• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.9
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• pp.65-80
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• 2002

As the growth of Internet business, many web sites have been developed their own Internet business strategies. Yet, many web sites have difficulties to make profit. In this paper, an economic model is developed to analyze web sites' quality and pricing strategies when they initiate their services as free services and develop advertising services and other charged services. By analyzing the economic model, optimal quality and prices was found. And by analyzing the optimal strategy, I found that web sites should properly decide their market share on initial customer. Finally, the importance of web sites' productivity to make profit is emphasized.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.28-39
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• 2004

The Korean textile industry the driving force of Korea's economic development, is faced with difficulties due to domestic and foreign influences. The purpose of this paper is to examine what measures are necessary for overcoming such difficulties. As the first step, We conducted a month-long survey, in August 2003, of 157 small-medium firms operating in the Korean textile industry to collect information about difficulties that they face in carrying out their business. According to the result, small firms performed badly in sales and facility investment efforts for 2003 due to worldwide economic depression. They, however, actively pursued new technology development in order to improve their competitiveness. Profits and productivity decreased with reduced sales, and their view on the next year’s perspective is also very unfavorable. Especially many firms intend to maintain or even lower the level of sales goal for 2004, reflecting the sluggish market environment. According to the survey, under such circumstances, as many as 74% of firms wanted to turn the tables through the development of highly sensuous material and improved marketing efforts. One of potential answers to this problem, which is suggested by the survey, is to establish a consulting service institution to provide promptly marketing data and information on textile and fashion market and trend in Italy. Especially, firms surveyed have shown a great deal of interest in Italian consulting service for new textile material developments. While they want the service for high value-added product development, they are reluctant to do so because of the uncertainty of its future effects and high consulting fees.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2023

The core of the foreign policy of the Yoon Suk-yeol government is the promotion of active economic and security diplomacy as indicated in Policy Tasks No. 98. To this end, economic consultative bodies such as Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement(RCEP), Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), and Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF) are taking the initiative to respond to the formation of supply chain, human rights, environment, and digital-related norms, and actively support Korean companies' overseas expansion. Due to the nature of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF) as an organization established centered on the space of the ocean, the MOF faces difficulties in bringing the functions of other ministries into the space of the ocean. Considering the vision, objectives, and detailed plans of the MOF, the contribution of the MOF in the field of active economic security, one of the main foreign policies of the Yoon Suk-yeol government, is perhaps too obvious. However, since the re-launch of the MOF, the ODA budget for the oceans and fisheries sector is too small compared to other ministries, so even if new policy demands are discovered, there are many difficulties in implementing these policies in practice. Recognizing these problems, this paper examines the background and contents of foreign policies that have been promoted for the efficient promotion of RCEP, CPTPP and IPEF and introduces the areas of cooperation in the oceans and fisheries sector in these foreign policies.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2011

Purpose: In an attempt to investigate causes of runaway impulse in male and female students with runaway impulse experience in high schools, this study was carried out. Methods: The subjects were 195 high school students in Gyeonggi and Incheon area. The data were collected by using the questionnaires. Results: To both male and female students, the main causes of runaway impulse were 'conflicts with parents', 'interference and excessive expectations of parents' and 'burden of study and grades'. In cases of youth with runaway experience by runaway impulse, the major causes of runaway impulse were 'want to have fun with friends' and 'conflicts with parents'. Also shelter and economic difficulties were obstacles that prevent a runaway despite runaway impulse to both male and female students. But in female, the fear and anxiety about runaway were higher barriers than those of male. Conclusion: From the above results, major causes of runaway impulses were relationships with parents, and burden of study. And barriers to prevent a runaway were shelter, economic difficulties to both male and female students.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.49-64
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• 2022

This study aims to investigate unmet healthcare needs due to economic or non-economic difficulties among the elderly aged 65 or older. Using Korea Health Panel Survey (KHPS) data from 2018, the elderly are classified into one of four groups (health insurance subscribers, non-take-up, lower income relief, and medical aid recipients) based on their level of medical vulnerability. For hospital or dental care, the prevalence rates of unmet healthcare needs due to economic and non-economic difficulties are 12.6% and 10.6%, respectively. The prevalence rate of unmet healthcare needs due to economic difficulty in the medically vulnerable group was much higher than that of the non-vulnerable group-that is, health insurance subscribers. After controlling for other influential factors, medical vulnerability has a great impact on the prevalence rates of unmet healthcare needs due to economic difficulties. Compared to health insurance subscribers, the non-take-up, the lower relief, and the medical aid recipients are 1.4 times, 3.3 times, and 2.4 times more likely to experience unmet healthcare needs due to economic difficulty, respectively. The results of this study can provide important policy implications for securing essential healthcare resources for the elderly.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.561-570
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• 2014

In this study, people with disabilities experience difficulties in their daily lives evaluate. To this end, eight people with disabilities in Seoul material by conducting consensual qualitative in-depth interviews (CQR) method of analysis. The findings in the three categories and therefore the region 14 to 48 depending on the frequency analysis. Psychology in everyday life of people with disabilities, lack of self-confidence and emotional experience difficulties, health problems, concerns, marriage (remarriage), and the opposite sex, family relationship difficulties, loneliness, worry about aging issues, respectively. Social and economic difficulties experienced difficulties in the relationship, livelihood issues, childbirth and parenting issues, work-life difficulties, trouble appeared when going out. Process to deal with these experiences of meeting the religious institutions, community system used, was used with the help of the people around. By the results of this study, people with disabilities in everyday life so that you can overcome difficulties that practical help and social services to the community through the ongoing support system was required to suggestions.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.247-256
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify and describe the caregiving difficulties that mothers of children with spina bifida experience from their own perspectives. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was designed. Data were collected from five mini-focus group interviews and four individual interviews using open-ended questions. Nineteen mothers of children with mild spina bifida participated in the study during 2014-2015. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis to identify major difficulties perceived by the mothers. Results: Five domains were identified with 12 subdomains. "Daily routine continence management" describes difficulties arising in bladder and bowel management for the child with spina bifida. "Management of school life of child" deals with difficulties in relation to the school facilities, such as the toilets, as well as teachers and friends. "Relationship with family and neighbors" illustrates problems in relations with their spouse, normal children, relatives and neighbors. "Maintaining physical and psychological health" includes physical and psychological problems of the mothers. "Finance" describes economic burden that the mothers face in the management of child's illness. Conclusion: The findings from this study provide insight into the practical issues related to the management of chronic conditions of children with spina bifida from the mothers' perspectives.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.1-31
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• 2020

This study analyzed the determinants of self-employment exits among the middle-aged and senior adults. For the analysis, we used KLoSA(Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing) data from the first(2006) to the sixth(2016) and vocational data, which is a retrospective data surveyed in 2007. Among the reasons for exiting the self-employment, we find that the group that went out of their businesses due to management difficulties were more likely to have economic difficulties after the exit. Therefore, we analyzed the determinants of self-employment exits considering the exit reason due to management difficulties. The analysis model used a competing risk regression model that defined the only exit due to management difficulties as failures. As a result, the significance of gender, age, and education variables, which were well known as determinants of exiting the self-employment, disappeared. On the other hand, we find that the prior experience in the same industry tended to lower the risk of exiting the self-employment. To summarize the results, we suggest that we need some ways to help the middle-aged and senior adults who start their own businesses without any experience in the same industry to prevent them from failures.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.25-40
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• 2002

Recently the rural women's role has been changed from assisting men to leading major farm work. However, contribution of women in the rural area has not beers fairly evaluated. Hence, it has been difficult for the rural women to receive the reasonable compensation if they injured, had some disasters or were divorced. Therefore this study tried to suggest economic methods such as market cost approach, opportunity cost method and shadow wage method for evaluating rural women's labor. It might provide some information for helping to establish the status of rural women as a income earner through estimating money value of labor contributed by rural women and furthermore, be useful information to improve the efficiency of farm labor by exploring the relationship between value of labor and actual income. Hence, it might help improve the economic situation and life at home of rural women, solve difficulties in the real life and reduce disparity of economic distribution between urban and rural area.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.19-36
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• 2010

Previous studies on women who immigrated through marriage were focused on the frictional issues within the couples and their families as well as language tutoring. However, for the long-term integration of these women into society and the acquisition of status, it is most important to increase their economic value. Indeed many such women are facing economic difficulties, and have a strong desire to participate in economic activities. This study focuses on the economic self-sufficiency of these women through employment and entrepreneurship. We analyze their education level and employment experience and attempt to find the most effective policies to support them. We take particular interest in their entrepreneurial motivation and propose policies and frameworks for supporting their successful enterprise creation.