• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2022

Ulva compressa Linnaeus (UCL) is a green algae seaweed that performs photosynthesis and is used as a food material in some Asian regions including Korea. It is known to be the dominant species in copper ion-contaminated seas, and many studies on copper ion resistant mechanisms have been reported. UCL is known to have an excellent antioxidant effect, but limited information is available regarding its other physiological activities. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of 30% prethanol extracts of Ulva compressa Linnaeus (30% PeUCL) and the underlying mechanisms of its activity on human FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. The 30% PeUCL extracts suppressed FaDu cell viability without affecting normal cells (L929), as determined by MTT and viability assays. Furthermore, the 30% PeUCL extracts induced apoptosis, as determined by DAPI staining. The 30% PeUCL extracts inhibited colony formation effectively as well as wound-healing of FaDu cells, even at noncytotoxic concentrations. In addition, 30% PeUCL extracts induced apoptosis significantly through proteolytic cleavage of caspase-3, -7, and -9, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and by downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax in FaDu cells, as determined by Western blot analysis. Collectively, these results suggest that the inhibitory effect of 30% PeUCL extracts on the growth of oral cancer cells, colony formation and wound-healing may be mediated by caspase- and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways in human FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. Therefore, 30% PeUCL extracts can be administered as a natural chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of human oral cancers.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.137-140
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• 1982

두과목초의 근류균 접종방법 개선책의 일환으로써 3수준의 근류균농도, 즉 10, 20, 30%; 3종류의 접착제 즉 gum arabic, methyl cellulose 및 carboxy methyl cellulose; 그리고 4종류의 석회와 calcium carbonate를 포함한 5종류의 피복재료를 사용하여 근류균을 접종한 후에 plate count법으로 생존하고 있던 근류세포수를 측정하여 그 효과를 평가하였던 바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. New Zealand산 peat slurry의 근류균을 사용할 경우 근류균을 10%에서 3.5$\times$$10^9$ 개로써 표준에 가까운 근류균수를 확보할 수 있었다. 2. 접착제로서 gum arabic은 40% 용액에서 methyl cellulose는 5% 용액 그리고 carboxy methyl cellulose는 4% 용액으로 사용하였을 때 최대착생수를 나타내었으나 그 중에서 methyl cellulose 5% 용액이 적합한 것으로 보였다. 3. 피복재료로서 치과용석회(Lime A)는 타재료에 비하여 양호한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.10.1-10.11
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the color stability, solubility, and surface characteristics of 3 calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) after immersion in different solutions. Materials and Methods: ProRoot white mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, and Endosequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) were placed in cylindrical molds and stored at 37℃ for 24 hours. Each specimen was immersed in distilled water, 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine, or 0.1% octenidine hydrochloride (OCT) for 24 hours. Color changes were measured with a spectrophotometer. Solubility was determined using an analytical balance with 10^-5 g accuracy. The surface characteristics were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Data were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance, the Tukey test, and the paired t-test. Results: MTA exhibited significant discoloration in contact with NaOCl (p < 0.05). White precipitation occurred on the surfaces of Biodentine and ERRM after contact with the solutions, and none of the materials presented dark brown discoloration. All materials showed significant solubility after immersion in the solutions (p < 0.05), irrespective of the solution type (p > 0.05). The surface topography and elemental composition of the samples showed different patterns of crystal formation and precipitation depending on the solution type. Conclusions: All materials presented some amount of solubility and showed crystal precipitation after contact with the solutions. Biodentine and ERRM are suitable alternatives to ProRoot MTA as they do not exhibit discoloration. The use of OCT can be considered safe for CSCs.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.36.1-36.17
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aging on the marginal quality of glass hybrid (GH) material used to elevate dentin gingival margins, and to analyze the consistency of the results obtained by 3 in vitro methods. Materials and Methods: Ten teeth received compound class II cavities with subgingival margins. The dentin gingival margins were elevated with GH, followed by resin composite. The GH/gingival dentin interfaces were examined through digital microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using resin replicas, and according to the World Dental Federation (FDI) criteria. After initial evaluations, all teeth were subjected to 10,000 thermal cycles, followed by repeating the same marginal evaluations and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis for the interfacial zone of 2 specimens. Marginal quality was expressed as the percentage of continuous margin at ×200 for microscopic techniques and as the frequency of each score for FDI ranking. Data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Pearson and Spearmen correlation coefficients. Results: None of the testing techniques proved the significance of the aging factor. Moderate and strong significant correlations were found between the testing techniques. The EDS results suggested the presence of an ion-exchange layer along the GH/gingival dentin interface of aged specimens. Conclusions: The marginal quality of the GH/dentin gingival interface defied aging by thermocycling. The replica SEM and FDI ranking results had stronger correlations with each other than either showed with the digital microscopy results.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.324-331
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of implants placed in horizontally augmented alveolar ridges using porcine bone grafts and to investigate the long-term stability of the porcine bone grafts. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 49 sites that underwent horizontal ridge augmentation using porcine bone grafts and implant placement with a follow-up period longer than 5 years. Furthermore, additional analysis was conducted on 24 sites where porcine bone grafts were used exclusively for horizontal ridge augmentation and implant placement. Results: The mean follow-up period after prosthesis loading was 67.5 months, with a mean marginal bone loss of 0.23 mm at 1 year and a cumulative mean marginal bone loss of 0.40 mm over the entire follow-up period. Of the 49 implants, 2 were lost and 3 did not meet the success criteria, resulting in a survival rate of 95.9% and a success rate of 89.8%. In 24 sites, the mean marginal bone loss was 0.23 mm at 1 year and 0.41 mm at 65.8 months, with 100% survival and success rates. Conclusion: Porcine bone grafts can be successfully used in horizontal ridge augmentation for implant placement in cases of ridges with insufficient horizontal width.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.201-211
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• 2024

PURPOSE. The aim of this prospective clinical study was to compare the influence of palatal vault forms on accuracy and speed of intraoral (IO) scans in completely edentulous cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Based on the palatal vault form, participants were divided into three equal groups (n = 10 each); Class I: moderate; Class II: deep; Class III: flat palatal vault. A reference model was created for each patient using polyvinylsiloxane impression material. The poured models were digitized using an extraoral scanner. The resultant data were imported as a solid CAD file into 3D analysis software (GOM Inspect 2018; Gom GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany) and aligned using the software's coordinate system to determine its X, Y, and Z axes. Five digital impressions (DIs) of maxilla were captured for each patient using an intraoral scanner (TRIOS; 3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark) and the resultant Standard Tessellation Language (STL) scan files served as test models. Trueness was evaluated by calculating arithmetic mean deviation (AMD) of the vault area between reference and test files while precision was evaluated by calculating AMD between captured scans to measure repeatability of scan acquisition. The scan time taken for each participant was also recorded. RESULTS. There was no significant difference in trueness and precision among the groups (P = .806 and .950, respectively). Average scan time for Class I and III palatal vaults was 1 min 13 seconds and 1 min 37 seconds, respectively, while class II deep palatal vaults showed the highest scan time of 5 mins. CONCLUSION. Palatal vault form in edentulous cases has an influence on scan time. However, it does not have a substantial impact on the accuracy of the acquired scans.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.167-175
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• 1998

목적 : 원발성 혹은 재발한 부인과암(자궁경부암, 질암, 및 외음부암)에서 질부위의 병소에 추가선량를 조사하기 위한 기존의 방법들 즉, 실린더(cylinder)를 이용한 강내치료와 바늘(needle)을 사용한 조직내 평면삽입(Single plane Implant)만으로는 이상적인 선량분포를 얻기 힘든 경우가 많다. 저자들은 방광 및 직장에 대한 조사선량을 최소화하면서 질내의 병소에 국한하여 고선량의 방사선을 효과적으로 조사하기 위해 체적삽입(Volume Implant)이 가능한 기구(applicator 혹은 template)를 고안, 자체 제작하여 사용하고 있으며 이를 소개하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 1994년 8월부터 1998년 2월까지 9명의 환자를 대상으로 아주대학교병원에서 조직내 방사선치료를 시행하였다 이들은 질벽에 재발한 자궁경부암(5명), 원발성 자궁경부암(3명), 원발성 질암(1명)으로 치료받았다. 첫 3명의 환자는 기구없이 바늘을 평면삽입하였고 이후에는 병변의 위치 및 크기 등을 고려할 때 주위정상조직에 대한 선량을 줄이면서 종양에는 균등한 선량 분포로 고선량의 방사선을 조사하기 위해서는 체적삽입이 유리할 것으로 판단되어 기구를 고안, 자체 제작하였다. 바늘은 일반적인 조직내 삽입용(Microselectron, Nucletron)을 사용하였고 이는 저선량율(LDR) 및 고선량율(HDR) 근접치료 모두에서 사용 가능하였다. 6명중 3명은 50cc 주사기를 이용하여 만든 초기 단계의 기구를 사용하였다(1차 형태). 이러한 초기 단계의 기구는 표면이 매끈하지 못하여 질점막을 손상시킬 수 있고 바늘 삽입후 기구가 움직이지 않도록 회음부에 고정시키는 날개부위가 없는 단점이 있었다. 나머지 3명의 환자는 이러한 단점을 보완하고 종양의 크기 및 위치에 따라 좀 더 많은 바늘을 삽입할 수 있도록 새롭게 고안한 기구를 사용하였다 (2차 형태). 재료는 투명 아크릴 혹은 치과용 몰드(mold) 소재($Provil^{(R)}$)를 사용하였으며 회음부에 기구를 고정시키기 위한 날개를 만들었다. 2차 형태의 기구를 사용한 환자중 마지막 1명은 종양의 위치를 고려하여 삽입할 수 있는 바늘의 갯수를 증가시켜서 새로이 제작하였다 실제로 환자에게 시술하기 전에 예비치료계획을 시행하여 필요한 동위원소의 수량 및 배열을 결정하였다. 결과 : 자체 제작한 기구를 사용함으로써 바늘을 일정간격으로 삽입하는 것이 용이해졌으며 시술시간을 단축시킬 수 있고 삽입방향이 잘못되어 여러번 바늘을 찌르는 경우가 적어져 조직에 대한 손상을 줄일 수 있었다. 손쉽게 구할 수 있는 재료를 사용하여 병소에 따라 개별화간 가능한 값싸고 유용한 기구의 제작이 가능함을 확인하였으며 이를 통해 좀 더 이상적인 선량분포곡선을 얻을 수 있었다. 3명의 환자에서 바늘 삽입후 컴퓨터 단층촬영을 시행하여 배열의 정확성과 방광 및 직장에 조사되는 선량을 감소시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. 마지막 추적관찰시 원발성 종양으로 치료받았던 3명의 환자 모두가 국소제어되었으나 재발하여 치료하였던 경우에는 모두 국소재발하였다. 결론 : 저자들은 부인과암에서 근접치료시 환자의 종양 특성에 따라 기구를 적절하게 고안하여 적은 비용으로 비교적 손쉽게 자체 제작하여 사용함으로써 효과적인 조직내 삽입 방사선치료를 시행할 수 있었다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2009

Purpose: Rehabilitation of the edentulous posterior maxilla with dental implants often poses difficulty because of insufficient bone volume caused by pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and by crestal bone resorption. Sinus grafting technique was developed to increase the vertical height to overcome this problem. The present study was designed to evaluate the sinus floor augmentation with anorganic bovine bone (Bio-$cera^{TM}$) using histomorphometric and clinical measures. Patients and methods: Thirteen patients were involved in this study and underwent total 14 sinus lift procedures. Residual bone height was ${\geq}2mm$ and ${\leq}6mm$. Lateral window approach was used, with grafting using Bio-$cera^{TM}$ only(n=1) or mixed with autogenous bone from ramus and/or maxillary tuberosity(n=13). After 6 months of healing, implant sites were created with 3mm diameter trephine and biopsies taken for histomorphometric analysis. The parameters assessed were area fraction of new bone, graft material and connective tissue. Immediate and 6 months after grafting surgery, and 6 months after implantation, computed tomography (CT) was taken and the sinus graft was evaluated morphometric analysis. After implant installation at the grafted area, the clinical outcome was checked. Results: Histomorphometry was done in ten patients.Bio-$cera^{TM}$ particles were surrounded by newly formed bone. The graft particles and newly formed bone were surrounded by connective tissue including small capillaries in some fields. Imaging processing revealed $24.86{\pm}7.59%$ of new bone, $38.20{\pm}13.19%$ connective tissue, and $36.92{\pm}14.51%$ of remaining Bio-$cera^{TM}$ particles. All grafted sites received an implant, and in all cases sufficient bone height was achieved to install implants. The increase in ridge height was about $15.9{\pm}1.8mm$ immediately after operation (from 13mm to 19mm). After 6 months operation, ridge height was reduced about $11.5{\pm}13.5%$. After implant installation, average marginal bone loss after 6 months was $0.3{\pm}0.15mm$. Conclusion: Bio-$cera^{TM}$ showed new bone formation similar with Bio-$Oss^{(R)}$ histomorphometrically and appeared to be an effective bone substitute in maxillary sinus augmentation procedure with the residual bone height from 2 to 6mm.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.169-181
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• 2007

Statement of problem: Titanium is well known as a proper metal for the dental restorations, because it has an excellent biocompatibility, resistance to corrosion, and mechanical property. However, adhesion between titanium and dental porcelains is related to the diffusion of oxygen to the reaction layers formed on cast-titanium surfaces during porcelain firing and those oxidized layers make the adhesion difficult to be formed. Many studies using mechanical, chemical and physical methods to enhance the titanium-ceramic adhesion have been actively performed. Purpose: This study meant to comparatively analyse the adhesion characteristics depending on different titanium surface coatings after coating the casts and wrought titanium surfaces with Au and TiN. Material and method: In this study, the titanium specimens (CP-Ti, Grade 2, Kobe still Co. Japan) were categorized into cast and wrought titanium. The wrought titanium was cast by using the MgO-based investment(Selevest CB, Selec). The cast and wrought titanium were treated with Au coating($ParaOne^{(R)}$., Gold Ion Sputter, Model PS-1200) and TiN coating(ATEC system, Korea) and the ultra low fusing dental porcelain was fused and fired onto the samples. Biaxial flection test was done on the fired samples and the porcelain was separated. The adhesion characteristics of porcelain and titanium after firing and the specimen surfaces before and after the porcelain fracture test were observed with SEM. The atomic percent of Si on all sample surfaces was comparatively analysed by EDS. In addition, the constituents of specimen surface layers after the porcelain fracture and the formed compound were evaluated by X-ray diffraction diagnosis. Result: The results of this study were obtained as follows : 1. The surface characteristics of cast and wrought titanium after surface treatment(Au, TiN, $Al_2O_3$ sandblasting) were similar and each cast and wrought titanium showed similar bonding characteristics. 2. Before and after the biaxial flection test, the highest atomic weight change of Si component was found in $Al_2O_3$ sandblasted wrought titanium(28.6at.% $\rightarrow$ 8.3at.%). On the other hand, the least change was seen in Au-Pd-In alloy(24.5at.% $\rightarrow$ 9.1at.%). 3. Much amount of Si components was uniformly distributed in Au and TiN coated titanium, but less amount of Si's was unevenly dispersed on Al2O3 sandblasting surfaces. 4. In X-ray diffraction diagnosis after porcelain debonding, we could see $Au_2Ti$ compound and TiN coating layers on Au and TiN coated surfaces and $TiO_2$, typical oxide of titanium, on all titanium surfaces. 5. Debonding of porcelain on cast and wrought titanium surface after the biaxial flection is considered as a result of adhesion deterioration between coating layers and titanium surfaces. We found that there are both adhesive failure and cohesive failure at the same time. Conclusion: These results showed that the titanium-ceramic adhesion could be improved by coating cast and wrought titanium surfaces with Au and TiN when making porcelain fused to metal crowns. In order to use porcelain fused to titanium clinically, it is considered that coating technique to enhance the bonding strength between coating kKlayers and titanium surfaces should be developed first.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.45-58
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• 2013

교합접촉 분석에 이용되는 T-Scan $III^{(R)}$ (Tekscan, South Boston, MA, USA)의 정확도 및 신뢰도를 Add picture 방법을 통해 평가하였다. 두 방법에서 공통적인 교합접촉점의 분포 및 교합접촉면적을 비교하여 교합진단 및 조정 술식에서 T-Scan 방법의 적용 시 고려점을 밝히고자 하였다. Angle I급 교합관계, 정상치열자 한 사람의 구강을 대상으로 부가중합형 실리콘인상재를 이용하여 상하악치열궁을 10회 인상채득하였으며, 10쌍의 초경석고 모형을 제작하였다. 자체제작한 하중장치에 모형을 자석과 경석고를 이용하여 부착한 후 최대감합위와 최대교합력을 재현하기 위해 78.9kg의 하중을 가하였다. T-Scan 측정 시에는 상하악 모형과 T-Scan 센서의 위치가 변하지 않는 상태에서 2번 반복 측정하였다. Add Picture의 경우 상하악모형을 동일한 하중을 가하여 최대감합위에서 폴리이써 교합인기재를 이용하여 교합을 인기하였다. 교합접촉 양상은 접촉점 수와 총 교합면적에 대한 접촉면적 백분율을 측정하여 비교하였다. T-Scan 방법은 포토샵 프로그램 상에서 픽셀수를 계산하여 색상에 따른 면적을, Add picture 방법은 빛 투과 정도에 따라 인상재 두께를 $0{\sim}10{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}30{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}60{\mu}m$의 3가지로 나누고, 이에 따른 면적을 실측하여 계산하였다. 총 교합면면적은 접촉면을 표시한 모형의 촬영상에서 픽셀수를 계산하여 함께 촬영된 격자를 기준으로 제곱미터값으로 변환하였다. 대응표본 t-검정을 이용하여 통계분석하였다. T-Scan 방법에서 분홍색상 및 붉은 색상으로 표시된 면적의 일부가 Add picture 방법에서 $0{\sim}10{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}30{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}60{\mu}m$의 상하악 치아 간 거리에 해당하는 면적에 상응하였다. 교합접촉점 분포 비교 시 T-Scan 방법과 Add picture 방법은 유사하였다. 교합접촉면적 비교 시 T-Scan 방법에서 확대된 결과가 관찰되었으며, 전체교합면적에 대한 접촉면적 백분율 비교에서도 T-Scan 방법과 Add picture 방법의 백분율값은 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<.05). T-Scan에서 분홍색상 및 붉은 색상으로 표시된 부위의 면적값은 Add picture의 $0{\sim}10{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}30{\mu}m$ 부위의 면적값보다 크고(P<.05), $0{\sim}60{\mu}m$ 부위와는 유사한 값을 보였다(P>.05). T-Scan에서의 교합접촉상은 실제보다 확대되어 나타났으며, 따라서 교합접촉에 대한 진단 및 조정 술식에서 보조적인 수단으로 활용하는 것이 추천된다.