• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.389-399
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• 1998

this study was focused on the effects of fire on spatial change of vegetation landscape in rural region. Fire types recognized as erown fire, severe surface fire and light surface fire in order of increasing intensity were described in a fire map. GIS was introduced to understand the relationship between fire types and topographic conditions or vegetation types. We also investigated land-use type and regeneration strategies after burning. Fire intensity depended on topographic conditions and vegetation types. Special land-use type in this area was collection of edible mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake). Mushrooms had been obtained from Pinus densiflora forests existing as edaphic climax or managed artificially. Regeneration strategy in burned areas was to make sprouts from burned oak stumps. A higher density and growth rate of sprouts, as compared to those on unburned areas, facilitated vegetation succession from P. densiflora forest to oak forest and consequently led to change of landscape pattern.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.116-123
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• 2013

Currently, most automobiles have automatic transmission systems. The gear-shifting strategy used to generate shift patterns in transmission systems plays an important role in improving the performance of vehicles. However, conventional transmission systems have a fixed type of shift map, so it may not be enough to provide an efficient gear-shifting pattern to satisfy the demands of driver. In this study, we developed an intelligent strategy to handle these problems. This approach is based on a normalized radial basis function neural network, which can generate a flexible gear-shift pattern to satisfy the demands of drivers, including comfortable travel and fuel consumption. The method was verified through simulations.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2001

The study of home injury and injury prevention has been a neglected area of research and practice. This study has the following purposes: 1) to describe the pattern of home injuries; 2) to analyze the differences in injuries by social characteristics; and 3) to compare the impact of safety structure and action. The data were collected by person-to-person interviews with 450 residents living in Wonju area. The statistical methods used for the analysis were $\chi$2-test and multiple logistic regression. The results are as follows: 1) Whether or not a certain injury has occurred varies by household type. The elderly household reported more injuries than other types of household. 2) Using logistic regression method, we found that safety-related behavioral habit was statistically significant in predicting injury occurrence. However, residence type was not a statistically significant variable. This indicates that cognitive change strategy is more important than structural change strategy.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.267-277
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• 1990

이 논문에서는 인공지능의 기본적인 문제풀이 기법인 상태공간 탐색을 이용하여 한글을 구성하는 기본자소를 분리하여 인식하는 방법을 제안하였다. 자소분리와 인식과정을 보다 밀접하게 결합하기 위하여 문제를 상태공간에 표현하고, 이 공간을 탐색하여 풀이하였다. 그리고 탐색효율을 향상시키기 위하여 한글의 조합규칙에 입각한 구조정보와 매트릭스 평면에서 각 자소가 갖는 위치정보를 이용하였으며, 컴퓨터실험을 통하여 그 유용성을 확인하였다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.313-326
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• 2007

최근 대수 교육과정에서 패턴들을 표현하면서 일반적인 규칙을 인식하고 설명하는 것이 하나의 대안으로 제시되고 강조되고 있다. 우리나라 역시 제 7 차 교육과정에서 '규칙성과 함수' 영역과 관련하여 초등학교 과정에서 다양한 형태의 패턴활동을 지도하고 있다. 그러나 최근 패턴활동을 통한 학습에 대한 연구에서 학생들의 어려움과 문제점이 지적되고 있다. 이 글에서는 우리나라 초등학교 교육과정에 많이 도입되고 있는 시각적 패턴의 탐구 활동을 통한 일반화 과정을 중심으로 하여, 시각적 패턴의 일반화 과정에서의 다양한 접근과 학생들의 사고전략, 기호화 상태를 고찰한다. 그리고 시각적 패턴의 일반화, 기호화의 어려움을 논의하고 시각적 패턴의 탐구 활동 학습을 위한 몇 가지 제안을 하였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.39-56
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• 2010

Structural Control relies, with a great deal, on the ability of the control algorithm to identify the current state of the system, at any given point in time. When such algorithms are designed to perform in a smart manner, several smart technologies/devices are called upon to perform tasks that involve pattern recognition and control. Smart pattern recognition is proposed to replace/enhance traditional state identification techniques, which require the extensive manipulation of intricate mathematical equations. Smart pattern recognition techniques attempt to emulate the behavior of the human brain when performing abstract pattern identification. Since these techniques are largely heuristic in nature, it is reasonable to ensure their reliability under real life situations. In this paper, a neural network pattern recognition scheme is explored. The pattern identification of three structural systems is considered. The first is a single bay three-story frame. Both the second and the third models are variations on benchmark problems, previously published for control strategy evaluation purposes. A Neural Network was developed and trained to identify the deformed shape of structural systems under earthquake excitation. The network was trained, for each individual model system, then tested under the effect of a different set of earthquake records. The proposed smart pattern identification scheme is considered an integral component of a Smart Structural System. The Reliability assessment of such component represents an important stage in the evaluation of an overall reliability measure of Smart Structural Systems. Several studies are currently underway aiming at the identification of a reliability measure for such smart pattern recognition technique.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.505-510
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• 2000

Vehicle performances such as fuel consumption and catalyst-out emissions are affected by a driving pattern, which is defined as a driving cycle with the grade in this study. We developed an algorithm to recognize a current driving pattern by using a neural network. And this algorithm can be used in adapting the driving control strategy to the recognized driving pattern. First, we classified the general driving patterns into 6 representative driving patterns, which are composed of 3 urban driving patterns, 2 suburban driving patterns and 1 expressway driving pattern. A total of 24 parameters such as average cycle velocity, positive acceleration kinetic energy, relative duration spent at stop, average acceleration and average grade are chosen to characterize the driving patterns. Second, we used a neural network (especially the Hamming network) to decide which representative driving pattern is closest to the current driving pattern by comparing the inner products between them. And before calculating inner product, each element of the current and representative driving patterns is transformed into 1 and -1 array as to 4 levels. In the end, we simulated the driving pattern recognition algorithm in a temporary pattern composed of 6 representative driving patterns and, verified the reliable recognition performance.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제53권11호
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• pp.768-775
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• 2004

The SSA technique in the digital circuit test is required to be repeated the input pattern stream to n bits output nodes n times in case of using a multiplexor. Because the method adopting a parallel/serial bit convertor to remove this inefficiency has disadvantage of requiring the test time n times for a pattern, the test strategy is required, which can enhance the test productivity by reducing the test time based on simplified fault detection mechanism. Accordingly, this paper proposes a test strategy which enhances the test productivity and efficiency by appling PAS (Parallel Signature Analysis) technique to those after analyzing the structure and characteristics of the digital devices including TTL and CMOS family ICs as well as ROM and RAM. The PSA technique identifies the faults by comparing the reminder from good device with reminder from the tested device. At this time, the reminder is obtained by enforcing the data stream obtained from output pins of the tested device on the LFSR(Linear Feedback Shift Resister) representing the characteristic equation. Also, the method to obtain the optimal signature analyzer is explained by furnishing the short bit input streams to the long bit input streams to the LFSR having 8, 12, 16, 20bit input/output pins and by analyzing the occurring probability of error which is impossible to detect. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed test strategy is verified by simulating the stuck at 1 errors or stuck at 0 errors for several devices on typical 8051 digital board.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.159-159
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• 2004

이동 통신망의 수요가 증가함에 따라 보다 많은 가입자를 수용하기 위해 셀의 크기가 소형화되고 이는 잦은 위치 갱신을 유발시켜 위치 관리 비용의 증가를 가져왔다. 이와 같은 위치 관리 비용을 줄이기 위해 본 논문에서는 호 수신 확률에 근거한 위치 관리 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 단말이 새로운 LA로 진입 할 때 그 LA에서 호 수신 확률과 현재까지의 위치 갱신 생략 횟수를 고려하여 위치 갱신 여부를 결정한다. 이 때 호 수신 확률은 단말의 이동 성향에 관한 예측 정보에 의해서 계산된다. 성능을 검증하기 위해 시뮬레이션을 수행하였고 그 결과, 예측 정보가 맞을 경우 위치 갱신 비용을 상당히 줄일 수 있으며 예측 정보가 어긋나더라도 최소한 기존 표준안(IS-41)의 위치 관리 비용을 초과하지 않음을 시뮬레이션을 통해 알 수 있었다. 또한 예측 정보 유지와 같은 유사한 형태의 오버헤드를 요구하는 AS(Alternative Strategy)와도 시뮬레이션을 통해 성능을 비교하고 제안한 기법의 성능이 우수함을 보였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

이동 통신망의 수요가 증가함에 따라 보다 많은 가입자를 수용하기 위해 셀의 크기가 소형화되고 이는 잦은 위치 갱신을 유발시켜 위치 관리 비용의 증가를 가져왔다. 이와 같은 위치 관리 비용을 줄이기 위해 본 논문에서는 호 수신 확률에 근거한 위치 관리 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 단말이 새로운 LA로 진입 할 때 그 LA에서 호 수신 확률과 현재까지의 위치 갱신 생략 횟수를 고려하여 위치 갱신 여부를 결정한다. 이 때 호 수신 확률은 단말의 이동 성향에 관한 예측 정보에 의해서 계산된다. 성능을 검증하기 위해 시뮬레이션을 수행하였고 그 결과, 예측 정보가 맞을 경우 위치 갱신 비용을 상당히 줄일 수 있으며 예측 정보가 어긋나더라도 최소한 기존 표준안(IS-41)의 위치 관리 비용을 초과하지 않음을 시뮬레이션을 통해 알 수 있었다. 또한 예측 정보 유지와 같은 유사한 형태의 오버헤드를 요구하는 AS(Alternative Strategy)와도 시뮬레이션을 통해 성능을 비교하고 제안한 기법의 성능이 우수함을 보였다.