• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.294-302
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• 2019

As a series of fundamental researches on the development of an automatic identification monitoring system for fishing gear. Firstly, the study on the installation method of automated identification buoy for the coastal improvement net fishing net with many loss problems on the west coast was carried out. Secondly, the study was conducted find out how to install an automatic identification buoy for coastal gill net which has the highest loss rate among the fisheries. GPS for fishing was used six times in the coastal waters around Seogwipo city in Jeju Island to determine the developmental status and underwater behavior to conduct a field survey. Next, a questionnaire was administered in parallel on the type of loss and the quantity and location of fishing gear to be developed and the water transmitter. In the field experiment, the data collection was possible from a minimum of 13 hours, ten minutes to a maximum of 20 hours and ten minutes using GPS, identifying the development status and underwater behavior of the coastal gillnet fishing gear. The result of the survey showed that the loss of coastal net fishing gear was in the following order: net (27.3%), full fishing gear (24.2%), buoys, and anchors (18.2%). The causes were active algae (50.0%), fish catches (33.3%) and natural disasters (12.5%). To solve this problem, the installation method is to attach one and two electronic buoys to top of each end of the fishing gear, and one underwater transmitter at both ends of the float line connected to the anchor. By identifying and managing abnormal conditions such as damage or loss of fishing gear due to external factors such as potent algae and cutting of fishing gear, loss of fishing gear can be reduced. If the lost fishing gear is found, it will be efficiently collected.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1-7
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• 2018

In a microcolumn, a miniaturized electrostatic deflector is often adopted to scan an electron beam. Usually, a double octupole deflector is used because it can avoid excessive spherical aberrations by controlling the electron beam path close to the optical axis of the objective lens and has a wide scan field. Studies on microcolumns have been performed to improve the low throughput of an electron column through multiple column applications. On the other hand, as the number of microcolumns increases, the number of wires connected to the components of the microcolumn increases. This will result in practical problems during the process of connecting the wires to electronic controllers outside of the vacuum chamber. To reduce this problem, modified quadrupole and octupole deflectors were examined through simulation analysis by selecting an ultraminiaturized microcolumn with the Einzel lens eliminated. The modified deflectors were designed changing the size of each electrode of the conventional Si octupole deflector. The variations of the scan field and electric field strength were studied by changing the size of active electrodes to which the deflection voltage was to be applied. The scan field increased linearly with increasing deflection voltage. The scan field of the quadrupole deflector and the electric field strength at the center were calculated to be approximately 1.3 ~ 2.0 times larger than those of the octupole deflector depending on the electrode size.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.25-42
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• 2017

Objectives The goal of this review was to investigate clinical, experimental and literature studies of Korean medicine on atopic dermatitis (AD) of Korean children in Korean medicine literature, seeking for the better research methods for more effective treatments. Methods Electronic investigations were practiced on AKOP (The Association of Korean Oriental Pediatrics, http://www.akop.or.kr) to collect theses which were published by J Pediatr Korean Med. The key word 'Atopy' was used for searching to ensure that every related thesis was collected. The publication date was limited from 1996 to 2016. The selected literatures were assessed mainly according to distributions of study type, publication year, scale, treatment and its efficacy. Results 55 papers were selected from 59 studies. In these collected 55 related theses, there were 29 experimental studies (52.73%), 18 clinical studies (32.73%), 8 review studies (14.55%). In the 29 experimental studies, there were 20 studies (68.97%) using NC/Nga mouse as subjects. The mite antigen was used to trigger AD by 8 studies (27.59%). The studies have been utilizing DNCB and DNFB instead of mite antigen since 2011. All the experimental studies showed that the Korean medicine was effective in AD. In total 18 clinical studies, 3 studies (16.67%) were case reports, only 1 thesis (5.56%) was conducted by case control study and the rest were case series studies. 7 studies (38.89%) of 18 studies diagnosed AD according to Hanifin and Rajka's diagnostic criteria (1980), only 1 study (5.56%) according to the Korean standard and the rest 10 studies (55.56%) didn't mention diagnostic criteria. 12 clinical studies (66.67%) showed efficacy in treating AD. There were 10 studies (55.56%) only employing internal treatments and 1 thesis (5.56%) didn't mention the exact prescription. Naesowhajungtang-kamibang, Saenghyeoryunbue-um were used 3 times (16.67%) as the internal medicine respectively. 5 theses (27.78%) were combined with acupuncture therapy. Hegu (LI4), Sanyinjiao (SP6) were used in 4 theses, and Taichong (LR3), Quchi (LI11), Zusanli (ST36) in 3 theses. The number of acupoints chosen from The Spleen meridian of Foot-Taiyin was the largest. There were 8 review theses. 2 were about the foreign oriental medicine, 3 were about the external medicine or external treatment methods, and 3 other studies were about severity scoring systems, the methodological study in the latest clinical study, overview for pattern and results of herbal medicine-derived AD clinical researches. Conclusions The experimental studies and clinical studies showed the effectiveness of Korean medicine treatments. However, this study still needs improving by conducting more comparative studies and using better research methods, in order to find more effective treatments to improve clinical efficacy.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.367-380
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• 2002

Due to recent increase in applications requiring huge amount of data such as spatial data analysis and image analysis, clustering on large databases has been actively studied. In a hierarchical clustering method, a tree representing hierarchical decomposition of the database is first created, and then, used for efficient clustering. Existing hierarchical clustering methods mainly adopted the bottom-up approach, which creates a tree from the bottom to the topmost level of the hierarchy. These bottom-up methods require at least one scan over the entire database in order to build the tree and need to search most nodes of the tree since the clustering algorithm starts from the leaf level. In this paper, we propose a novel top-down hierarchical clustering method that uses multidimensional indexes that are already maintained in most database applications. Generally, multidimensional indexes have the clustering property storing similar objects in the same (or adjacent) data pares. Using this property we can find adjacent objects without calculating distances among them. We first formally define the cluster based on the density of objects. For the definition, we propose the concept of the region contrast partition based on the density of the region. To speed up the clustering algorithm, we use the branch-and-bound algorithm. We propose the bounds and formally prove their correctness. Experimental results show that the proposed method is at least as effective in quality of clustering as BIRCH, a bottom-up hierarchical clustering method, while reducing the number of page accesses by up to 26～187 times depending on the size of the database. As a result, we believe that the proposed method significantly improves the clustering performance in large databases and is practically usable in various database applications.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2022

Reversible data hiding techniques have been developed to hide confidential data in the image by shifting the histogram of the image. These techniques have a weakness in which the security of hidden confidential data is weak. In this paper, to solve this drawback, we propose a technique of triple encrypting confidential data using pixel value information and hiding it in the cover image. When confidential data is triple encrypted using the proposed technique and hidden in the cover image to generate a stego-image, since encryption based on pixel information is performed three times, the security of confidential data hidden by triple encryption is greatly improved. In the experiment to measure the performance of the proposed technique, even if the triple-encrypted confidential data was extracted from the stego-image, the original confidential data could not be extracted without the encryption keys. And since the image quality of the stego-image is 48.39dB or higher, it was not possible to recognize whether confidential data was hidden in the stego-image, and more than 30,487 bits of confidential data were hidden in the stego-image. The proposed technique can extract the original confidential data from the triple-encrypted confidential data hidden in the stego-image without loss, and can restore the original cover image from the stego-image without distortion. Therefore, the proposed technique can be effectively used in applications such as military, medical, digital library, where security is important and it is necessary to completely restore the original cover image.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.72-89
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• 2018

Objectives The objective of this study is to investigate the application of Sifeng point (EX-UE 10) in children and to make suggestions for domestic research and clinical application by reviewing relevant randomized controlled trials. Methods Eight electronic databases including English, Chinese, Korean databases were comprehensively searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of Sifeng point in children up to May 2, 2018. We extracted the year of publication, country, target diseases or symptoms, location of Sifeng, acupuncture method; such as acupuncture tool and depth of insertion, and frequency, number, and duration of the treatment. Results Fifty studies were included for analysis. All the included studies were conducted in China, and studies were published from 1962 to 2017. The most frequent target symptom was anorexia (46%). In addition, Sifeng point was used for digestive diseases or symptoms such as diarrhea, constipation, and mesenteric lymphadenitis, as well as respiratory diseases or symptoms such as cough, cold, acute bronchiolitis, recurrent respiratory tract infections, bronchopneumonia, and asthmatic bronchitis. Also, allergic diseases such as chronic urticaria, and other variety of symptoms such as malnutrition, fever, and iron-deficiency anemia were treated with the Sifeng point. The location of Sifeng points was inconsistent, and the most common location of the Sifeng point was the midpoint of transverse creases of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the index, middle, ring and little fingers (84.2%). The most commonly used acupuncture tool was three-edged needle (40.9%). All included studies have the method of squeezing out blood or mucus from the Sifeng points. The treatment was mostly conducted once per week (35.4%), mostly repeated for 4 times (32.6%). The most common treatment duration was 4 weeks (18.6%). Conclusions We could identify acupuncture method and various indications for the Sifeng points treatment. Based on this study, there is a need for the clinical application and related researches on the Sifeng points in children in Korea. In addition, the treatment location of Sifeng point should be standardized.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.42 no.9 s.339
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• pp.9-18
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• 2005

To make high-performance, low-power transistors beyond the technology node of 60 nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors(C-MOSFETs) possible, the effect of electron mobility of the thickness of strained Si grown on a relaxed SiGe/SiO2/Si was investigated from the viewpoint of mobility enhancement via two approaches. First the parameters for the inter-valley phonon scattering model were optimized. Second, theoretical calculation of the electronic states of the two-fold and four-fold valleys in the strained Si inversion layer were performed, including such characteristics as the energy band diagrams, electron populations, electron concentrations, phonon scattering rate, and phonon-limited electron mobility. The electron mobility in an silicon germanium on insulator(SGOI) n-MOSFET was observed to be about 1.5 to 1.7 times higher than that of a conventional silicon on insulator(SOI) n-MOSFET over the whole range of Si thickness in the SOI structure. This trend was good consistent with our experimental results. In Particular, it was observed that when the strained Si thickness was decreased below 10 nm, the phonon-limited electron mobility in an SGOI n-MOSFT with a Si channel thickness of less than 6 nm differed significantly from that of the conventional SOI n-MOSFET. It can be attributed this difference that some electrons in the strained SGOI n-MOSFET inversion layer tunnelled into the SiGe layer, whereas carrier confinement occurred in the conventional SOI n-MOSFET. In addition, we confirmed that in the Si thickness range of from 10 nm to 3 nm the Phonon-limited electron mobility in an SGOI n-MOSFET was governed by the inter-valley Phonon scattering rate. This result indicates that a fully depleted C-MOSFET with a channel length of less than 15 m should be fabricated on an strained Si SGOI structure in order to obtain a higher drain current.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.31-42
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• 2020

This study is a study on the performance of design services among export voucher projects. In particular, we have identified the actual state of use of design services from the perspective of participating companies and the corresponding problems. The purpose of the study is to provide basic data for the preparation of successful support plans in the field of design services. This study designed a quantitative survey to measure accurate performance of design services using archive records, and the survey was sent three times in total to 135 participating companies. A significant achievement of design services the study found is that the role of design were important in the export of the nation's main industries such as medical/biological/healthcare and electrical/electronic products. In addition, we could see that all participating companies were using design services regardless of the difference in sales. In particular, 96% of participating companies answered that the design service effect was the most effective service. As a result, it proved the importance of design services in export voucher projects, and suggested the importance of introducing a management system as a direction for the development of design services in future export voucher projects. He majored in advertising design at Hongik University's Graduate School of Industrial Art and at the Korea Institute of Design Promotion. It carries out the government's design policy such as design research, design education, and corporate design support. He is currently working as an Invited Designer by Korea Design Exhibition.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.789-798
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• 2013

In the present study, optimization on ${\beta}$-glucanase-assisted extraction was made in order to isolate waxy barley starch from domestic cultivar using the D-optimal design suitable for response surface methodology (RSM). The results demonstrated that the amount of enzyme was found to be a major influencing factor on the extraction yield, which was substantially increased by increasing the amount of enzyme. It was also influenced by the reaction time and amount of water addition; however, the two factors were less influential than the amount of enzyme. The optimized condition by RSM for the reaction time was found to be 2.63 hours and amount of enzyme 1.7%, and amount of water addition 4.38 times the weight of raw material. With the enzyme treatment, the starch content in residues (R), particularly in R1 and R5, was reduced considerably, resulting in an increase in the extraction yield and therefore primarily and effectively releasing B-type starch small granule confirmed by scanning electronic microscopy. In addition, the study determined the physicochemical properties of isolated waxy starch (i.e., purity, water adsorption capacity, thermal properties, rheology and starch morphology) and compared them with those from the enzyme-not treated sample. It was found that they were almost similar to each other, except for the purity of starch, which was lower in the enzyme-treated sample than in the enzyme-not treated one.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.705-710
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• 2017

This paper proposes an estimation method of populations of Grapholita molestas using object segmentation and an SVM classifier in the moth images. Object segmentation and moth classification were performed on images of Grapholita molestas moth acquired on a pheromone trap equipped in an orchard. Object segmentation consisted of pre-processing, thresholding, morphological filtering, and object labeling process. The classification of Grapholita molestas in the moth images consisted of the training and classification of an SVM classifier and estimation of the moth populations. The object segmentation simplifies the moth classification process by segmenting the individual objects before passing an input image to the SVM classifier. The image blocks were extracted around the center point and principle axis of the segmented objects, and fed into the SVM classifier. In the experiments, the proposed method performed an estimation of the moth populations for 10 moth images and achieved an average estimation precision rate of 97%. Therefore, it showed an effective monitoring method of populations of Grapholita molestas in the orchard. In addition, the mean processing time of the proposed method and sliding window technique were 2.4 seconds and 5.7 seconds, respectively. Therefore, the proposed method has a 2.4 times faster processing time than the latter technique.