• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.703-716
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• 2007

As digital and computer technologies have grown, human-machine interfaces (HMIs) have evolved. In safety-critical systems, especially in nuclear power plants (NPPs), HMIs are important for reducing operational costs, the number of necessary operators, and the probability of accident occurrence. Efforts have been made to improve main control room (MCR) interface design and to develop automated or decision support systems to ensure convenient operation and maintenance. In this paper, an integrated decision support system to aid operator cognitive processes is proposed for advanced MCRs of future NPPs. This work suggests the design concept of a decision support system which accounts for an operator's cognitive processes. The proposed system supports not only a particular task, but also the entire operation process based on a human cognitive process model. In this paper, the operator's operation processes are analyzed according to a human cognitive process model and appropriate support systems that support each cognitive process activity are suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.10 s.200
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• pp.79-89
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• 2004

This study was designed to investigated children's spatial cognitive skills as based on their practice with computer games. The sixty children were divided into 3 groups there were twenty children in experimental group 1 (the geometric game experimental group), twenty children in experimental group 2 (the arcade game experimental group), and twenty children in the control group. The sSpatial cognitive skills of the children were assessed according to by visual speed, mental rotation, and spatial visualization tasks. The rResults showed that computer game practice enhanced the children's spatial skills (visual speed, mental rotation and, spatial visualization). The c Children's mental rotation and spatial visualization showed a significant difference with the type of computer game.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.11-24
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• 1990

The objectives of this study are to find out the research methodology about misconception, the types of scientific concepts to be misconcepted the analysis methodology of causes of misconception, and remediation methodology of misconception. The research methods of this study are descriptive ques tionnare, interview, classroom observation and curriculum analysis. The results of this study are: ${\circ}$ The descriptive questionnaire is sufficient to obtain children's ideas. ${\circ}$ The types of science concepts to be misconcepted are 'the invisible natural phenomena,' 'the vague Understanding', 'the contents of teachers' lecture', 'the lack of children's cognitive development,'and 'the influence of nursery stories.' ${\circ}$ The Cause analysis methods of misconception are that the analysis of the cognitive level of the questionnaire items, the examining the item concepts are taught or not and the investigation about the agreement of the cognitive level of the questionnaire item and children. ${\circ}$ Remediation methods are visualijation and instrustion of invisible natural phenomena, concrete presentation of the scientific concepts, and acceleration of the cognitive development.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.135-146
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• 2016

Objective: This study explored the creative thinking styles of children according to cluster analyses and examined group differences in language ability, cognitive ability, and peer relationships. Methods: The study used the data from the 2012 Panel Study of Korean Children by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education. The participants comprised 1,681 4-year-olds. Data were analyzed via cluster analyses, ${\chi}^2$ distributions, and ANOVA tests. Results and Conclusion: The results from the cluster analyses based on percentiles of the subfactors of K-FCTYC (Korean Figural Creativity Test for Young Children) indicated four clusters: "divergent creative with openness," "non-creative," "divergent creative," and "multiple creative." Additionally, the four clusters differed by gender, language ability, cognitive ability, and peer relationships.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.8-14
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• 2008

There are two a approaches for the Cognitive Radio(CR) development. One is 'Full CR', which Joseph Mitola III proposed, and another is 'Spectrum CR', which is currently being standardized. The target approach of this paper is the latter and we develop a Cognitive Engine(CE) and simulated a channel set management(CSM), which is a core function of CE. The Channel set management evaluates channel quality and Incumbent User(IU) vacancy possibility and classifies the channel set, which is performed by using channel state history. Especially, a very important function for the channel set management is a channel state prediction and this paper proposed a Hidden Markov Model(HMM) based channel state prediction and a method for increasing performance. Also, we applied the proposed method into our simulator and simulated channel state prediction. Through the simulation, we verified as we applied our proposed scheme, the performance of channel state prediction gets better and through comparing with RS and SS, we verified the HMM based Channel state prediction is better.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.99-114
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between moral cognitive distortion and peer bullying of children and adolescents. For this study, questionnaires on moral cognitive distortion and peer bullying were administered to 678 students in the 4th, 5th, 7th, 8th, 10th and 11th grades in elementary, middle and high schools located in the metropolitan area of Seoul. The data were analyzed through frequency analysis, mean and standard deviation, t-test, two-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS Win 12.0. The main findings of this study are as follows: 1) While grade had a significant influence on the moral cognitive distortion of children and adolescents, gender did not. On bullying perpetration and bullying victimization, both gender and grade had a significant influence. 2) Moral cognitive distortion had a significant influence on peer bullying. More specifically, for elementary school students, the variables affecting bullying victimization and bullying perpetration were found to be worst-case-scenario thinking and other-blame thinking, respectively. For middle school students, victimization was affected most significantly by worst-case-scenario thinking, followed by gender; perpetration was most significantly affected by worst-case-scenario thinking. For high school students, victimization was affected most significantly by other-blame thinking, followed by gender; perpetration was most significantly affected by other-blame thinking.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.193-220
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• 1989

Major research themes, concepts, methodologies, and phenomena in the psychology of perception are reviewed in the present paper with an eye to exploring its possible contributions to methodological as well as theoretical development in cognitive science are proposed in this paper:Computational, intentional-descriptive, and eclectic. An emphasis is placed on how to propose issues in the psychology of perception from cognitive science views.Also explored in detail are possible ways to promote fruitful interactions among several fields in cognitive science, e.g., artificial intelligence, perceptual-cognitive psychology, and neuro-science.One approach is to consider psychology of perception's basic concepts, methodologies, and phenomena that call for the attention of researchers in neighboring fields in cognitive science.Finally discussed is what perception researchers should do in adoptiong a much briader view of perceptual structure and processes, that is, a cognitive science view.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.122-130
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was aimed at finding factors influencing cognitive impairment which is one of the typical symptoms among the demented elderly. Methods: The number of subjects was 417 elderly residents aged over 65 yr in a community. A cognitive function and a depression level were measured using the Korean Version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) and the Korean Form of Geriatric Depression Scale (KGDS). Alcohol abuse was measured using the CAGE instrument. Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify factors affecting cognitive impairment. Results: The prevalence rates of cognitive impairment of the sample was 43.5%. Sex, age, educational level, perceived health and alcohol abuse were strong factors influencing cognitive impairment. However, the effects of smoking, living alone, depression, family history in dementia and stroke were not strong. Conclusion: Risk for cognitive impairment were increased by being female and older than 70 yr, having low education, perceiving health as poor, and drinking alcohol abusively. Therefore, a reinforcement system, continuous research and the development of proper programs should be preformed in order to prevent cognitive impairment.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.155-162
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• 2024

Objectives: Childhood maltreatment can negatively impact cognitive development, including executive function, working memory, and processing speed. This study investigated the impact of childhood maltreatment on cognitive function in young adults using various measurements, including computerized tests, and their relationship with emotional dysregulation. Methods: We recruited 149 healthy individuals with and without maltreatment experiences and used the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV (WAIS-IV) and a computerized battery to analyze cognitive function. Results: Both the WAIS-IV and computerized tests revealed that individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment had decreased cognitive function, especially in terms of working memory and processing speed. These individuals tended to employ maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. Among cognitive functions, working memory is negatively related to maladaptive emotion regulation strategies such as catastrophizing. Conclusion: This study highlights the effects of childhood maltreatment on cognitive function in young adulthood. Moreover, the study suggests clinical implications of cognitive interventions for improving emotion regulation and cognitive function in individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.54 no.11
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• pp.908-916
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• 2016

Psychological and cognitive development in child and adolescent periods is key knowledge for understanding children and adolescents' behavior and inducing their actions. So far, psychoanalytic approaches have been primarily researched by Freud's analytical tools and Piaget's analysis on cognitive developments have been mainly employed to explore children and adolescents' psychological developments. In addition, other various theories have been suggested in order to explain children and adolescents' psychological developments. However, in reality, it is difficult to integrate diverse theoretical lens to investigate children and adolescents' psychological developments. Considering this constraint, in clinical dentistry, the conventional theoretical instruments have been still widely employed to guide children and adolescents' behavior.