• 대한음성학회지:말소리
• /
• 제29_30호
• /
• pp.19-42
• /
• 1995

This paper deals with the current phonological theory named the elementary theory Before manipulating this theory with highest depth, we need to discuss the distinctive feature theory which can be estimated as playing a central role in the standard generative trends. En the element-based phonological theory, the followings might act as tile main traits in differentiating it from other theories: the notion of phonological opposition is regarded as privative one, treating the univalent element as an analysing unit in a phonological process instead of distinctive features, and the nile convention in standard theory is replaced by the element. In chapter 2, a brief history of generative theory is to be described with respect to the merits and demerits of the distinctive feature theory. In chapter 3, After dealing with the current tendency and some prominent aspects of each element theory, a couple of problems thought to be confronted by the distinctive feature theory And the analysing method taken from the element-based theory which may be regarded currently as the alternative to the problems mentioned above will be discussed mainly, The government-based theory introduced by KLV(1985, 1988) may be the main target in discussing the current topic.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
• /
• 제29_30호
• /
• pp.43-60
• /
• 1995

Standard generative phonologists assumed that there were no orders or hierarchies among distinctive features. This means that the distinctive features which make up a segment are independent and unordered. The unordered linear matrix cannot explain phonological phenomena such as complex segments as hierarchical representation does neatly. The hierarchical feature representation theory which embodies the concept of multi-tiered phonological representation organizes distinctive features in the appearance of hierarchical dominance. This paper aims to show how we can solve some problems of the linear feature representation. As regard underlying representation the theory of underspecification is discussed. I propose a feature hierarchy similar to that of Sagey(1986) but slightly different. I show English consonantal assimilation in feature hierarchical model compared with that of feature changing theory of linear representation.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.157-169
• /
• 2013

Using a target detection task, this study compared the processing automaticity of phonemes and features in spoken syllable stimuli to determine the primitive representation in speech perception, phoneme or distinctive feature. For this, we modified the visual search task(Treisman et al., 1992) developed to investigate the processing of visual features(ex. color, shape or their conjunction) for auditory stimuli. In our task, the distinctive features(ex. aspiration or coronal) corresponded to visual primitive features(ex. color and shape), and the phonemes(ex. /$t^h$/) to visual conjunctive features(ex. colored shapes). The automaticity is measured by the set size effect that was the increasing amount of reaction time when the number of distracters increased. Three experiments were conducted. The laryngeal features(experiment 1), the manner features(experiment 2), and the place features(experiment 3) were compared with phonemes. The results showed that the distinctive features are consistently processed faster and automatically than the phonemes. Additionally there were differences in the processing automaticity among the classes of distinctive features. The laryngeal features are the most automatic, the manner features are moderately automatic and the place features are the least automatic. These results are consistent with the previous studies(Bae et al., 2002; Bae, 2010) that showed the perceptual hierarchy of distinctive features.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.117-131
• /
• 2003

The feature tenseness has long been a controversial issue. Many scholars have hardly accepted tenseness as a distinctive feature, due to the absence of its consistent and objective phonetic evidence especially in English. Instead, they claim that voicing is the primary feature and even say that no other feature can-be independent of voicing. However, voicing feature does not explain everything and significant aerodynamic and physiological correlates of the feature tenseness have been reported in English as well as in some other languages that have the tense/lax distinction in their obstruents. It is suggested that voicing is a simple and direct feature while tenseness is a complex and indirect feature and its autonomy as a distinctive feature should be acknowledged. This will enable us to describe the phonetic reality more properly across languages as well as in individual languages.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제2권
• /
• pp.109-124
• /
• 1997

This paper shows how a distinctive feature model can effectively be implemented into speech understanding within the framework of the Optimality Theory(OT); i.e., to show how distinctive features can optimally be extracted from given speech signals, and how segments can be chosen as the optimal ones among plausible candidates. This paper will also show how the sequence of segments can successfully be matched with optimal words in a lexicon.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2004

The force of articulation is different between voiced and voiceless consonants in the binary opposition system. However, the Korean voiceless stop consonants have a triple opposition system: lenis, aspirated, and glottalized. The aim of this study is to find the primary distinctive feature between the force of articulation and the aspiration for the three different types of Korean stops. Two native speakers of the Seoul dialect participated to this study. The corpus was composed of less than eight syllabic words containing consonants in word-initial position and intervocalic position. Radiocinematography and Mingography were used to analyze the articulatory tension and acoustic characteristics. Korean stops have independent features of articulatory tension and aspiration, in which the indices are different according to position. However, in this system which does not have the opposition of sonority, the force of articulation is the primary distinctive feature and the feature of aspiration is subsidiary.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.35-43
• /
• 2010

고유얼굴 기반 얼굴 인식 방법과 같은 얼굴 형태 기반 얼굴 인식 방법에 사용되는 1차원 PCA는 고차원의 얼굴 형태 데이터 벡터들의 처리로 인하여 부정확한 얼굴 표현과 과도한 계산량을 초래할 수 있다. 이에 개선 방안의 하나로 2차원 PCA 기반 얼굴 인식 방법이 개발되었다. 그러나 단순한 2차원 PCA 적용으로 얻어진 얼굴 표현 모델에는 얼굴 공통 특성 성분과 개인 식별 특성 성분이 모두 포함된다. 얼굴 공통 특성 성분은 오히려 개인 식별 능력을 방해할 수가 있고 또한 인식 처리 시간의 증가를 초래한다. 본 논문에서는 2차원 PCA 적용으로 얻어진 얼굴 특성 공간에서 얼굴 공통 특성 영향이 분리된 얼굴 고유 식별 특성 부분공간 모델을 개발하고 개발된 모델에 기반한 새로운 강인한 얼굴 인식 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 얼굴 고유식별 특성 부분공간 모델 기반 얼굴 인식 방법은 얼굴 고유 식별 특성에만 주로 의존하기 때문에 기존 1차원 PCA 및 2차원 PCA 기반 얼굴 인식 방법보다 얼굴 인식 성능 및 인식 속도에 대해서 더 우수한 성능을 보인다. 이는 다양한 조명 조건하에 다양한 얼굴 자세를 갖는 얼굴 이미지들로 구성된 Yale A 및 IMM 얼굴 데이터베이스를 이용한 실험을 통해 확인하였다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.109-118
• /
• 2010

Using a speeded classification task (Garner, 1978), we investigated the perceptual interaction of distinctive features in Korean consonants. The main questions of this study were whether listeners can perceptually identify the component features that make up complex consonant sounds, whether these features are processed independently or dependently and whether there is a systematic hierarchy in their dependency. Participants were asked to classify syllables based on their difference in distinctive features in the task. Reaction times for this task were also gathered. For example, participants classified spoken syllables /ta/ and /pa/ as one category and /$t^ha$/ and /$p^ha$/ as another in terms of aspiration condition. In terms of articulation, participants classified /ta/ and /$t^ha$/ as one category and /pa/ and /$p^ha$/ as another. We assumed that the difference between their RTs represents their interdependency. We compared the laryngeal features and place features (Experiment 1), resonance features and place features (Experiment 2), and manner features and laryngeal features (Experiment 3). The results showed that distinctive features were not perceived in a completely independent way, but they had an asymmetric and hierarchical interdependency. The laryngeal features were found to be more independent compared to place and manner features. We discuss these results in the context of perceptual basis in phonology.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.1397-1409
• /
• 2017

For text categorization task, distinctive text features selection is important due to feature space high dimensionality. It is important to decrease the feature space dimension to decrease processing time and increase accuracy. In the current study, for text categorization task, we introduce a novel statistical feature selection approach. This approach measures the term distribution in all collection documents, the term distribution in a certain category and the term distribution in a certain class relative to other classes. The proposed method results show its superiority over the traditional feature selection methods.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.265-272
• /
• 1993

We present a new waveform detection method, based on the search of distinctive line-segments. The method is based on the basic assumption that the waveform morphology of biological signals is readily characterized by a sequence of the distinctive line-segments and their structural features. In this method, the distinctive line-segments are first searched for, and a structural feature analysis is performed an the distinctive line-segments found. Experiments of detecting epileptic spikes were carried out to evaluate the detection per formance of the method. Two subjects were used for training and tuning the algorithm and four subjects for testing the method. The results were obtained on two different performance indices, detection ratio and the number of false detections per minute.