• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.278-286
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• 2001

With the aging of society a great deal of interest is being placed on the value of longitudinal data in evaluating physiological losses. We present data on test-one/test-two reliability and reproducibility for measures of training, bone density from a longitudinal study of master athletes. Fifty-two males (mean age at test $1=58.2{\pm}9.8\;years$) and thirty-two females ($54.4{\pm}8.8\;years$) were selected from the study population. Bone mineral density was determined using DEXA (Hologic 1500). The characteristics of the subjects are presented below as $means\;{\pm}\;S.D$. The data was imported into the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS 9.0, Chicago, IL). Paired t-tests were performed between visit 1 and visit 2 in subjects. Pearson correlations were performed. The results of this study indicate the measures of training history, body mass and bone density are reasonably stable and reproducible. We conclude that body composition and bone density parameters are stable and reproducible over time in active older subjects. Physiologic measures in master athletes are fairly stable, and reproducible over time Longitudinal studies investigating age-related changes in master athletes need to be conducted on a time schedule of greater than two years.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.243-253
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• 2011

The outdoor sportswear market in Korea has received increased attention due to the interest in health and leisure activities promoted through the well-being trend. This study examines the merchandising process for outdoor sportswear brands and focuses on textile planning in order to identity the opportunities for Korean textile companies. Data were collected through an interview method of nine outdoor leading brands (six national brands and three license brands). The interviewees were merchandisers with two to nine years of career experience in the company. The majority of interviewed brands implemented a merchandising plan twice a year. Basic goods took 80% and reorder or spot goods took 10-20% of the total quantity, which possessed a substantial possibility to substitute imported textiles for Korean ones. After the 2008 global economic crisis, outdoor brands have increased the quantity of Korean textiles up to 70% of the total amount of sales because of low price per quality, lead-time accuracy, convenience for handling, and communication. The most important factors when selecting materials were functionality, quality, design, price, and lead-time for orders. The managerial implications for Korean textile companies were also discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.422-433
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in Korean meat consumption as well as meat consumption trends. During the Japanese occupation period, the supply of meat was considerably insufficient. However, meat consumption mainly in large cities has gradually increased. Especially, 'Pyeongyang cow', a specialty of Pyeongyang, started being raised as edible beef cattle in 1933. During the chaotic period following liberation from Japan, the price of meat sharply increased. However, as the meat supply stabilized, the 'beef grade system' was introduced in 1967. Since then, beef has sold according to region. During the early economic growth period of the mid-1970s, meat consumption rapidly increased, and foreign beef was first imported in 1976. The preference for beef was somewhat attenuated due to the outbreak of mad cow disease and economic slowdown of the 1990s, resulting in an increase in the consumption of pork, a replacement meat. During the recent period of economic development, meat consumption has somewhat fallen and remained low. In late 2003, with the occurrence of mad cow disease in the US, the demand for pork, and especially pork fatback, has sharply increased.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.49-54
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• 2012

As all kind of industry has developed, metal structure and machine instrument use bolt, pin, rivet and welding for assembly and combination. For pin and hinge, dimension accuracy is crucial to keep the operation and safety of the structure and machine instrument. In case of complex machine, the hinge for cover open-loop system is one of the significant design elements. Most of the hinges are being imported and assembled sine they give high technology development cost for its unit cost position. The reason is that the localization of hinge is inadequate. As the demand increase and the necessity of localization grow, it is now more important than ever to develop low cost structure. By the low cost structure, a new technology could be obtained for electronic product and structural hinge since it would enable for complex machine hinge to be guaranteed, technologically. Open-loop hinge is the link type and designed for the structure to keep constant open-loop. And, the hinge is examined in design stability by finite element analysis method. In this paper, the operation result is presented when the hinge for complex machine open-loop is designed for link type structure.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.173-177
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• 1974

Thirty of healthy non-pregnant Holstein cows being raised in the vicinity of Daejeon, which had been delivered of calves 4 to 6 times since they were imported to Korea, were selected with the purpose of serum chemical analysis. Total protein, albumin, globulin, total cholesterol, urea nitrogen and glucose and A/G ratio were investigated. The results of present investigation were summarized as follows: 1. Ranges and mean values (with standard error) of total protein, albumin and globulin were 6.87~8.58g/100ml, $7.75{\pm}0.60g/100ml$; 2.6~3.5g/100ml(37.1~45.0%), $3.26{\pm}0.27g/100ml$(40.1%); and 3.78~5.48g/100ml(55.1~64.6%), $4.51{\pm}0.43g/100ml$(58.1%), respectively. 2. Range and mean value (with standard error) of A/G ratio were 0.52~0.86 and 0.73~0.093. 3. Range and mean value (with standard error) of glucose were 35~50mg/100ml and $45.2{\pm}9.1mg/100ml$. 4. Range and mean value(with standard error) of total cholesterol were 122~228mg/100ml and $194.6{\pm}11.1mg/100ml$. 5. Serum urea nitrogen showed that the range of 10.5~15.1mg/100ml and the mean value(with standard error) of $12.7{\pm}1.5mg/100ml$.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.240-254
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• 1992

The purpose of this paper is to suggest new direction to the historical research society of Korean architecture by epistemological discussion. Korean architectural history at present, without question of history for what, for whom, and how, is regarded as 'history for the past' only 'to describe past' or 'to collect correct data' However, history is beyond that; history ought to suggest a direction of present and near future. Moreover, architecture is not pure but applied knowledge, that is, focused to 'how to build'. Therefore, past historical knowledge by research should influence to present design. In order to do that, history of mere data collection should change direction to the history of meaning by interpretation, and then, of finding design principle. The principle used in architectural community becomes theory in scientific research community, and finally is unified to 'theory of practice'. Creative history should be substituted for retrospective history reusing historical reservoir, at the specific situation of Korea; tradition has been discontinued drastically and Western method imported to the point of being culturally-colonized. Some expmples of altanative history are suggested at the end of this paper as conclusion.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.197-203
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• 2001

Recently, the construction of gas insulated substation(GIS)s has been increased in Korea. But, the whole quantity of the VTs which were used in GIS has been imported. Under the circumstance that $SF_6$ gas power apparatus are being developed up to 800kV rating in Korea, the development of EＨＶ　$SF_6$ gas VT is essential for localizing the power apparatus. As for EHV VT, destructive ferroresonance can be generated due to the combination of capacitiances between poles of circuit breaker, ground capacitance of bus and nonlinear excitation property of VT core. But the theoretical analysis about ferroresonance has not been fully achieved in Korea. Therefore, in this paper the authors would like to contribute for localizing EHV $SF_6$ gas VT by developing the diagram of ferroresonance zone according to the parameters of the circuit and the saturable reactor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.37-45
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• 2014

Ball valves are used as a key element in the process industries. The industrial development of valves has increased steadily, but continued improvement requires high design reliability and long service life. Currently, the development of high performance valves is not easy because of the lack of relevant technology in Korea. Valves are being imported at a level of up to 58 percent of the domestic market, which represents a value of almost 7 million US dollars. Therefore, in this work, the improvement of the design and performance of industrial valves has been studied in an attempt to achieve valves that will have longer service life and better output during operation. The structural stability was evaluated using the ANSYS FSI (Fluid-Structural Interaction) module. Moreover, to obtain maximum product reliability, torque analysis simulation was performed to compare and experimental results. The simulation results were used to predict the change in torque by changes in shape, thereby reducing the time and cost of manufacturing a number of prototypes for experimental validation.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.187-206
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• 1996

The Purpose of this study is to analyze the clothing excavated in Xinjinag, concerned with the study of clothing culture in Central Asia. The results are as follows : A headwear is a corn hat or round hat, the material is field, fur or woolen textiles. For hair accessories, feathers or wooden pins were used. The corn hats of the Scythians and the Huns also had same design and did not change even after being influenced from the culture of Han Dynasty. A woman's hair styles was many strips of braid, a man's hair style was a braid or a topknot. Regarding the clothing, a woman wore pull-over type and a man wore caftan for a jacket. Both a man and a woman wore widened coat and trousers as well as felt socks and leather boots, and longer socks than boots are the characteristics of the clothing of nomadic horsemen. The textiles was mainly wool, but silk was used for coats, socks and gloves in high society imported from China through the Silk Road after the 2nd century B.C. Compared with Korea clothing, a corn hat, widened coat, trousers and leather boots are similar with those of Koguryo. The influence of western culture is shown in a man's short hair, animal design, W1-Kum, a woman's pull-over type and a round neckline.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.106-112
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• 2014

Recently, tidal power generation has gained much attention. South Korea's tidal power generation systems were imported from abroad by turnkey type and have being operated. Therefore, for efficient operation and technological independence of a tidal power system, development of core technology is required. This paper deals with the start stop control system of water turbine generator in the tidal power plant, as one of our development project results. Using the SCADA system, the status and operations of water turbine generator in the tidal power plant, as well as simulation for calculation of maximum power were carried out. A small model type of start stop control device was also developed. In addition, the control system in Sihwa tidal power plant was modeled, and the results obtained by the dynamic simulation were given in graphics by 2D simulator.