• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2005

This paper is to propose tolerance intervals for expected time at the given reliability and confidence level for continuous and discrete reliability model. We consider guaranteed - coverage tolerance intervals, that is, reliability - confidence level tolerance intervals. These proposed methodologies can be applied to any industrial application where the customer's operating specification require a high level of reliability.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.99-111
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• 1994

Toguchi method is a systematic technique for designing high quality product at low cost. There are three steps in the Toguchi method, 1)system design, 2)parameter design, and 3)tolerance design. This paper considers the tolerance design for multiple performance characteristics which is practically important. We present two tolerance design procedures : grade selection and tolerance determining procedures. In grade selection procedure a scheme is presented that minimizes the sum of the price of low-level characteristics and the expected loss due to the variations of high-level characteristics. In tolerance determining procedure we determine the tolerances of the low-level characteristics.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2023

The current study aimed to identify the level of tolerance and the level of marital happiness and the relationship between tolerance and marital happiness among married teachers in Irbid. In addition, to identify the differences in tolerance and marital happiness according to some demographic variables among married teachers in Irbid. The study sample consisted of (121) married teachers were randomly selected from the study community. For study purposes, the researcher used the tolerance scale for Shuqair and the marital happiness scale for Hedberg translated to Arabic by Alharekey. Findings showed that there were statistical correlations between tolerance and marital happiness among married teachers. The results showed no statistically significant differences between the married teachers' average scores in the degree of tolerance and marital happiness according to the gender, age, the gap between couples, and years of married.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.93-100
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• 1998

This study was to investigate the dry weight, the amount of Na+ and K+ water potential and leaf photosynthesis rate in plants for determining the salt tolerance mechanism in rice cultivars on soil and solution culture with NaCl. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows ; In general, rice cultivars, cv. Tetep and Jinbu, having high salt tolerance in ID(identified on dry matter production level) showed the higher salt tolerance in RGR (relative growth rate), compared with rice cultivars(cv. Nonglim 41ho, Dunraebyeo and Sobackbyeo) having low salt tolerance. The contents of Na in rice differed depending on culivars and plant parts. Tetep contained 2.9times higher amounts of Na+ than leaf blade and root part. High salt tolerance cultivar Obongbyeo showed a larger decrease in osmotic potential than low salt tolerance cultivar Dunraebyeo suggesting that osmotic adjustment was developed under salt stress conditions in a salt tolerant cultivar . In order to know the IY(identified on grain yeild level using rice cultivars having different salt tolerance the capacity of photosyntheiss was investigated. The capapcity of photosynthesis in cv. Tetep and Obongbyeo having high salt tolerance was much higher that in cv.Dunraebyeo and Nonglim 41 having low salt tolerance.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.133-141
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• 1994

The determination of the tolerance on the lower-level characteristics for the given upper-level characteristics is an indispensable problem in manufacturing industries. The procedure, proposed by Taguchi, for this matter can be easily applied in engineering fields due to its conceptual simplicity. However, the previously developed methods are known to have some limitations in the field applications, because the value of each major factor determining the tolerance cannot be obtained exactly. In this paper, a tolerance design procedure is proposed under the assumption that the major factors to determine the tolerance is uncertain. For the validity of the method proposed in this paper, a hypothetical problem is employed and analyzed.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 여러 시스템들 중 특정 확률적 제약식을 만족시킬 수 있는 시스템들을 시뮬레이션을 통해 판별해내는 새로운 방법론을 제안한다. 한 쌍의 알고리즘을 반복 수행하며 스스로 공차 수준을 조정해 가는 이 방법론은 사용자가 임의로 정하는 공차 수준에 따라 그 판별 성과가 크게 좌우되는 기존의 방법론과는 달리 공차 수준에 영향을 받지 않으면서도 가능 시스템 집합을 정확하게 찾아낼 확률을 일정 수준 이상으로 보장하는 안정적 성과를 제공한다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.557-563
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• 2001

Oral tolerance is thought to play a role in preventing allergic responses and immune-mediated diseases. An improved mouse model of the oral tolerance to Japanese cedar pollen (JCP) as antigen was developed in order to detect induction of the tolerance, and the immunological characteristics of this model were also elucidated. Oral tolerance was induced by C3H/ HeN mice given an oral administration of 10 mg JCP 7 days before immunization with an i.p. injection of 0.1 mg JCP in complete Freunds adjuvant (CFA). The effects of oral JCP on systemic immunity were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of immunoglobulin (Ig) levels in serum collected on day 7 or 14 after immunization. Oral tolerance to JCP was adequately induced on day 7 after immunization and was more effective in C3H/HeN mice than in BALB/c mice. The tolerance was primarily concerned with the decreased serum levels of antigen-specific IgG. In these mice, oral administration of JCP also suppressed various immune responses to the antigen including delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), total Igl level and anti-JCP IgGl level. The suppression of these immune responses by the oral antigen was associated with a significant reduction in interleukin-4 (IL-4) production. These findings therefore indicate that this C3H/HeN mice model has potential use in detecting the induction of oral tolerance by JCP and suggest that this tolerance model may be effective in the treatment and prevention of allergic responses caused by the antigen.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1157-1165
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• 2014

The T-type topology is a three-level topology that has an advantage in terms of its number of switching device and its efficiency when compared to the neutral-point clamped (NPC)-type topology. With the recent increase in the usage of the T-type topology, the interest in its reliability has also increased. Therefore, a tolerance control for a T-type rectifier is necessary to improve the reliability of applications when an open-switch fault occurs. NPC-type rectifiers cannot eliminate input current distortion completely. However, the T-type rectifier is able to restore distorted current. In this paper, a tolerance control for the $S_{x2}$ and $S_{x3}$ open-switch faults of a T-type rectifier is proposed where it is advantageous in terms of efficiency when compared with other tolerance controls. The performance of the proposed tolerance control is verified through simulation and experimental results.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.157-167
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• 2023

The purpose of this research was to determine the degree to which Small-to-Medium Enterprise (SME) owners and operators in Mountain Province were willing to take on financial risk to invest in the capital markets as a potential additional source of income, as well as the extent to which these five indicator variables-particularly their income, expenses, financial goals, liquid cash, and insurance coverage-were influenced by demographic factors. The study used a quantitative approach and employed a descriptive survey research method. The results show that the SME Owners and Operators in Mountain Province have minimal knowledge of capital market investments which makes them moderate investors with a neutral level of financial risk tolerance toward capital market investment. Their marital status, net income, and educational attainment significantly influence their financial risk tolerance level. The respondents also believe that engaging in the capital markets will grow their businesses. Further, the extent of influence of Income, Expenses, Liquid Cash, and Insurance Cover on the financial risk tolerance of the SME owners and operators in Mountain Province a great extent; thus, making them careful in investing in the capital markets, and it is primarily affected by their Net Income. Consequently, the financial goals of SME owners and operators in Mountain Province have a vital role in their financial risk tolerance level.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.903-912
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• 2009

This study is focused on simulation-based dimensional tolerance optimization process (DTOP) to minimize vehicle pulls by reduction of dimensional variation in front suspension system. In previous studies, the effect of tires and wheel alignment sensitivity have mainly been investigated to eliminate vehicle pulls in nominal design condition without allocating optimal tolerance level for selected components, among various factors regarding vehicle pulls such as vehicle design parameters, vehicle weight balance, tires, and environmental factors. Unfortunately, there are wide variations in the real vehicle, and these have impacted actual vehicle pulls, especially wheel alignment effects from suspension geometry variation has not been considered in the previous studies. In the tolerance design of suspension, tolerance variables with the uncertainty such as parts dimensional variation, assembly process, datum position and direction, and assembly tool tolerance has a great influence on the variation of the suspension dimensional performances. This study introduces total vehicle pull prediction model in considering major key factors for vehicle pull sensitivity. The Monte Carlo-based tolerance analysis model using Taguchi robust method is developed to optimize dimensional tolerance parameters, satisfying on the target variation level.