• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.214-223
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• 2010

As the population of preschooler increases with the increment of employed women today, the physical environment of day-care center is becoming an important factor for the preschooler as well as home environment. In order to create a suitable and desirable day-care environment for preschoolers, the using behavior of the preschoolers, who are the main users, needs to be applied to the spacial design. In this research, play preference area of Korea and United States which have different physical environments are analyzed. Child behavior observation analysis technique, interview with the teacher in charge, floor plan and furniture arrangement plan of the day-care centers and photography were performed for this research. The subjects were 63 preschoolers of 50 months old who are using Korean and American day-care centers and play of five minutes per preschooler was filmed for 3 days. Total 01 189 motion pictures were analyzed for this research. As a result, the physical environment, programs, preference area and finally the similarity and difference according to the gender were clarified for each countries' day-care center. The Korean preschoolers preferred the block area most, the second most favorite area being art for the younger class and language for older class. According to the gender, girls preferred language area while boys chose block area. On the other hand in American preschoolers' case, due to the large variety of play area, the play preference was distributed among various area except several high preference area. Based on this research, when designing indoor play area of day care centers, the area of block, language, and art which are popular play preferences should be considered firsthand, and gender preference is also needed to be thought of. These results may be used as an important data for planning the day care center play area in the future.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 일반적인 Folding 구조를 이용한 R-String Folding Block과 Second Folding Block을 제안하여 최대 500Msample/s로 동작하는 ADC를 설계하였다. 제안된 Folding ADC의 R-String Folding Block에서는 상위 4bit를 병렬로 처리하여 디지털 출력을 얻어내며, Second Folding Block에서는 하위 4bit를 새로운 pipeline 방식을 통해 디지털 출력을 얻어낸다. HSPICE 시뮬레이션 과정을 통해 ADC 동작을 확인하였으며 최대 샘플링 주파수인 500Msample/s로 동작할 경우의 평균 전력소모는 1.34mW로 매우 작음을 확인하였다. 램프입력을 인가하면서 디지털 출력이 변할 때의 입력전압을 측정하여 DNL과 INL을 구한 결과 DNL은 $-0.56LSB{\sim}0.49LSB$, INL은 $-0.94LSB{\sim}0.72LSB$의 특성을 나타내었다. 사용된 MOSFET 파라미터는 MOSIS에서 제공하는 $0.35{\mu}m$ 공정 파라미터이다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2005

산업의 발달에 따라 효율적인 부지의 활용이 요구되면서 옹벽의 사용이 많아지게 되었다. 이러한 옹벽 중 지오그리드를 보강재로 하고 콘크리트 블록을 전면판으로 사용하는 블록식 보강토 옹벽(dry cast modular block wall, MBW)은 그 시공의 편이성과 경제성으로 인해 1980년대 초부터 꾸준히 사용이 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 그러나 이 방법은 토압이론에 기초하는 특성상 양질의 사질토를 사용하여야 한다. 이에 비하여 보강사면(reinforced soil slopes, RSS)은 $70^{\circ}$ 이하의 경사를 갖는 보강토체로서 공사에 사용되는 흙이 블록식 보강토 옹벽보다는 훨씬 광범위하다. 또한 본 공법은 양질의 사질토 구득이 어려운 점을 보완하고, 개발되는 부지의 효용성을 극대화하기 위하여 부지의 경계면에서 일정 높이의 수직으로 축조되는 블록식 보강토 옹벽을 축조하고 그 위에 보강사면을 축조하였다. 본 연구는 이러한 두 공법의 장점을 활용한 복합식 보강토체를 설계하고 시공한 결과에 대하여 설계 및 시공 시 고려하여야 할 사항에 대하여 연구하였다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2009

In modern Asia major cities had same problem with lack of affordable housing for families. So they had to concentrate to the mass supply of housing and made some physical counter effects like high density of cities, limitation of parking space. Also people who lived in those cities could suffer from broken traditional community culture. To rebuild traditional community and increase land usage, Block housing is suggested as a new kind of multi-family housing for old town redevelopment. Now some governments are trying to make urban code to give some initiative for new block housing development in old city blocks. They expect this new housing type can help to solve serious problems like lack of parking area, green space and context of block. Also they hope that block housing development can help to increase safety of town and reduce cost of development. The purpose of this study is to review the establishment and development process of Block Housing and to confirm the aspect which has been changed with urban organization together. Also this study tried to find out the intentional characteristics of similarities and differences with comparison of Korea and Japan. And as a result we could find critical physical viewpoint, and provide considerations for future study and plan. Several cases of block housing in Korea and Japan were reviewed for comparative study and Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) survey was examined to find satisfaction factors and problems which were expected to improved.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2016

HEVC 가변 블록 크기 움직임 추정 기법에서는 동일 탐색 영역의 데이터가 블록 크기 별로 중복 사용되어 탐색 영역 데이터의 사용량이 많고 조기중단 기법의 적용이 어렵다는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 최상위 블록 크기 PU를 탐색의 기준으로 두어, 최상위 블록 크기 PU의 탐색과 동일 지점에서의 하위 블록 크기 PU의 탐색을 동시에 진행하여 메모리 대역폭을 줄였고, 최상위 블록 크기 PU의 연산 결과값을 재사용하여 연산량 또한 줄였다. 조기중단 기법을 적용했을 때 또한 최상위 블록 크기 PU를 기준으로 판별하면 하위 블록 크기 PU의 위치에 따라 탐색 기회가 고르게 반영되지 않아 화질의 저하로 이어질 수 있으므로 이를 방지하기 위해 조기중단 기법의 적용 순서를 최상위 블록 크기 PU 내의 최하위 블록 크기 PU를 기준으로 위아래로 번갈아 수행하도록 변형하였다. 설계된 ME 엔진은 Verilog HDL로 기술하고 0.18um 공정에서 합성 및 검증하였으며, 하드웨어 크기는 36,101 게이트이고 최대 동작 속도는 263.15 MHz이다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1611-1633
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• 2022

At EUROCRYPT 2019, a new block cipher algorithm called BISON was proposed by Canteaut et al. which uses a novel structure named as Whitened Swap-Or-Not (WSN). Unlike the traditional wide trail strategy, the differential and linear properties of this algorithm can be easily determined. However, the encryption speed of the BISON algorithm is quite low due to a large number of iterative rounds needed to ensure certain security margins. Commonly, denoting by n is the data block length, this design requires 3n encryption rounds. Moreover, the block size n of BISON is always odd, which is not convenient for operations performed on a byte level. In order to overcome these issues, we propose a new block cipher, named DBISON, which more efficiently employs the ideas of double layers typical to the BISON-like construction. More precisely, DBISON divides the input into two parts of size n/2 bits and performs the round computations in parallel, which leads to an increased encryption speed. In particular, the data block length n of DBISON can be even, which gives certain additional implementation benefits over BISON. Furthermore, the resistance of DBISON against differential and linear attacks is also investigated. It is shown the maximal differential probability (MDP) is 1/2^n-1 for n encryption rounds and that the maximal linear probability (MLP) is strictly less than 1/2^n-1 when (n/2+3) iterative encryption rounds are used. These estimates are very close to the ideal values when n is close to 256.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2010

FormFactors is one of the most critical design factors in early development of mobile phone, and proper selection of FormFactors is necessary for smoothness of product development and customer satisfaction. Especially, emergence of mobile convergence added so various functions besides its original call function that importance of selecting FormFactors has increased because multiform FormFactors are needed. However there is problem such as frequent change of decision making in existing process because established process picks out FormFactors sensibly and arbitrarily through idea pull and so forth. We proposed FormFactors selection process by Axiomatic Design, set approach method and block approach method for reasonable and systematical FormFactors selection. First of all, we set the purpose of mobile phone development, and it is examined by Axiomatic Design. FormFactors design matrix is deduced through this process, the numbers of axes and rails are proposed using set approach method, and then patterns of FormFactors are embodied by block approach method. Particularly process application was tried through case study of mobile phone development, and we ensured that new FormFactors can be presented to a designer by systematical verification if change of customer requirements occurs through our process.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.707-714
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• 1997

The littice designs have prove efficient but they are not alwasy available. This article proposes an alternative, an almost lattice design, of the triple lattice design (v=36, k=6, r=4) which is not available. Here, we compare the almost lattice design to the .alpha.-design (v=36, k=6, r=4) which is another alternative of the triple lattice design (v=36, k=6, r=4). Consequently, we show the almost lattice design is a more efficient alternative than the $\alpha$-design through A-, D-, and E-optimality.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제28권4C호
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• pp.365-373
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 수정 유클리드 알고리즘을 기반으로 임의의 메시지 길이 k 뿐 아니라 임의의 블록 길이 n를 갖는 RS 부호를 복호할 수 잇는 적응형 RS 복호기를 설계한다. 설계된 복호기는 임의의 길이를 갖는 단축형 RS 부호의 복호 전에 영들을 추가하지 않아도 되므로 단축형 RS 부호에 특히 유리하다. 또한 이들 RS 부호의 오류정정 능력 t의 값을 매 부호어 블록마다 실시간으로 변화시킬수 있으므로 응답 채널이 유용한 경우 채널의 시변 잡음 레벨에 적응적으로 오류 정정 능력을 변화시킬 수 있다. 제시된 복호기 구조는 수정 유클리드 알고리즘에 기반한 4단계는 파이프라인 처리를 수행한다 : (1) 신드롬 계산 (2) MEA 블록 (3) 에러크기 계산 (4) 복호기 실패 검사. 각 단계는 가변 길이의 RS 복호에 적합한 구조를 갖도록 설계된다. 수정 유클리드 알고리즘(MEA) 블록의 새로운 구조를 제시하고, 에러의 크기 계산을 위한 다항식 평가를 위해 역순 출력을 갖는 다항식 평가 회로를 채용한다. MEA 블록은 연산 셀들의 멀티플렉싱 기법과 배속의 전용 클럭 기법(overclocking)을 적용하여 간단한 하드웨어로써 처리 속도를 유지하도록 하였다. 최대 오류정정 능력이 10인 GF($2^8$) 상의 적응형 RS 부호를 VHDL로 설계하고, FPGA에 성공적으로 합성하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.211-221
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• 1998

Thermal behavior on the cylinder block of a 4-cylinder, 4-stroke 2.0L SOHC gasoline engine was numerically and experimentally analyzed. The numerical calculation was performed using the finite element method. The cylinder block was modelled as a three dimensional finite element by considering its geometry. The physical domain was devided into hexahedron elements. 16 thermocouples were installed at points of 2mm inside from cylinder wall near top ring of piston in cylinder block, which points have suffered major thermal loads and suggested as proper measurement points for engine design by industrial engineers. Under full load and 9$0^{\circ}C$ coolant temperature condition, temperature behavior of cylinder block according to engine speed were analyzed. The results showed that temperature rose gradually to conform to a function of 2nd~4th order of engine speed at intake side, exhaust and siamese side, respectively. As engine load was changed from 100 to 50% by 25% step, temperature curve also conformed to 2nd~7th order function of engine speed. Temperature differences by load condition were similar among 100, 75% and 50%. Under full load and coolant temperature of 11$0^{\circ}C$, temperature behavior were also analyzed and the result also showed conformance to 2n d~7th order function of engine speed. Temperature curve was transferred in parallel upwards corresponding coolant temperature rise.