• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.30-39
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• 2020

The purpose of this paper is to present a solution to the conflict when hydrogen energy is used for national energy transition through design thinking methodology. Research shows that design thinking enables joint design of policies for hydrogen energy transition between government and stakeholders. This is a macro approach based on empathy and cooperation, and can form consensus on the policy design process in the early stages. Starting with an understanding of hydrogen energy conflicts, ideas can be found based on the experiences gained from conflicts of stakeholders, disputes or lawsuits. And based on this, additional ideas on hydrogen energy transition will be verified the realization of the ideas. Collaboration with stakeholders to improve conflicts can create new values. In the process of reconfiguring the definition of energy transition problems, the opinions of stakeholders can be integrated with continuous empathy. Through design thinking methodology, we can integrate opinions of stakeholders and prevent conflicts.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.303-325
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• 2003

This study sought to provide an explanation of university students' concept understanding on the infinity and infinite process and utilized a psychological constructivist perspective to examine the differences in transitions that students make from static concept of limit to actualized infinity stage in context of problems. Open-ended questions were used to gather data that were used to develop an explanation concerning student understanding. 47 university students answered individually and were asked to solve 16 tasks developed by Petty(1996). Microgenetic method with two cases from the expert-novice perspective were used to develop and substantiate an explanation regarding students' transitions from static concept of limit to actualized infinity stage. The protocols were analyzed to document student conceptions. Cifarelli(1988)'s levels of reflective abstraction and Robert(1982) and Sierpinska(1985)'s three-stage concept development model of infinity and infinite process provided a framework for this explanation. Students who completed a transition to actualized infinity operated higher levels of reflective abstraction than students who was unable to complete such a transition. Developing this ability was found to be critical in achieving about understanding the concept of infinity and infinite process.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.682-685
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• 2020

In this paper, we analyze the dominant noise source of conventional inductively degenerated common-source (CS) cascode low noise amplifier (LNA) when width and gate length of stacked transistors vary. Analytical MOSFET and its noise model are used to estimate the contributions of noise sources. All parameters are based on measured data of 60nm, 90nm and 130nm CMOS devices. Based on the noise analysis for different frequencies and device parameters including process nodes, the dominant noise source can be analyzed to optimize noise figure on the configuration. We verified analytically that the intuctively degenerated CS topology can not sustain its benefits in noise above a certain operation frequency of LNA over different process nodes.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.469-479
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of public health center smoking cessation counseling program using the transtheoretical model on the process of change, smoking temptation, decisional balance and stage change transition. Methods: A nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used for this study. The study population was 115 adult smokers. The counseling program was administered to the experimental group and a smoking cessation program from the Korean Ministry of Health & Welfare was administered to the control group. Descriptive analysis, $\chi^2-test$, t-test, and ANCOVA were used with the SPSS 12.0 program to analyze the data. Results: After treatment with this program, the experimental group showed significantly higher scores for process of change (t=4.148, p<.001), smoking temptation (t=-2.988, p=.003), and stage change transition ($\chi^2=5.871$, p=.031) compared to the control group. Experimental group members also showed significantly lower score for Pros of smoking (t=-3.151, p=.002). Conclusion: The findings indicate that this program could have positive effect on process of change, smoking temptation, decisional balance and stage transition for adult smokers. Based on these findings, the authors suggest additional counseling program focusing on smokers in specific stages.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.703-719
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• 2017

Miscanthus had a higher lignin content (19.5 wt%) and carbohydrate (67.6 wt%) than other herbaceous crops, resulting in higher pellet strength and positive effect on combustion. However, miscanthus also contains a high amount of hydrophobic waxes on its outer surface, cuticula, which limits the pellet quality. The glass transition of lignin and cuticula were related to forming inter-particle bonding, which determined mechanical properties of pellet. To determine the effects of surface waxes, both on the pelletizing process and the pellet strength were compared with raw and extracted samples through solvent extraction. In addition, to clarify the relationship between pellet process parameters and bonding mechanisms, the particle size and temperature are varied while maintaining the moisture content of the materials and the die pressure at constant values. Furthermore, kraft lignin was employed to determine the effect of kraft lignin as an additive in the pellets. As results, the removal of cuticula through ethanol extractions improved the mechanical properties of the pellet by the formation of strong inter-particle interactions. Interestingly, the presence of lignin in miscanthus improves its mechanical properties and decreases friction against the inner die at temperatures above the glass transition temperature ($T_g$) of lignin. Consequently, it could found that the use of kraft lignin as an additive in pellet reduced friction in the inner die upon reaching its glass transition temperature.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.69-76
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• 2013

The seriousness of greenhouse gas exhaustions and energy use of the building has increased, the world is making an effort with many requests and the consultation for sustainable development. For this reason, Green Building Certification Criteria has been implemented to reduce environmental load, high-performance and environmentally friendly in the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. In response to the global trend like this, the Korean Government has induced the eco-friendly construction and sustainable development to implement the G-SEED (Green Building Certification Criteria of Korea) in 2002. However, in spite of the many authentication result, G-SEED has been pointed out that it needs for improve in the evaluation system of Apartment sector which accounts for more than 40% of the authentication. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to suggest improvements in the evaluation system. To achieve this, this study have selected for LEED, BREEAM, DGNB of comparison target, drawn improvements through comparing transition process in G-SEED.

• Journal of Korea Planning Association
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.40-51
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• 2019

The ultimate aim of this study is to diagnose the process stage and look at the step change of transition process to see how the step changes. Therefore, in this study, cluster analysis was conducted by examining four types of commercial characteristics such as Retail Homogeneity, Share of Neighbourhood store, Share of chain store, and Share of cafe & Western food store. Through the cluster analysis, three types have been identified. Type1 is the first step which can explain the time before gentrification occurs and when the ratio of neighborhood facilities is the highest. Type2 is the second step that can explain boutique stage where the gentrification occurs. At this time, the ratio of Cafes & Western food restaurant increased and the proportion of neighborhood shops decreased. And Type3, third step is when the mature gentrification occurs. In the analysis of the transition period, it is necessary to monitor the change of the industry in the period from the first stage to the second stage. In the transition period from the second stage to the third stage, It is necessary to constantly monitor such factors as the increase of shops.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.7-18
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• 2021

This study analyzes the role of market actors in the energy transition process and the interaction between them and ordinary citizens, primarily focusing on the mini-PV project in Seoul. The study also proposes measures to harness market actors' activities and successfully implement the distribution of mini-PV systems in Seoul. In this study, practice theory is used as a theoretical resource to analyze the interaction between market actors and civil society actors and to help understand how market actors influence the decisions of regular citizens in installing mini-PV at their properties. After conducting surveys and hosting in-depth interviews with ordinary citizens and market actors, it was found that to further promote the role of market actors, the Seoul Metropolitan Government should actively support and monitor the public relations activities of market actors, while concurrently managing selected companies and establishing relevant administrative systems for continued effective use post-installation of mini-PV systems. In future studies of the energy transition process, market actors should also be recognized as key players, along with government and civil society actors, and their roles should be studied in a balanced way.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.1 s.104
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• pp.67-74
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• 2006

The security requirements identification in the software development has received some attention recently. However, previous methods do not provide clear method and process of security requirements identification. We propose a process that software developers can build application specific security requirements from state transition diagrams at the security threat location. The proposed process consists of building model and identifying application specific security requirements. The state transition diagram is constructed through subprocesses i) the identification of security threat locations using security failure data based on the point that attackers exploit software vulnerabilities and attack system assets, ii) the construction of a state transition diagram which is usable to protect, mitigate, and remove vulnerabilities of security threat locations. The identification Process of application specific security requirements consist of i) the analysis of the functional requirements of the software, which are decomposed into a DFD(Data Flow Diagram; the identification of the security threat location; and the appliance of the corresponding state transition diagram into the security threat locations, ii) the construction of the application specific state transition diagram, iii) the construction of security requirements based on the rule of the identification of security requirements. The proposed method is helpful to identify the security requirements easily at an early phase of software development.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.294-297
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• 2004

RTP(Rapid Thermal Pressing) is to fabricate desired pattern on polymer substrate by pressing patterned mold against the substrate heated around glass transition temperature. For a successful RTP process, the whole process including heating, molding, cooling and demolding should be conducted 'rapidly' as possible. As the RTP process is effective in replicating patterns on flat large surface without causing shape distortion after cooling, it is being widely used for fabricating various micro/bio application components, especially with channel-type microstructures on surface. This investigation finally aims to develop a RTP process machine for mass-producing micro/bio application components. As a first step for that purpose, we intended to examine the technological difficulties for realizing mass production by RTP process. Therefore, in the current paper, 4 kinds of RTP machines were examined and then the RTP process was conducted experimentally for PMMA film by using one of the machines, HEX 03. The micro-patterned molds used for RTP experiment was fabricated from silicon wafer by semi-conduct process. The replicated micro patterns on PMMA films were examined using SEM and the causes of defect observed in the replicated patterns were discussed.