• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 1990

In the event of fire, the tendency of over­buildings and high­building resulted from the concentration in population in cities causes great losses of human lives and property. Man is able to prevent fire itself from taking place on his own efforts. One of fire preventions at high­buildings is to Survey the environmental situations around the constructions from the beginning, and when the construction is going on, it is indispensable to install appropriate water­proof dampers with all sorts of equipments. Hence, lots of the owner's investment of the buildings in fire prevention facilities is necessary and, so is constructions in agreement with every regulations.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.474-479
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the fire safety in tunnels with bi-directional and/or congested unidirectional traffic where there may be people on both sides of the fire. Therefore, the spread and movement of smoke are simulated by Fire Dynamic Simulator code under different ventilation systems, longitudinal, semi-transverse, large port exhaust system. And as quantitative risk index, FED (Fractional Effective Dose) for each ventilation system are calculated and compared by existed code developed previous research.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.158-165
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• 2022

Eco-friendly policies proposed by the government of The Republic of Korea have encouraged the use of eco-friendly vehicles. Hydrogen vehicles have exhibited the highest growth rate, although the current number of registered vehicles is low. In hydrogen vehicles, a thermally activated pressure relief device (TPRD) is installed to prevent explosions in the hydrogen gas cylinder. When discharged due to low ignition energy, hydrogen gas readily forms a jet flame. The risks induced by such jet flames were analyzed through a numerical analysis. Jet flames can activate TPRDs installed in nearby hydrogen gas cylinders. As a result, high-voltage cables exposed in the lower area of a vehicle can ignite within seconds. There was a 9.5-kW/m2 area around the vehicle (which can result in casualties) at a distance of ~5 m from the hydrogen gas cylinder, and a 37.5-kW/m2 area (which can cause significant damage) in the form of an inverted triangle toward the lower section of the vehicle. We believe that the risk factors analyzed herein should be considered for addressing accidents in hydrogen vehicles.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.185-192
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• 2019

Citic Tower is the first over-500 m-tall super highrise building in the world, located in the high seismic intensity area with paek ground acceleration over 0.2g in 475 years. This project is unique in its complexity, large volume, and challenging site conditions (zero site for construction). The traditional techniques can hardly meet safty, quality and schedule requirements of the construction. This article introduces the key construction technologies that are innovatively developed and applied in Citic Tower project construction, including intelligent super-high-rise building integrated construction platform system, independently developed by the CCTEB; Jump-Lift Elevator, which is the first of the kind with service height over 500 meters; combined temporary-and-permanent fire protection systems. The BIM technology is also applied in this project. Through technical innovation, and utilization of technologies, construction speed and safety had been greatly improved.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.201-208
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• 2024

In this study, we investigated whether the evacuation time according to the exit installation standards specified in the building code during a food factory fire is compatible with the evacuation time based on the performance-based design specified by the fire department, in order to determine if evacuation safety is ensured. We used the Pathfinder program to confirm the evacuation time, and experimented with three scenarios for exit installation standards towards the outside of the building: 60m, 80m, and 100m. The target building in the experiment corresponded to the building code's exit installation standard of 100m from each dwelling. The experimental results showed tt in the cases of 80m and 100m, ASET exceeded RSET, indicating tt evacuation safety was not ensured, while in the case of 60m, evacuation safety was maintained. Through this study, it was confirmed tt even when the exit installation standards towards the outside of the building are met, evacuation safety may not be guaranteed.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.41-50
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• 1996

In many of the developed countries, there have been continuous offers to observe and understand the fire phenomenon for the establishment of fire safety and the development of fire protection technology. In the past, full scale fire experiments have been conducted for the development of the construction technology and the design methods in order to secure the safety of the buildings and the people as well. This study aims at the statistics concerning the structural vulnerablity parts based on the full scale fire experiment in one of the apartment buildings that represents the average households in Korea, thereby acquring the experimental technology, and the basic data needed for the prediction of enclosure fire phenomenon which is critical for the establishment of evalution methods through simulation, and has also presents secured problems concerning the balcony structure and the window types that requires imediate improvement.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.705-715
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• 2017

In this study, applicability of compressed air form (CAF) fire water was verified in a bid to use the undersea effluent as fire water. Foam collector was fabricated in accordance with KS B ISO 7203-1 (Specification for low expansion foam concentrates for top application to water-immiscible liquids) and the test was conducted using fresh water as fire water for 19 times and using seawater as fire water 15 times that totaled 34 times. Foam reduction time was 237.73 seconds on average with fresh water and 215.60 seconds with seawater, which proved the applicability of CAF fire water using seawater. Besides, window breaker was fabricated to directly extinguish the fire in train and a full-scale fire test was conducted three times. At the final 3rd test, window glass was broken in 2 seconds to make the hole for fire extinguishing and suppressed the fire in 3 seconds using CAF fire extinguisher.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.9-19
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• 2019

In fire simulations for building fire safety evaluation, changes in the fire area and grid size can significantly influence the prediction results. Therefore, the effects of area changes of the fire source with identical maximum heat release rates on the prediction results of a compartment fire were investigated. The dependence of the prediction results on the grid size using the identical fire area was also examined. No significant changes were observed in the thermal and chemical characteristics of the fires with variable grid sizes, even though the fire area was changed when six or more grids were set based on the fire diameter. In addition, changes in the fire area caused significant differences in the prediction of major physical quantities associated with available safety egress time (ASET) within a compartment. However, the fire area changes did not considerably influence the overall fire characteristics outside the compartment after reaching a certain distance from the opening.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.5 s.58
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• pp.202-208
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to suggest architectural planning guideline for the improvement of the evacuation environment in a ward. To suggest of guideline, the problem of irrational domestic criteria is searched according to compare National fire code (NFPA101, Life safety code) with Korea building law. This study includes stairs, corridors and exit door etc. but excludes fire facilities. To verify effectiveness of suggested guideline, egress simulation is run that based on databases according to literature survey. The results of this study could be summarized as follow: Suggested guidelines are subdivision(fire partition), evacuation by elevator, secure useful waiting space of elevator hall and smokeproof enclosures, the corridor is divided by fire or smoke barriers corridor from hazardous room, only wheeled items are arranged in corridors of a ward story. The result of computer simulation for suggested guidelines verify that egress time can be decreased 20% or above.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.33-36
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• 2008

Recently with the increasing economics, many hish-rise and complicated building with new architecture features are constructed in Korea. These higher and bigger building have many difficulties of fire safety concerns, especially evacuation plan. In this paper, aims to present logical basis for forecasting egress behavior of occupants and systematized Egress-Prediction Model by analysing expectable decisive factors among influential factors each step until completing egress from perception of fire cues.