• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the high school-girls' trait-state anger, personal relationship position in class and bullying behaviors, and to develope the nursing intervention to prevent the damages of young people's mind according to the bullying conditions. Method : The objects of this study chose from the girls high schools in 'D' city and 233 students answered the questions. The data were collected from June. 11 to 20. 2001. The major instruments used for this study were Trait Anger-State Anger Scale(Chon, 1995) to inquire the level of anger and Bullying Behaviors Scale(Kim, 2000) and personal relationship position in class. Statistical analysis for the research included descriptive statistics, t-test and correlational analysis, and for the analysis of data the SPSS program was used. Result : The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1) Total participant's trait anger had a positive correlation with state anger and bullying behaviors. Also, state anger was positively correlated to bullying behaviors. 2) The participants in the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon showed higher score of trait anger and bullying behaviors than those in the classes with non-perceived bullying phenomenon. 3) According to personal relationship position of the class, central group of the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon showed higher score of trait anger and bullying behaviors than those of the classes with non-perceived bullying phenomenon. 4) Also, central group of the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon showed higher score of bullying behaviors than peripheral group in the same classes. 5) The peripheral group of the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon showed higher score of bullying behaviors than those of the classes with non-perceived bullying phenomenon. 6) Central group's trait anger of the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon had a positive correlation to state anger and bullying behaviors. Also, central group's state anger was positively correlated to bullying behaviors. conclusion : In conclusion, the level of trait anger and state anger in high school girls affected to occur the bullying behaviors in students and especially, the trait anger in central group students was primary factor for the effect.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2008

Purpose: The study was designed to examine the relationship of perceived entrapment to anger and depression in adolescent women. Method: Seven hundred sixty-five adolescent women were recruited from two high schools located in Seoul, Korea for a descriptive study. The instruments used were The Entrapment Scale for perceived entrapment, Spielberger's state trait anger expression inventory-Korean version for state anger and trait anger, and The Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) for depression. Results: The score of perceived entrapment significantly correlated with state anger, trait anger and depression. The significant predictors of depression in adolescent women were perceived entrapment, state anger and trait anger explaining 47.6% of the variance in depression. Conclusion: This study showed that perceived entrapment is an important predictor for depression. Therefore, in order to reduce depression in adolescent women, it is necessary to design an intervention program that helps with coping and reduces perceived entrapment.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.1234-1242
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• 2004

Purpose: This cross-sectional study was designed to identify anger-expression types of adolescent women and investigate the relation between the identified anger-expression types and their problem behaviors and health status. Method: One hundred ninety nine high school freshmen were recruited from September to November, 2003. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, 2-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple comparison test. Result: Three anger-expression types in adolescent women were found; Anger-out/in, Anger-control/in, and Anger-control type. Adolescent women with frequently using the anger-out/in type and with higher state anger reported more delinquent behaviors, more health risk behaviors, and higher psychosomatic symptoms. However, adolescent women with lower state anger and frequently using the anger-control type reported more depression scores. Conclusion: There is a need to further clarify the relationship between anger-expression type sand depression in adolescent women. The findings suggest the necessity of a development of the program for lowering the anger level and controlling the unfavorable anger expression types such as the anger-out in.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.354-361
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between health promoting behaviors and state anger and modes of anger expression in elderly women. Method: In this descriptive correlational study, the participants were 143 elderly women who lived in D city. Data were collected from September to December, 2004. Personal interviews with a structured questionnaire were used. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS Win 11.0 program. Results: The score for health promoting behavior in the elderly women was above the mean score, The dimension with the highest score was nutrition and the dimension with the lowest score was exercise. A significant negative correlation was found between health promoting behaviors and state anger, anger-in(suppression of anger) and anger-out(expression of anger) in elderly women. But there was a significant positive correlation between health promoting behaviors and anger discussion. Conclusion: State anger, anger-out, anger-in as negative variable and anger discussion as a Positive variable were identified. These results suggest that anger should be considered as an important factor when nurses develop educational programs to enhance health promoting behavior in elderly women.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.888-895
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• 2005

Purpose: This cross-sectional study was designed to identify anger-expression types in late school-age children and investigate the relation between the identified anger-expression types and their health status. Method: One thousand twenty seven children in elementary school fifth and sixth grades were recruited from November to December, 2004. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, 2-test, ANOV A, Duncan's multiple comparison test, and Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: Three anger-expression types in late school-age children were found; Anger-out/in, Anger-control, and Low anger-expression types. Children frequently using the anger-out/in type among the three types and with a higher state anger reported higher psychosomatic symptoms and depression. Children from a divorced or separated family reported higher state anger. Conclusion: This study suggests that a specific anger management program needs to be developed for late school-age children with high state anger and frequently using the anger out/in expression type. For understanding the anger level and the anger expression types of Korean school-age children, further research needs to be done with large samples using a randomized sampling method.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2013

Objectives: A descriptive correlational study was designed to examine the relationship of anger to psychosomatic symptoms. In addition, this study investigated the mediating effect of parental attachment in relation to anger and other variable. Methods: Data were collected from 112 subjects in grade 4 or 6, and descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierachical multiple regression were used with SPSS/PC 18.0 program to analyze the data. Results: There was a significantly positive effects between state-trait anger and psychosomatic symptoms. Father attachment negatively correlated state-trait anger and psychosomatic symptoms. Also, mother attachment negatively correlated state anger and psychosomatic symptoms. However, maternal attachment was not significantly associated with trait anger. Parental attachment had a significant mediating effect in relation to state-trait anger and psychosomatic symptoms. Conclusions: For the effective management of multi-cultural children's psychosomatic symptoms, programs including parental attachment increasing strategies should be established. These programs can increase parental attachment security which is mediator role between anger and psychosomatic symptoms.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.7-21
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was identify the level of stress, anger and anger expression in the clinical setting and identify the relation ships between anger and stress of nursing students in the clinical setting. A convenient sample of 213 junior college of nursing students was used for the study. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation Coefficients. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1. The average stress score in the clinical setting of subjects was 3.87. The higher level of stress in the clinical setting was 4.10 in domain of nurses, 4.10 in domain of human relationships, 4.07 in domain of report and 3.89 in domain of relationship between nursing theory and practice. 2. The average state-anger score of subjects was 1.54. 3. The average anger-out score of anger expression mode was 1.66 and 2.36 in anger-in. 4. The state-anger was found significantly related to stress of nursing students in the clinical setting (r=0.256 p<0.001). In the relationship between state- anger and stress in the clinical setting, environment, patient relationship, between nursing theory and practice, nurses, report, orientation were significantly positive correlation . 5. The anger-out of anger expression mode was not found significantly related to stress of nursing students in the clinical setting. 6. The anger-in of anger expression mode was found significantly related to stress of nursing students in the clinical setting (r=0.205 p<0.01). In the relationship between anger-in of anger expression mode and stress in the clinical setting, environment, patient, nurses, human relationships, conference were significantly positive correlation.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.133-145
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• 2014

Objectives In this study, we tried to examine that Sasang Constitutional differences affect the direction of the treatment of anger by comparing the effect of mindfulness meditation for anger scale in accordance with the difference of the constitution. Methods We analysed 105 college student's Constitution by Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification II and the effect of mindfulness meditation for anger by State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory Korean version(STAXI-K), Korean Version of the Behavioral Anger Response Questionnaire(K-BARQ). Volunteers who participated in this study were 105 people, except for person that did not properly entered the anger scale and Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification II, the subjects of analysis for State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory Scale were 45 and for the Behavioral Anger Scale were 49. Results & Conclusions The result of the effects of mindfulness meditation according to Sasang Constitution was as follows. The tendency to try to disperse and avoid the anger was increased through meditation for all subjects. The diffusion of male subjects and the avoidance of female subjects was increased. The effect of meditation on anger did not differ according to Sasang Constitution, constitutional differences did not affect the effects of meditation. The tendency of avoidance of anger was increased in Soyangin, Anger-out was decreased and the tendency of avoidance and diffusion of anger were decreased in Taeeumin through meditation.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2012

Objectives: The study has a purpose of contributing to understanding children of multi-cultural families and healthy development of children by examining influences of parental attachment perceived by the children on their anger trait and anger expressions. Methods: The data were collected from 113 students in grade 4~6, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, pearson correlation coefficient by the SPSS/PC 18.0 program. Results: The result showed the stable attachment with parents significantly influences children's anger and expression(anger out/control). And mother's attachment was significantly stronger than father's attachment, especially mutual trust and communication. Father's attachment had significantly negative influences state-trait anger and anger out/in, and mother's attachment had significantly negative influences state-trait anger and anger out. Actually father's attachment had stronger influences children's anger and anger expression. Conclusions: There was relationship between father's attachment and anger trait/ expression by children of multi-cultural families. For the effective management of multi-cultural children's anger, programs focusing on improving father-child relationships need to be established.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.288-294
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assess anger of middle school adolescents in an urban community using State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI)-Korean and Korean Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL), and to determine whether specific anger expression of adolescents is associated with certain psychopathology including depression. Methods : Data were collected from 395 middle school students and their parents in Incheon city. The students completed the STAXI, Children's Depression Inventory, Korean version of Mood disorder Questionnaire, and Conners-Wells' Adolescent Self-Report Scale (Short Form), and their parents completed the K-CBCL. Results : No significant correlation was observed between aggression subscale K-CBCL and each scale of the STAXI, except anger out (r=0.704). The scores for STAXI total and respective scales were significantly higher for female students than male students. A stepwise logistic regression model was used to explore the possible predictors for depression in adolescents and lower anger control and higher anger suppression were found to be predictors for depression in adolescence. Conclusion : There is a possibility of a large discrepancy between anger that the adolescents actually feel and parents' judgment of their children's anger. It must be considered in assessment of adolescent anger and use of further structured interviews is necessary. In addition, it may be useful to consider the anger expression style in adolescents who report depressive symptoms.