DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Occlusal Contacts Using Add-picture Method

Add-picture 방법을 이용한 교합접촉점 분석

  • Park, Ko-Woon (Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Cho, Lee-Ra (Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Gon (Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Park, Chan-Jin (Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
  • 박고운 (강릉원주대학교 치과대학 치과보철학교실 및 구강과학연구소) ;
  • 조리라 (강릉원주대학교 치과대학 치과보철학교실 및 구강과학연구소) ;
  • 김대곤 (강릉원주대학교 치과대학 치과보철학교실 및 구강과학연구소) ;
  • 박찬진 (강릉원주대학교 치과대학 치과보철학교실 및 구강과학연구소)
  • Received : 2012.12.15
  • Accepted : 2013.03.25
  • Published : 2013.03.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the area of occlusal contact points using visual method. One subject was selected who had Angle Class I, normal dentition, without dental caries, periodontal disease and temporomandibular disorders. Forty times PVS impressions were taken and 10 pairs casts were fabricated using dental super hard stone. After mounting the casts with customized loading apparatus, 78.9kg/f force was loaded as a maximum biting force. In T-Scan method, occlusal contact points measurement was repeated twice. Then, using Photoshop program (Adobe photoshop CS3, Adobe. San Jose, USA), the pixels which indicated occlusal contact points by color was recognized, and the distribution of recognized pixels were calculated to area. In Add picture method, polyether bite material applied to the occlusal surface of the casts. Then, the image of the translucent areas was recorded and classified $0{\sim}10{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}30{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}60{\mu}m$ area by the amount of transmitted light. To acquire occlusal surface, the numbers of pixels from the photograph of the contact area indicated cast converted to $mm^2$. The mean occlusal contact area by two methods was statistically analyzed (paired t-test). Part of the red and pink area in T-Scan image were almost equivalent to the $0{\sim}10{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}30{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}60{\mu}m$ area in Add picture image. The distribution of occlusal contact points were similar, but the average area of occlusal contact points was wider in T-scan image (P<.05). Pink and red area in T-scan image was wider than $0{\sim}10{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}30{\mu}m$ area in Add picture image (P<.05), but similar to $0{\sim}60{\mu}m$area in Add picture image (P>.05). Occlusal contact points in T-scan image did not indicate real occlusal contact points. Occlusal contact areas in T-scan method were enlarged results comparing with those in Add picture method.

교합접촉 분석에 이용되는 T-Scan $III^{(R)}$ (Tekscan, South Boston, MA, USA)의 정확도 및 신뢰도를 Add picture 방법을 통해 평가하였다. 두 방법에서 공통적인 교합접촉점의 분포 및 교합접촉면적을 비교하여 교합진단 및 조정 술식에서 T-Scan 방법의 적용 시 고려점을 밝히고자 하였다. Angle I급 교합관계, 정상치열자 한 사람의 구강을 대상으로 부가중합형 실리콘인상재를 이용하여 상하악치열궁을 10회 인상채득하였으며, 10쌍의 초경석고 모형을 제작하였다. 자체제작한 하중장치에 모형을 자석과 경석고를 이용하여 부착한 후 최대감합위와 최대교합력을 재현하기 위해 78.9kg의 하중을 가하였다. T-Scan 측정 시에는 상하악 모형과 T-Scan 센서의 위치가 변하지 않는 상태에서 2번 반복 측정하였다. Add Picture의 경우 상하악모형을 동일한 하중을 가하여 최대감합위에서 폴리이써 교합인기재를 이용하여 교합을 인기하였다. 교합접촉 양상은 접촉점 수와 총 교합면적에 대한 접촉면적 백분율을 측정하여 비교하였다. T-Scan 방법은 포토샵 프로그램 상에서 픽셀수를 계산하여 색상에 따른 면적을, Add picture 방법은 빛 투과 정도에 따라 인상재 두께를 $0{\sim}10{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}30{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}60{\mu}m$의 3가지로 나누고, 이에 따른 면적을 실측하여 계산하였다. 총 교합면면적은 접촉면을 표시한 모형의 촬영상에서 픽셀수를 계산하여 함께 촬영된 격자를 기준으로 제곱미터값으로 변환하였다. 대응표본 t-검정을 이용하여 통계분석하였다. T-Scan 방법에서 분홍색상 및 붉은 색상으로 표시된 면적의 일부가 Add picture 방법에서 $0{\sim}10{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}30{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}60{\mu}m$의 상하악 치아 간 거리에 해당하는 면적에 상응하였다. 교합접촉점 분포 비교 시 T-Scan 방법과 Add picture 방법은 유사하였다. 교합접촉면적 비교 시 T-Scan 방법에서 확대된 결과가 관찰되었으며, 전체교합면적에 대한 접촉면적 백분율 비교에서도 T-Scan 방법과 Add picture 방법의 백분율값은 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<.05). T-Scan에서 분홍색상 및 붉은 색상으로 표시된 부위의 면적값은 Add picture의 $0{\sim}10{\mu}m$, $0{\sim}30{\mu}m$ 부위의 면적값보다 크고(P<.05), $0{\sim}60{\mu}m$ 부위와는 유사한 값을 보였다(P>.05). T-Scan에서의 교합접촉상은 실제보다 확대되어 나타났으며, 따라서 교합접촉에 대한 진단 및 조정 술식에서 보조적인 수단으로 활용하는 것이 추천된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Park SJ, Jung JH. Occlusal analysis of patients with temporomandibular dysfunction by use of T-Scan System. J Korean Acad Prosthodont 1991;29:121-
  2. Chai YA, Park NS, Choi BB. A study of the occlusal contact pattern during mandibular movement of adult with normal occlusion. J Korean Acad Prosthodont 1993;31:565-579.
  3. Dawson, P. E. Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Occlusal Problems. Ch. 8: The Plane of Occlusion. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby; 1974. pp. 190-205.
  4. Berry DC, Singh BD. Effect of electromyographic biofeedback therapy on occlusal contacts. J Prosthet Dent 1984;51:397-403. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(84)90230-0
  5. Gazit E, Fitzig S, Lieberman MA. Reproducibility of occlusal marking techniques. J Prosthet Dent 1986;55:505-509. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(86)90188-5
  6. Berry DC, Singh BP. Daily variations in occlusal contacts. J Prosthet Dent 1983;50:386-391. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(83)80099-7
  7. Gary C. Anderson, John K. Schulte, Dorothee M. Aeppli. Reliability of the evaluation of occlusal contacts in the intercuspal position. J Prosthet Dent 1970;70:320-323.
  8. Elizabeth M. Bauer. Posterior Occlusal Changes with a Hawley Vs Perfector/Hawley Retainer: A Followup Study. Saint Louis University, 2008. p.16-24.
  9. Amsterdam, M., Purdum, L.C., Purdum, K.L. The occlusograph: A graphic representation of photocclusion data. J Prosthet Dent 1987;57:94-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(87)90123-5
  10. Gazit E, Lieberman MA. Occlusal contacts following orthodontic treatment. Measured by a photocclusion technique. Angle Orthod 1985;55:316-320.
  11. Maness WL, Benjamin M, Podoloff R. Computerized occlusal analysis: a new technology. Quintessence Int 1987;18:287-292.
  12. Sadamori S, Kotani H, Abekura H, Hamada T. Quantitive analysis of occlusal force balance in intercuspal position using the Dental Prescale system in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Int Chin J Dent 2007;7:43-47.
  13. Hattori Y, Okugawa H, Watanabe M. Occlusal force measurement using Dental Prescale. J Jpn Prosthodont Soc 1994;38: 835-841. https://doi.org/10.2186/jjps.38.835
  14. Okamoto K, Okamoto Y, Shinoda K, Tamura Y. Analysis of occlusal contacts of children by the T-Scan system. (1) The reproducibility of the sensor. Shoni Shikagaku Zasshi 1990;28:975-983.
  15. Maeda Y, Ohtani T, Okada M, Emura I, Sogo M, Mori T, Yoshida M, Nokubi T, Okuno Y. Clinical application of T-scan System. 1. Sensitivity and reproducibility and its application. Osaka Daigaku Shigaku Zasshi 1989;34:378-384.
  16. Kurt Rottner, Ernst-Jurgen Richter. Effect of occlusal morphology on the accuracy of bite force measurements using thin film transducers. Int J Prosthodont 2004;17:518-523.
  17. Tosa J, Tanaka M, Murata Y, Takada H, Kawazoe T. Reliability of computer-aided video system for measuring intraocclusal distances. J Jpn Prosthodont Soc 1993; 37: 1259-1264. https://doi.org/10.2186/jjps.37.1259
  18. Shannon Owens, Peter H. Buschang, Gaylord S. Throckmorton, Leslea Palmer, Jeryl English. Masticatory performance and areas of occlusal contact and near contact in subjects with normal occlusion and malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;121:602-609. https://doi.org/10.1067/mod.2002.122829
  19. Sakaguchi RL, Anderson GC, DeLong R. Digital imaging of occlusal contacts in the intercuspal position. J Prosthodont 1994;3:193-197. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.1994.tb00154.x
  20. Tosa J, Takada H, Murata Y, Tanaka M, Kawazoe T. Investigation of occlusal contact in patient with temporomandibular disorders using add-Picture method. Proceeding of Japanese Society of Stomatognathic Function 1988;7: 119-124.
  21. Tosa J, Tanaka M, Murata Y, Shao M, Ueda N, Kawazoe T. Visualization of occlusal contacs on a TV monitor. J Jpn Prosthodont Soc 1987;31:1553- 1557. https://doi.org/10.2186/jjps.31.1553
  22. Sato S, Ohta M, Sawatari M, Kawamura H, Motegi K. Occlusal contact area, occlusal pressure, bite force, and masticatory efficiency in patients with anterior disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint. J Oral Rehabil 1999;26:906-911. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.1999.00481.x
  23. Kim KS, Choi JH , Kim ST, Kim CY, Ahn HJ. Bite force, occlusal contact area and occlusal pressure of patients with temporomandibular joint internal derangement. Korean Journal of Oral Medicine 2006;31:265-274.
  24. Ehrlich, J., Taicher, S. Intercuspal contacts of the natural dentition in centric occlusion. J Prosthet Dent 1981;45:419 - 421. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(81)90104-9
  25. Chapman RJ. Principles of occlusion for implant prostheses : guideline for position, timing, and force of occlusal contacts. Quintessence Int 1989;20:473 - 480.
  26. Kim KS, Kim CW. An experimental study on occlusal and vertical changes after denture processing. J Korean Acad Prosthodont1990;28:77 - 89.
  27. McLean, L.F., Brenman, H.S., Friedman, M.G.F. : Effects of changing body position on dental occlusion. J Dent Res 1973;52:1041- 1045. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345730520050701
  28. Riise C. A clinical study of the number of occlusal tooth contacts in intercuspal position at light and hard pressure in adults. J Oral Rehabil 1982;9:469 - 477. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1982.tb01036.x
  29. Riise, C., Ericsson, S.G. A clinical sutdy of the distribution of occlusal tooth contacts in intercuspal position at light and hard pressure in adults. J Oral Rehabil 1983;10:473 - 480. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1983.tb01470.x
  30. Ledley RS. Engineering analysis of dental forces, theory and application. National biomedical research foundation. 1969
  31. Lindblom G. Bite analysis and its significance in modern odontology. Odont T 1969;77:63-79.
  32. Kim CS. An E.M.G. study of relationships between occlusal forces and masseter muscle. Graduate school Dankook university. 1989. P. 13
  33. Yoon HR, Choi YJ, Kim KH, Chung C. Comparisons of occlusal force according to occlusal relationship, skeletal pattern, age and gender in Koreans. Korean J Orthod. 2010;40:304-313. https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2010.40.5.304
  34. Carlsson GE. Bite force and chewing efficiency. Front Oral Physiol 1974;1:265-292. https://doi.org/10.1159/000392726
  35. Gibbs CH, Mahan PE, Lundeen HC, Brehnan K, Walsh EK, Holbrook WB. Occlusal forces during chewing and swallowing as measured by sound transmission. J Prosthet Dent 1981;46:443-449. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(81)90455-8
  36. Hattori Y, Satoh C, Kunieda T, Endoh R, Hisamatsu H, Watanabe M. Bite forces and their resultants during forceful intercuspal clenching in humans. J Biomechanics 2009;42:1533-1538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.03.040
  37. Bonakdarchian M, Askari N, Askari M. Effect of face form on maximal molar bite force with natural dentition. Arch Oral Biol. 2009;54:201-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.11.009

Cited by

  1. 여대생의 측두하악장애에 따른 T-scan III System을 이용한 교합분석 및 구강행동유형과의 관련성 vol.19, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.13065/jksdh.20190016
  2. 광조사교합분석법을 이용한 머리 위치와 교합접촉면적의 관계 vol.35, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.14368/jdras.2019.35.2.90