• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.31-36
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• 2011

I conducted empirical analyses of what happens when an offline channel expands to an online channel and whether the pre-existing offline channel's competitive assets (e.g. brand reputation and level of service satisfaction) can be linked to online channel preference. I found that an offline channel's brand reputation and level of service satisfaction can have a direct influence on offline channel preference and a second-hand influence on online channel preference. Thus, if the competitiveness of the online channel is strong enough and its customers have a higher preference for the offline channel, they will be committed and loyal to the company. The resultant enhanced competitiveness of the offline channel will present opportunities for both present and future success. The main results are the following. First, the management of the distribution channel service quality is more important than that of the brand reputation. Customers' experiences of service and subjective evaluations are not important only as the leading factors in the long-term brand reputation management but also as influential factors in channel preference. SoThus, given that the service quality of the pre-existing channel is not the customers' main concern, a strategy of improving the level of service satisfaction aimed at present customers is more valuable than a wide brand positioning strategy aimed at general and new customers. Second, when an offline channel company establishes an internet shopping mall on an online channel, it is highly likely that the preference and subjective evaluation of the present customers will influence the online channel. This applies not only to the special case of an expansion from an offline intermediary channel to an online one, but also to an online channel acting as an expansion of the business model of a conventional manufacturing or service company: both cases are vertical integrations of marketing channels in an expansion of the distribution channel. My theory applies to a wide range of contexts. Third and finally, any business strategy can grasp the meaning of 'channel expansion. Fundamentally, it is an expansion of the sales activity channel and marketing activity. However, it is also a way of enhancing marketing and sales competitiveness through an expansion to an online or offline channel. The expansion of an offline company to an online channel could be seen not as improvement but as an innovation of the business process by which two goals are achieved with one technique. The former is expected to increase the sales of the offline company, and the latter is also expected to increase sales while also contributing to cost reduction.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.259-271
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• 2012

As the society's expectations of business have drastically amplified in recent years, an increasing number of companies have devoted their resources and managerial attention to corporate social responsibility. However, little information bas been reported on consumers' expectations on social responsibility of restaurant companies. This research studied the consumer's perception on the socially responsible business practices of restaurant companies. The research also investigated if the customer's expectations differ based on the types of restaurants. Overall, it was found that the consumers strongly feel the necessities of restaurants' socially responsible activities and publicity of those activities (4.08 and 4.05, respectively, out of 5). They also responded that the socially responsible behaviors of restaurants somewhat affect their purchase decisions (3.74 out of 5). As a result of a principle component analysis, five types of socially responsible activities(i.e., philanthropic responsibility, economic responsibility, community responsibility, environmental protection responsibility, and consumer protection responsibility) were extracted. In addition, the results showed that the consumer's expectations toward socially responsible activities of restaurants differ based on the types of restaurants (multivariate F=4.616, p=0.000).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.36-48
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• 2020

App market has continuously been growth since its launch. The market revenues will reach about 1,000 billion US dollars in 2019. App is a core service for smartphone. Currently, there are more than 1.5 million mobile apps in App platform calling out for attention. So, if you are looking at developing a successful app, you need to have a solid marketing and distribution strategy. Online word of mouth(eWOM) is one of the most effective, powerful App marketing method. eWOM affect potential consumers' decision making, and this effect can spread rapidly through online social network. Despite the increasing research on word of mouth, only few studies have focused on content analysis. Most of studies focused on the causes and acceptance of eWOM and eWOM performance measurement. This study aims to content analysis of mobile apps review In 2013, Google researchers announced Word2Vec. This method has overcome the weakness of previous studies. This is faster and more accurate than traditional methods. This study found out the relationship between mobile app reviews and checked for reactions by Word2vec.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.455-475
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate characteristics of pre-service teachers' cognition about learning through the use of technology by employing a teacher education program in the use of technology-friendly flipped classroom. For this purpose, 45 pre-service teachers participated in the study and they completed both pre- and post-surveys including questions about Technology Adopter Category Index(TACI) and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge(TPACK). They were also asked to write self-reflections on mathematics softwares(Geometer's Sketch Pad(GSP), Geogebra, Cabri 3D). Results show that the teacher education program in the use of technology-friendly flipped classroom affected pre-service teachers' cognitions of TACI and TPACK, and they perceived that technology integration helped students' mathematics learning process. Findings from this study indicate that ideas about how to develop a technology-friendly teacher education program are more specified..

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.1131-1144
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• 2004

In this paper, we investigate a problem with an e-learning system for e-business environments and introduce the solving method of the problem. To be more accurate, existing Web-hosted and ASP (Application Service Provider)-oriented service model is difficult to cooperate and integrate among the different kinds of systems. So we have produced sharable and reusable learning object, they have extracted a principle from pedagogical designs for units of reuse. We call LIO (Learning Item Object). This modeling makes use of a constructing for XML Web Services. So to speak, units of reuse from pedagogical designs are test tutorial, resource, case example, simulation, problem, test, discovery and discussion and then map introduction, fact, try, quiz, test, link-more, tell-more LIO learning object. These typed LIOs are stored in metadata along with the information for a content location. Each one of LIOs is designed with components and exposed in an interface for XML Web services. These services are module applications, which are used a standard SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) and locate any computer over Internet and publish, find and bind to services. This guarantees the interoperation and integration of the different kinds of systems. As a result, the problem of e-learning systems for e-business environments was resolved and then the power of understanding about learning objects based on pedagogical design was increased for learner and instruction designers. And organizations of education hope for particular decreased costs in constructing e-learning systems.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.241-260
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• 2004

Trade portal site is one of the tools which makes it possible for small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) to manage international trade activities more efficiently by using the newest information and telecommunication technology. So Korean SMEs should utilize trade portal sites more actively to promote global competitive power. Based on the theory of service quality and an existing research related to using information technology. this research analyzed the primary factors which affect user's utilization satisfaction in using trade portal sites. According to the results of the empirical study on actual users of the representative trade portal sites by using multiple regression analysis, The primary factors, such as service quality, government policy and cost have affected user's utilization satisfaction in using trade portal site. and user's utilization satisfaction have positive effect on continuous using intention. These research results will provide many useful insights to the managers of trade portal sites, e-trade system developers and government policy makers.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.63-81
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• 2004

The third party logistics(3PL) is generally understood as the logistics activities providing a comprehensive logistics services, all or partly outsourced by the customers on a larger term contract basis, ranging from making logistics strategies to implementing information technology services. A lot of companies in advanced countries such as the U.S.A. or some of the European countries have actively outsourced to logistics service providers in efforts to increase the efficiencies in logistics operation rather than doing themselves. In light of these environments, outsourcing to third parties has become a strategic issue demanding greater attention in corporate boardrooms. First, after deciding their logistics outsourcing, the companies have to set up their aims of 3PL through the development of logistical strategies. Second, the companies must decide service provider that fits to their business environment and conditions. As it is reported that 3PL services will bring a high rate of return and its potential will be more signigicant, providers and users of 3PL services and government ministry should prepare the way of improvement of logistics institution and plan to activate 3PL services to reach the advanced foreign countries level.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.85-94
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• 2011

QoS(Quality of Service) is defined as "The collective effect of service performance which determines the degree of satisfaction of a user of the service" by ITU-T Rec. E.800. While the use of VoIP(Voice Over Internet Protocol) has been widely implemented, persistent problems with QoS are a very important sue which needs to be solved. This research is finding the assignment of VoIP QoS to deduct how to manage the control system and presenting the QoS control process and framework under NGN(Next Generation Network) environment. The trial framework is the modeling of the QoS measurement metrics, instrument, equipment, method of measurement, the series of cycle & the methodology about analysis of the result of measurement. This research underlines that the vulnerability of the VoIP protocol in relation to its QoS can be guaranteed when the product quality and management are controlled and measured systematically. Especially it's very important time to maintain the research about VoIP QoS measurement and control because the big conversion of new network technology paradigm is now spreading. In addition, when the proposed method is applied, it can reduce an overall delay and can contribute to improved service quality, in relation to signal, voice processing, filtering more effectively.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.153-172
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• 2021

Various competencies such as critical thinking, systems thinking, problem solving competence, communication skill, and data literacy are likely to be required in the 4th industrial revolution. The competency regarding data literacy is one of those competencies. To nurture citizens who will live in the future, it is timely to consider research on teacher education for supporting teachers' development of statistical thinking as well as statistical knowledge. Therefore, in this study we developed and implemented a data analysis project for pre-service teachers to understand their changes in statistical knowledge in addition to their experiences of data-driven decision making process that required them utilizing their statistical thinking. We used a mixed method (i.e., sequential explanatory design) research to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data collected. The findings indicated that pre-service teachers have low knowledge level of their understanding on the relationship between population means and sample means, and estimation of the population mean and its interpretation. When it comes to the data-driven decision making process, we found that the pre-service teachers' experiences varied even when they worked as a small group for the project. We end this paper by presenting implications of the study for the fields of teacher education and statistics education.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.179-201
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• 1999

CALS/EC is about doing business electronically. It is based on the electronic processing and transmission of data, including text, sound and video. It encompasses many diverse activities including electronic trading of goods and services, online delivery of digital content, electronic fund transfers, electronic share trading, electronic bills of lading, commercial auctions, collaborative design and engineering, online sourcing, public procuremet, direct consumer marketing, and after-sales service. It involves both products(e.g. consumer goods, specialised medical equipment) and services(e.g. information services, financial and legal services); traditional activities(e.g. healthcare, education) and new activities (e.g. virtual malls). CALS/EC will be emerging to replace and substitute the role of the conventional market. By changing and eliminating some processes of the transactions, the electronic market and the electronic commerce will redistribute the power and hence the benefits of the market activities. Traditional way of doing business may enter into the new electronic market because the role and function of trust and established reputation will be reinforced in the electronic market. The CALS/EC through the Internet has been in the spotlight in the shopping behavior of the consumers. Accordingly Corporates are trying to adapt themselves to those rapidly changing environments being affected by the Internet. Among others, particularly to be noted is the CALS/EC between corporations and consumers whose potential growth can be considered very substantial. This report, focusing on the introduction of CALS/EC for the logistics of SMEs, will allow us to prepare more efficiently for the coming 21st Century. It is obvious that CALS/EC is fast becoming the useful way of exchanging not only information but products in business between firm-to-firm and firm-to-customer.