• 정보기술과데이타베이스저널
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.25-35
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• 1994

Downsizing IS is rapidly emerging as one of new information systems of the 1990s that involves (1) the cost reduction, (2) the reduction of MIS staff, and (3) the transfer of IS functions to end - users. As downsizing is relatively new information systems, little is known about the causes, the process, or the consequences of downsizing. Case study was chosen as the research methodology of this study. The downsizing IS of Namsun Aluminum Co. Ltd. in Taugu City was chosen for the exploratory case study. The detailed and qualitative analyses to Namsun were performed with the use of observation, participation, and interview techniques. Consequently, the causes, the process, and the consequences of Namsun's downsizing were analyzed and discussed. As for the main cause, downsizing was started with the purpose of cost reduction. The important consequences of downsizing IS are as follows : (1) About 700 million won reduction in the cost of initially developing the downsizing was achieved. (2) Downsizing is performing Namsun's mission critical applications. (3) Namsun's downsizing could be considered to be SIS(strategic information systems).

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.164-172
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• 2022

A HAZID is a brainstorming workshop to identify hazards in an early phase of a project. It should be flexible to capture all probable accidents allowing experienced participants to exploit their expertise and experiences. A bowtie analysis is a graphical representation of major accident hazards elaborating safety measures i.e. barriers. The result of these workshops should be documented in an organized manner to share as good as possible details of the discussion through the lifetime of the project. Currently results are documented using a three-step representation of an accident; causes, top event and consequences, which cannot capture correctly sequence of events leading to various accidents and roles of barrier between two events. Another problem is that barriers would be shown repeatedly leading to a misunderstanding that there are an enough number of safety measures. A new bowtie analysis method is proposed to describe an accident in multiple steps showing relations among causes or consequences. With causes and consequences shown in a format of a tree, the frequencies of having the top event (Fault tree analysis) and various consequences (Event tree analysis) are evaluated automatically based on the frequency of initiating causes and the probabilities of failure of barriers. It will provide a good description of the accident scenario and help the risk to be assessed transparently.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.430-442
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• 2014

이 연구의 목적은 기후변화의 원인과 결과에 대한 고등학생들의 선 개념을 확인하는 것이다. 이를 위하여, 질문지를 이용하여 서울과 경기도 소재의 고등학생 196명을 대상으로 시행하였다. 질문지는 개방형 질문 1개 문항과 선택형 질문 6개 문항으로 구성되어 있다. 개방형 질문지는 기후변화의 원인과 정의, 기후변화에 의한 영향을 자유롭게 기술하도록 하였다. 선택형 질문은 온실효과의 주요 원인 기체, 인간 활동에서 기후 변화에 영향을 주는 요소, 기후 변화에 영향을 줄 수 있는 산업 활동, 기후 변화가 초래하는 영향, 기후변화에 대한 정보를 얻게 된 경로들로 구성되어 있다. 질문지의 선 개념을 확인한 후, 무작위로 10명의 학생들과 반구조화된 면담 수행하여 선 개념을 심층적으로 알아보았다. 연구 결과 학생들은 오존 파괴, 지구 온난화, 온실효과의 인과 관계에 대해 정확히 알지 못하였다. 그리고 이러한 선 개념은 학생들의 오 개념 형성에 많은 영향을 줄 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국데이타베이스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이타베이스학회 1994년도 DB산업기술 활성화를 위한 학술대회 및 기술 심포지움
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• pp.131-146
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• 1994

다운사이징 정보시스템은 원가의 절감 및 정보시스템 부서의 인원을 감소시키고 최종사용자의 기능을 확대시키는 1990년대의 정보시스템이지만, 아직까지는 신기술이기 때문에 다운사이징의 원인, 과정, 결과에 대해 알려진 것이 별로 없는 편이다. 본 연구에서는 연구방법으로써 사례연구방법을 채택하여 사례연구기업으로써 남선알미늄의 다운사이징 정보시스템을 선정하여 관찰, 참여, 면접등의 참여관찰방법을 사용하여 심층적이고 질적인 분석을 하였다. 사례연구기업의 다운사이징 원인, 과정, 결과를 살펴보았다. 다운사이징의 주원인은 원가를 절감시키기 위한 목적으로 시작되었다. 다운사이징의 중요한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 약 3억원의 비용으로 다운사이징 정보시스템을 개발하였으므로, 호스트중심의 컴퓨터에 의한 개발에 비해 약 7억원의 비용을 절감하였다. 2. 다운사이징 정보시스템에서는 남선의 핵심적인 업무를 처리하고 있다. 3. 핵심적인 업무를 다운사이징 정보시스템에서 처리함으로써, 다운사이징 정보시스템은 전략정보시스템(SIS)의 역활을 수행하고 있다고 볼 수 있다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1174-1179
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• 2007

Train collision and derailment are types of accident that happen with low probability of occurrence but could lead to disastrous consequences including multiple life losses. Risk assessment of the accidents are typically performed per their hazardous events, which are defined as events that cause accidents. This study classifies the train collision and derailment based on the relevant hazardous event, and investigates the causes related to the hazardous events. Finally, the relation of the causes, hazardous events, and the accidents are defined.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.199-204
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• 2011

This study examines eighteen elementary teachers knowledge and teaching practrice of climate change using the KQEM survey, modified from the survey developed by Leiserowitz, A., Smith, N. & Marlon, J.R. (2010). The survey includes 11 questions from KQEM survey and 2 open ended questions about teachers' knowledge of climate change and their understandings of important climate change concept for elementary students. All of the participant teachers were purposefully selected for the study and were participated in the study volunteerly. The data for this study were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The result of this study indicates that the teachers have knowledge of climate change specifically about the topics of causes of climate change and consequences of climate change such as shifting biome and ecological impacts. While most of the teachers described climate change phenomena using scientific knowledge, some of the teachers (N=2) showed misconceptions about climate change phenomena. Most of the teachers thought the causes of climate change and potential solutions to reduce climate change are important concept that elementary students need to understand about climate change. Actually, most of the teachers are currently teaching the causes and consequences of climate change (N=13) potential solutions to global warming (N= 8). This study could inform teacher educators about what elementary teachers understand about climate change and what elementary teachers are currently teaching about climate change.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1360-1364
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• 2009

The basic concept of analysis of human error that induced railway accident is that errors are consequences, not causes. But in most cases, it is likely that direct causes of the accident could be concluded as real causes, which make it difficult to find out root causes. Design, training, staffing, culture and condition are general category applied to investigate human error. In order to examine how those approach could help accident analysis, this paper studied accident investigation reports of UK RAIB(Rail Accident Investigation Branch). Rather than consider specific investigation method, we focus investigation result on how to describe causal factors and how to indicate recommendations to prevent similar accident. The reports show that they try to find out causes more in organizational, environmental and job factors, which implies the necessity to improve investigation process of human error accident in Korea.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.237-251
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• 2017

In this study, causes and consequences of bullying were explored, focusing on victim personality and appearance factors. The research model included the relationships among bullying, important causes of bullying (aggression, cleanliness, and obesity of victims) and consequences of bullying (self-esteem and depression) and was tested through survey data from 594 (194 male and 404 female) middle school students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and path analysis with SPSS and AMOS. In the results of the model tests, victims who are more aggressive, less clean, and more overweight are more likely to be bullied. In addition, adolescents bullied by others tend to have lower self-esteem and more depression. Furthermore, the model comparison was assessed by gender and a difference between the two gender models was found. In the check of critical ratio for difference, it was concluded that the cleanliness of the victim is a more important cause of bullying for male adolescents than for female adolescents. It is meaningful to confirm the effects of the victim's appearance factors on bullying in the literature focusing on personality issues of victims. Educators and counselors may refer to the findings in developing counseling guidelines and manuals to prevent bullying in school.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.21-36
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• 2004

The objectives of this study were to explore theoretically the factors that were associated with role conflict of rural extension educators, to investigate the consequences of this conflict, and to suggest possible solutions to the role conflict. This study was carried out through literature review. The findings from this study were as follows : 1) The causes of role conflict were divided into individual characteristics and social or organizational characteristics. Existing research papers examining the cause of rural extension educators' role conflict had focused mainly on individual characteristics. Therefore, social characteristics of the role conflict should be included in future research activities. 2) The consequences of role conflict were made up of individual dimensions and organizational dimensions. However, pervious researches on rural extension educators' role conflict had dealt with the individual dimensions only. Therefore, the consequences of organizational dimensions should be added to future researches. 3) Revision of roles and job specifications, developing professional competencies, and raising achievement motivation were some of the possible solutions to rural extension educators' role conflict. These solutions, if managed effectively, may improve the performance of extension organizations, as well as that of the individuals by solving the role conflict of rural extension educators.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1518-1523
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• 2008

Train collision and derailment are types of accident with low probability of occurrence, but they could lead to disastrous consequences including loss of lives and properties. The development of the risk assessment model has been called upon to predict and assess the risk for a long time. Nevertheless, the risk assessment model is recently introduced to the railway system in Korea. The classification of the hazardous events and causes is the commencement of the risk assessment model. In previous researches related to the classification, the hazardous events and causes were classified by centering the results. That classification was simple, but might not show the root cause of the hazardous events. This study has classified the train collision and derailment based on the relevant hazardous event including faults of the train related the accidents, and investigates the causes related to the hazardous events. For the risk assessment model, FTA (fault tree analysis) and ETA (event tree analysis) methods are introduced to assess the risk.