• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2022

Objectives : In this study, erythrocyte micronucleus test of pomace Schisandra chinensis extracts was conducted in order to up-cycling to a high value-added industry using by-products discarded in the production process of Schisandra chinensis products and active ingredients such as dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in Schisandra chinensis. Methods : The micronucleus test was performed according to the 'OECD Guidelines'. Including the negative control group(0 mg/kg) and the positive control group(CPA 70 mg/kg), pomace Schisandra chinensis extracts were orally administered to ICR mouse at doses of 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg. After sacrificing the experimental animals bone marrow cells were collected and micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte were counted. And genetic toxicity was confirmed according to the frequency of micronucleus. Results : As a result of the micronucleus test, there were no changes in body weight, clinical signs, or death in any group. But, a significant increase was observed in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte among polychromatic erythrocytes in the positive control group administered with CPA compared to the negative control group(p<0.05). Whereas, no significant increase was observed in the group administered with pomace Schisandra chinensis extracts compared to the negative control group. Conclusions : Pomace Schisandra chinensis extracts did not induce micronucleus in bone marrow cells of ICR mouse up to a concentration of 2,000 mg/kg, and it was judged that no genetic toxicity was observed.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was to assessment the toxicity of Sipjeondaebo-tang(Shiquan dabu-decoction) by micronucleus test. Methods : Sipjeondaebo-tang(Shiquan dabu-decoction) water-extract in vivo micronucleus test was performed using 7 weeks ICR mice. At 24 hours after with Sipjeondaebo-tang extract at the doses of 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg/day by peritoneal route mice were sacrificed and bone marrow cells were prepared for smear slides. Results : As a result of counting the micronucleus polychromate erythrocyte of 2000 polychromate erythrocyte, all treatment groups did not show statistically significant increase than negative control group. and there was no clinical sign and body weight connected with injection of Sipjeondaebo-tang(Shiquan dabu-decoction) extract. Conclusions: It was concluded that Sipjeondaebo-tang extract did not induce micronucleus in the bone marrow cells of ICR mice

• Toxicological Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.119-123
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• 2011

In this research, the genotoxic effect of Picrorrhiza Rhizoma (PR) aqueous extract was evaluated using the mouse micronucleus test. PR extract was administered once a day for 2 continuous days by oral gavage to male ICR mice at doses of 2000, 1000 and 500 mg/kg. Cyclophosphamide was used as a known genotoxic agent in a positive control. The appearance of a micronucleus (MN) in polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE) is used as an index for genotoxic potential, and PCE ratio is used as an index of cytotoxicity. Although significant (p < 0.01) increase of the number of PCE with one or more nuclei (MNPCE) was detected in cyclophosphamide treated groups, no significant increases of MNPCE numbers were observed in all three different dosages of PR extracts treated mice with over 0.39 of the individual polychromatic erythrocyte ratio in all mice used in this study. The results obtained indicated that PR extract shows no genotoxicity effects up to 2000 mg/kg dosing levels.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2002

YHB216 is one of new recombinant human erythropoietins (rHu-EPO) developed by Yuhan Research Institute. The rHu-EPO products are widely being used for the treatment of various types of anemia. As a series of safety studies on YHB216, we performed the local irritation test (dermal & ocular application) in male New Zealand White rabbits and micronucleus test in male ICR mice. In the skin irritation test, 0.5 ml of YHB216 10,000 IU/ml solution was applied to the back skin of rabbits for 24 hours and sub-sequent observation was performed. There was no induced response after the treatment and the primary irritation index (P.I.I.) was‘0’. In the eye irritation test, 0.1 ml of YHB216 10,000 IU/mL solution was instilled into the conjunctiva of the eye. No treatment-related reaction was observed at the cornea, iris, and conjunctiva. In the micronucleus test, YHB216 was administered intravenously to male mice (6 mice per group) at dose levels of 0, 6,250, 12,500, and 25,000 IU/kg. Bone marrow cells were collected at 24 hours after the treatment. YHB216 treated groups showed no significant difference in the P/N (polychromatic erythrocyte/ normochromatic erythrocyte) ratio and in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte com-pared with the control. In conclusion, YHB216 was found to be a non-irritating material up to 10,000 IU/ml in the local irritation test and to be a non-mutagen up to 25,000 IU/kg in the micronucleus test.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2005

시험물질 산삼배양추출물의 유전독성 평가를 위해 수컷 ICR 마우스 골수세포를 이용한 소핵시험을 실시하였다. 1 회 투여 최고량은 예비 시험에서 결정하였다. 약 7주령의 수컷 마우스에 시험물질 0, 500, 1,000 및 2,000 mg/kg의 용량을 1일 1회 2일간 복강내 투여하고, 최종 투여로부터 약 24시간 후에 골수세포를 수거하여 소핵 유발과 세포독성을 평가하였다. 개체당 2,000개의 다염성적혈구(michromatic erythrocyte, PCE)중에 나타나는 소핵을 가진 다염성적혈구(micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte, MNPCE)의 수를 계수한 결과, 모든 시험물질 투여군은 음성 대조군에 비해 통계학적으로 유의한 증가는 나타나지 않았으며 일반 증상에서도 모든 시험군은 투여로 인한 것으로 판단되는 증상은 관찰되지 않았다. 부검시 체중에 있어서는 시험물질 최고 용량군에서 유의한 감소가 관찰되었다. 따라서 산삼배양추출물은 위 시험 조건에서, 본 시험에 사용한 마우스 골수세포에 소핵을 유발하지 않는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2009

In this research, the genotoxic effects of Pinelliae Rhizoma (PR) extracts, one of famous herbal agents in Korean medicine were evaluated using the mouse micronucleus test. PR extracts was administered once a day for 2 continuous days by oral gavage to male ICR mice at doses of 2000, 1000, and 500 mg/kg. Cyclophosphamide was used as a known genotoxic agent in a positive control. The appearance of a micronucleus is used as an index for genotoxic potential. No PR extracts treatment-related abnormal clinical signs, body weight changes and mortalities were detected. Significant (p<0.01) increases of the numbers of polychromatic erythrocytes contain micronucleus in prepared bone marrow cells were detected in CPA and PR extracts 2000 mg/kg treated groups as compared with intact control, respectively. The results of intraperitoneal dose mouse bone marrow cell micronucleus test of PR extracts were positive in the present study. It is considered that there were no problems from cytotoxicity of PR extracts tested in this study because the polychromatic erythrocyte ratio was detected as > 0.42 in all tested groups.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.853-857
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• 2008

시험물질 공액리놀렌산이 함유된 디글리세라이드 식용유지 조성물의 마우스에 대한 소핵유발시험을 실시하였다. 시험물질 500, 1,000, 2,000 mg/kg의 용량과 음성대조군 및 양성대조군인 Mitomycin C 2 mg/kg 투여군을 설정한 후, 음성대조군과 시험물질군은 경구투여 하였고, 양성대조군은 복강투여 하여 최종 투여 후 24시간 후에 대퇴골로부터 골수세포를 채취, 도말하였다. 골수검체는 5% Giemsa액으로 염색하며 소핵유발빈도를 검경하였다. 시험결과 마우스 골수세포를 이용한 소핵시험에서, 모든 시험물질군의 다염성적혈구(Polychromatic erythrocyte, PCE) 중 소핵다염성적혈구(Micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte, MNPCE)의 출현율은 음성대조군과 비교하여 통계학적으로 유의성 있는 증가는 관찰되지 않았다. 한편, 양성대조군의 다염성적혈구 중 소핵다염성적혈구의 출현율은 음성대조군과 비교하여 현저한 증가가 인정되었다. PCE/(PCE+NCE)의 비는 시험물질군과 음성대조군을 비교하였을 때 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 음성대조군 및 양성대조군의 소핵유발빈도는 historical control date의 정상범위에 있었기 때문에 본시험은 적절한 조건하에서 실시되었음이 확인 되었다. 따라서 본 시험 조건하에서 시험물질인 공액리놀렌산이 함유된 디글리세라이드 조성물은 마우스 골수세포의소핵유발에 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 판단된다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2004

To evaluate the genotoxicity of CJ-11555, an anti-cirrhotic agent, the reverse mutation test, chromosomal aberration test and in vivo micronucleus test in rats were performed. In the reverse mutation test, the treatment of CJ-11555 at doses of 33.3, 100, 333, 1000, 3330 and 5000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/plate with and without 89 did not induce mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and Escherichia coli (E. call) WP2uvrA. In chromosomal aberration test, CJ-11555 did not induce structural a chromosomal aberration in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with and without metabolic activation at all doses. In micronucleus test, CJ-11555 did not induce any statistically significant increases in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (MNPCE) at doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg. These results suggest that CJ-11555 might not have a mutagenic potential under the conditions in this study.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2012

In this research, the genotoxic effect of Bupleuri Radix (BR), the dried roots of Bupleurum falcatum Linne has been traditionally used as anti-inflammatory agent, was evaluated using the mouse micronucleus test. BR aqueous extract (yield = 16.52%) was administered once a day for 2 continuous days by oral gavage to male ICR mice at doses of 2,000, 1,000 and 500 mg/kg. Cyclophosphamide (CPA) 70 mg/kg was used as a known genotoxic agent in a positive control. The appearance of a micronucleus (MN) in polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE) is used as an index for genotoxic potential, and PCE ratio is used as an index of cytotoxicity. Although significant (p<0.01) increase of the number of PCE with one or more nuclei (MNPCE) was detected in CPA treated groups, no significant increases of MNPCE numbers were observed in all three different dosages of BR extracts treated mice with over 0.30 of the individual polychromatic erythrocyte ratio in all mice used in this study. The results obtained indicated that BR extract shows no genotoxicity effects up to 2,000 mg/kg dosing levels the limit dosage in rodents.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2012

Objectives : In this research, the genotoxic effect of $Scutellariae$ $Radix$(SR), the dried roots of $Scutellaria$ $baicalensis$ Georgi has been traditionally used as antipyretic agent, was evaluated using the mouse micronucleus test. Methods : SR aqueous extract(yield = 27.2%) was administered once a day for 2 continuous days by oral gavage to male ICR mice at doses of 2,000, 1,000 and 500 mg/kg. Cyclophosphamide(CPA) 70 mg/kg was used as a known genotoxic agent in a positive control. The appearance of a micronucleus(MN) in polychromatic erythrocyte(PCE) is used as an index for genotoxic potential, and PCE ratio is used as an index of cytotoxicity. Results and Conclusions : Although significant(p<0.01) increase of the number of PCE with one or more nuclei(MNPCE) was detected in CPA treated groups, no significant increases of MNPCE numbers were observed in all three different dosages of SR extracts treated mice with over 0.33 of the individual polychromatic erythrocyte ratio in all mice used in this study. The results obtained indicated that SR extract shows no genotoxicity effects up to 2,000 mg/kg dosing levels - the limit dosage in rodents.