• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.126-137
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• 2010

This study examines the effects of trust and commitment on firm performance in the apparel manufacturer-contractor relationships. A total of 92 apparel manufactures participated in the study. Factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and multiple regression analysis were conducted for the statistical analysis. Two factors of trust were identified: credibility and benevolence. Two factors of commitment were identified: affective commitment and calculative commitment. Three factors of firm performance were identified: customer service performance, finance performance, and product performance. The credibility of the apparel manufacture in a contractor had a significant positive effect on the affective commitment of an apparel manufacturer and on the calculative commitment in a contractor. Meanwhile, the benevolence of the apparel manufacture on a contractor had a significant positive effect on the affective commitment of an apparel manufacturer on a contractor. The credibility of the apparel manufacture on a contractor was positively related to customer service performance, finance performance, and product performance. The benevolence of the apparel manufacture on a contractor was positively related to customer service performance and finance performance of an apparel manufacture. The affective commitment of the apparel manufacture in a contractor was positively related to service performance. The calculative commitment of the apparel manufacture on a contractor was positively related to finance performance and to the product performance of an apparel manufacture. The results of this study provides practical guidelines toward exchange partners of apparel manufacturers as to how to facilitate from performance in apparel manufacturer-contractor relationships.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.474-485
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants and elements to enhance Korean international competitiveness, employing Porter's(1998) Diamond Model. Half of the 500 leading apparel exporters that were members of the Korea Apparel Industry Association in 2003 were selected as the target of this research. From May to June of 2003, survey questionnaires were sent to executives of these 250 companies in person or by telephone, e-mail, or fax. Seventy questionnaires were used for the final data anlysis. The items used were Reliability, Categorical Regression, and Frequency, using SPSS 11.5. The results were as follows: First, as a result of analyzing the influence of international competitiveness in Korean apparel industry, the firm's strategy, structure, and rivalry was the most influential factor. Others were related and supporting industries, government, chance, demand conditions, and factor conditions. Also, the elements that affect Korean international competitiveness were listed as the level of price competition in foreign markets, the level of labor cost, export marketing capacity, and exchange fluctuation. The most important element to improve the international competitiveness of the Korean apparel industry was a demand growth rate of the overseas markets(Demand Conditions), followed by the level of the labor costs(Factor Conditions), the capability of internationalization(Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry), the change of currency(Chance), the quality and management of products(Demand Conditions), the capability of planning products(Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry), free trade from 2005(Chance), and global sourcing strategy(Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry). Korea's main rival country in apparel related and supporting industry factors is China. However, Korea has a higher level of technology development, quality, and price level than China.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.718-732
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• 2014

This study investigates the effects of two organizational variables (market orientation and organizational innovativeness) and the interaction between these two variables on supply chain agility as well as examines the moderating effect of 1) firm size and 2) the extent of global sourcing. Employing a web-based e-mail survey method, the study issued 1,320 questionnaires to South Korea apparel manufacturing companies; data from 147 completed surveys were analyzed. Market orientation, organizational innovativeness, and the interaction between the two variables positively affect supply chain agility. Firm size and global sourcing do not have any significant moderating effects on the relationship between organizational characteristics and supply chain agility. Companies with high market orientation and high organizational innovativeness have more agile supply chains than companies with only market orientation or organizational innovativeness. Firms need to effectively enhance market orientation and organizational innovativeness simultaneously to enhance supply chain agility. The lack of a moderating effect from firm size suggests that all companies should promote a greater degree of market orientation and organizational innovativeness to enhance supply chain agility regardless of firm size.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.56-67
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• 2012

This research investigates the effect of the antecedents (i.e. specific investment, opportunistic behavior, communications, uncertainty, interdependence, power imbalance, shared value, and flexibility) that influence the trust and commitment of domestic apparel manufacturers toward contractors as well as the effect of trust and commitment on firm performance and relationship satisfaction. A total of 128 apparel manufactures participated in this study. Factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and path analysis were conducted for the statistical analysis. Specific investment, communication, shared value, and flexibility had a positive effect on trust; however, opportunistic behavior had a negative effect. Interdependence, shared value, and flexibility had a positive effect on commitment; however, power imbalance and uncertainty had a negative effect. Trust did not exert an effect on commitment in this research; however, trust and commitment had a positive effect on firm performance; in addition, trust and commitment had a positive effect on relationship satisfaction. The findings offer insight on how to better manage apparel manufacturer-contractor relationships to ensure success.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.595-608
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• 2008

Although Korean apparel companies have transformed dramatically from contractors to sourcing companies thanks to the rapid growth of local market, relatively little work has been done identifying the determinants and the patterns of global sourcing activities of Korean companies. The purpose of this study was to outline a conceptual model that may be used to organize and guide global sourcing activities of Korean apparel manufacturers and retailers. The conceptual model identified four important factors, cost factor, strategic non-cost factor, firm's internal factor, and global factor, which affect global sourcing strategies and help predict how companies conduct various sourcing activities. The model also identified two sourcing patterns, outsourcing and intra-firm sourcing. In developing the model, literature review on how manufacturers and retailers in diverse areas including global apparel sourcing was conducted. Managerial implications and directions far future study were offered as well.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.634-643
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• 2009

The aim of this study was investigating the consumers' and apparel firm worker's awareness and reliability of the environmental friendly textile materials. The subjects of the questionnaire survey were general consumers(n=235) and workers at Korean apparel firms(n=236). The questionnaire was developed to measure the awareness and reliability on nine environmental friendly textile materials. The results showed that general consumers had a higher reliability on the function of the environmental friendly materials but had a lower awareness than the workers at the apparel firms. Women and subjects, who experienced in purchasing the environmental friendly products, had higher awareness and reliability of the environmental friendly textile materials than others. The workers at apparel firms had higher awareness of the environmental friendly textile materials than the general consumers, but the reliability on the function of the materials was relatively low. The reliability and awareness differed by the firms' major products and their jobs. The workers at the children's clothing firms and sportswear firms had higher level of awareness about the environmental friendly textile than the workers at the casual-wear firms. The workers' awareness on environmental friendly textile materials was differentiated by their jobs. The product developers and material buyers had higher awareness on the environmental friendly textiles compare to the workers of the sales or marketing division. These results imply that promoting environmental friendly textile material to the sales person is needed in order to increase the sales volume of the products.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.6 s.165
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• pp.902-910
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to suggest future marketing strategy for Korean textile and apparel industry so that they could find a way to maintain a major sourcing site in the global market place. This study identified international buyers' visiting purposes and the items they were most interested in sourcing from Korea according to their firm types and home country regions. This study analyzed the survey results obtained fiom international buyers who visited the international textile and apparel trade show in Seoul, Korea. The data was analyzed using frequency and ${\chi}^2$-test analysis. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between buyers' country regions and their interests. There was also a significant relationship between buyers' firm types and their visiting purposes. The results indicated that decision making for what Korean industry should focus their marketing efforts on should be different according to the buyers' country regions and firm types. This study was conducted to present an effective marketing strategy for how Korean textile and apparel industries could survive in the competitive global marketplace.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 1999

The purpose of this research are to enhance the understanding of apparel CAD system and to suggest future research direction in the field of apparel CAD system. To do so, (1) the background and the concept, (2) the adoption situation, (3) the benefits and problems, (4) previous research are discussed. Also factors which can influence the adoption decision of apparel CAD system are Identified and related propositions which can provide the directions to future research are developed. Using the usage level of apparel CAD system adoption as the dependent variables, the selected organizational characteristics, as independent variables, are : firm size, product characteristics, and perception of apparel CAD system benefits.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.651-661
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• 2020

This research aims to examine the relationships among entrepreneurial orientation, organizational learning capability, firm innovation, and firm performance. To achieve a data collection, a mail survey procedure via questionnaire was implemented by using executives or managers of gems & jewelry industries, textile and clothing industries, leather and accessories, fashion apparel industries in Thailand as the key informants. Of the surveys completed and returned, 388 were usable. Hence, a model with a structural equation was used to evaluate the data survey of 388 respondents. The results reveal that, in terms of the mediating effect, organizational learning capacity and firm innovation can complement each other in order to improve entrepreneurial orientation. Findings show that entrepreneurial orientation improves firm innovation, which in turn improves firm efficiency. Firm innovation acts as a variable mediating between enterprise orientation and firm performance. Our findings contribute to the current emergence of organizational learning capacity that mediated the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. Entrepreneurial orientation is normally a firm performance that enterprises develop which can have use the information available and make an impact. It can be considered through the mediation of organizational learning capability, and firm innovation variable and as stated in previous literature, it can influence firm performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.1719-1732
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• 2009

A firm seeking to enter a foreign market must make an important strategic decision of which market entry mode to use. Because entry modes involve resource commitments, the initial choice by a firm on a particular entry mode is difficult to change without a considerable loss of time and money. Substantial prior research has been undertaken to explain why firms select a particular entry mode into global markets. However, there exists limited research on this area in the field of foreign apparel brands in Korea, although some research has analyzed influential entry mode factors when Korean textile and clothing companies went overseas. This study reviews prior research on the entry mode choice and analyzes the factors that influence the entry mode choice for 510 foreign clothing brands in Korea. Price range, clothing types, distribution strategy, and cultural distance were considered as influential determinants for different entry mode choices. Crosstabs with a chi-square test and logistic regression are used for analysis. This study shows that high-priced brands and luxury brands are associated with the export orientated entry mode in the Korean market. Brands that pursued the strategy of multiple distribution channels showed a preference for a licensing mode or direct investment over other entry modes, and brands from higher-cultural-distance countries entered the Korean clothing market by licensing mode. The findings of this study are appropriate for the strategic planning of foreign apparel intent on entering the Korean market or for Korean apparel firms planning to enter the global market.