fact by a result of R. C. Baker and H. L. Montgomery we know that it does not hold for almost all fundamental discriminants. Our present numerical computation shows that surprisingly it holds true for at least 65% of the real, even and primitive Dirichlet characters of conductors less than 10⁶. We also show that a generalized Chowla hypothesis holds true for at least 72% of the real, even and primitive Dirichlet characters of conductors less than 10⁶. Since checking this generalized Chowla's hypothesis is easy to program and relies only on exact computation with rational integers, we do think that it should be part of any numerical computation verifying that L(s, χ) > 0 for s > 0 for real Dirichlet characters χ. To date, this verification for real, even and primitive Dirichlet characters has been done only for conductors less than 2·10⁵.