• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2002

Objective : To estimate the status of HIV infection and AIDS incidence using a back-calculation model in Korea. Methods : Back-calculation is a method for estimating the past infection rate using AIDS incidence data. The method has been useful for obtaining short-term projections of AIDS incidence and estimating previous HIV prevalence. If the density of the incubation periods is known, together with the AIDS incidence, we can estimate historical HIV infections and forecast AIDS incidence in any time period up to time t. In this paper, we estimated the number of HIV infections and AIDS incidence according to the distribution of various incubation periods Results : The cumulative numbers of HIV infection from 1991 to 1996 were $708{\sim}1,426$ in Weibull distribution and $918{\sim}1,980$ in Gamma distribution. The projected AIDS incidence in 1997 was $16{\sim}25$ in Weibull distribution and $13{\sim}26$ in Gamma distribution. Conclusions : The estimated cumulative HIV infections from 1991 to 1996 were $1.4{\sim}4.0$ times more than notified cumulative HIV infections. Additionally, the projected AIDS incidence in 1997 was less than the notified AIDS cases. The reason for this underestimation derives from the very low level of HIV prevalence in Korea, further research is required for the distribution of the incubation period of HIV infection in Korea, particularly for the effects of combination treatments.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.99-116
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• 2014

The American Concrete Institute (ACI) 318-11 permits the use of the moment magnifier method for computing the design ultimate strength of slender reinforced concrete columns that are part of braced frames. This computed strength is influenced by the column effective length factor K, the equivalent uniform bending moment diagram factor $C_m$ and the effective flexural stiffness EI among other factors. For this study, 2,960 simple braced frames subjected to short-term loads were simulated to investigate the effect of using different methods of calculating the effective length factor K when computing the strength of columns in these frames. The theoretically computed column ultimate strengths were compared to the ultimate strengths of the same columns computed from the ACI moment magnifier method using different combinations of equations for K and EI. This study shows that for computing the column ultimate strength, the current practice of using the Jackson-Moreland Alignment Chart is the most accurate method for determining the effective length factor. The study also shows that for computing the column ultimate strength, the accuracy of the moment magnifier method can be further improved by replacing the current ACI equation for EI with a nonlinear equation for EI that includes variables affecting the column stiffness and proposed in an earlier investigation.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.171-178
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• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this study is investigation of relationship between HRV(Heart Rate Variability) and Hwa-Byung in general population. Methods: HBDIS(Hwa-Byung Diagnostic Interview Schedule) was carried out for 658 participants in Wonju Cohort study that include short term electrode HRV test. We also classified whole participants into sex. Collected data was analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test. Result: SDNN(Standard Deviation of NN interval) was significant different in HRV between Normal and Hwa-Byung of male participants. Conclusion: In the findings of this study, Hwa-Byung is not closely related to the autonomic nerve system.

• The Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.77-83
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• 1991

In this study the investigation were carried out on short-term breakdown characteristics of the compound material dependent on change of filler quantity, ambient temperature(room temperature~[$190[^{\circ}C$]) and kinds of voltage sources for the compound materials of Bisphenol- A epoxy resins filled with $SiO_2$ particles. As the results, obtained the dielectric breakdown strength generally decrease as increasing the quantity of filler and the distance, spacing of each's particles, decrease as increasing the quantity of filler, when the distance is less than [$7.5\mu\textrm{m}$], dielectric breakdown strength is nearly constant. In the case on AC voltage dielectric strength of filled epoxy resins is stronger than nonfilled epoxy resins on temperature region more than $130[^{\circ}C$].

• Toxicological Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.265-274
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• 1997

Uhwangchungsimwon(UC) is widely used as a herbal medicine on various circulatory disorders in Korea. The objective of this investigation was to characterize the acute, subacute hepatotoxic potency of orally administered UC in rats. In the acute and short-term studies, male rats of 150~170g were gavaged with 0, 7.5 g/kg once daily for up to 1, 5, 10 consecutive days. No differences in body weight, serum enzyme activities, absolute and relative liver weight and histopathological examination on liver between control and UC-fed groups were found. In the subacute study, UC was administered orally to both sexes of rats for 30 days(0, 1.875, 3.75 or 7.5 g/kg/day). There were no-doserelated hepatotoxic signs of general symptoms, body weight gain, water consumption and serum biochemical analysis. Slight decreases of food consumption observed at 3.75 and 7.5 g/kg groups of both sexes were due to be full of UC fed. Gross necropsy and histopathology revealed no evidence of hepatotoxicity related to UC. Our data indicate that hepatotoxicity was not caused by administration of UC up to 7.5 g/kg/dayfor 30 days in rats.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.11-18
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• 2016

This study aims at proposing the efficient settlement of middle school district and the appropriate allotment of middle school student. It focuses on the middle school district in Sejong city where has recently been developed. Firstly this study analyzes the long-term plans of school establishment, the current state of the student accommodation and the number of increasing students according to the continuing developments. To set up the efficient school district, it investigates the number of students per school district, school location and the commuting condition to each school. Throughout a question investigation to school parents, it analyzes the school choice factors - distant to school, school environment, school facilities, teacher's passion, the school curriculum, and so on. Furthermore it carries out focus group interview(FGI) targeting parents and teachers. It proposes a short-distance allotment method as an appropriate disposition of middle school student in Sejong city, which conducts a process of the first-application and the later-draw with a community as a unit.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.30-40
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• 2004

Lichen is one of the most widely distributed eucaryotic organisms in the world. Lichen is the result of a symbiotic association between two unrelated organisms - a fungus and an alga (or cyanobacterium). In USA, Japan and European countries, there has been a resurgence of interest in lichens as source of novel, pharmacologically active molecules during the last 20 years. However, lichen researches in Korean lichens were mainly focused on investigation of Korean lichen flora and most of them were primitive and short-term based projects until 1990s. In this communication, general introduction of lichens was attempted to draw the attention of Korean researchers to Korean lichen bioresource. Research activities on Korean lichens during the past were also summarized. Recent progress in Korean lichen research is briefly discussed with emphasis of KoLRI (Korean Lichen Research Institute) activities and roles in national researches projects on bioresource development in Korea.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.441-447
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of educating 5th graders in elementary school about Korean traditional fermented soy products. The percentage of correct answers from the educated group increased after nutrition education compared to the non-educated group (p<0.001). The perceptions and attitudes regarding Korean traditional fermented soy products increased significantly after nutrition education (p<0.05). Analysis of the preference for Korean traditional fermented soy products based on participation in nutrition education showed that both groups were not significantly different in all categories including soybean paste, soy sauce, and red pepper paste. The investigation on differences in intake frequency of Korean traditional fermented soy products showed that both groups did not display statistically significant differences in all categories including soybean paste, soy sauce, and red pepper paste. These results confirmed that the nutrition education activity program had positive effects in correcting 5th graders' knowledge, perceptions and attitudes regarding Korean traditional fermented soy products. However, it did not significantly affect their preferences and intake frequency. This indicates that short-term education cannot effect changes in preference or actual behaviors. Therefore, continuous nutrition education activities are required.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.34-40
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• 2004

Very Large Floating Structure(VLFS) is regarded as one of promising candidates for the future utilization of ocean space. VLFS has the merits of small environmental effect. short construction term, easiness for extension and removal. It is well known that hydroelastic response is one of major design concerns of such a huge structure. Most of studies on the hydroelastic analysis of VLFS assumed uniform mass and bending stiffness. In case of a floating hotel where noticeable change of mass and stiffness at the hotel part is expected. it is necessary to investigate the effect of nonuniform mass and bending stiffness on the hydroelastic response. A model test of a pontoon type VLFS with nonuniform bending stiffness carried out for performance evaluation of a floating marina-hotel-convention center is described in this paper. Through investigation of model test results and comparison with numerical analysis using eigenfunction method, effect of the variation of bending stiffness is discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.113-118
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• 2007

Now a performance process of Demolition works is 'Before-Removal & After-Classification' method in Korea. This method is short of demolition time, but construction wastes contained substances lower recycling rate of construction, raise expenses of reclamation & treatment. Then the government has decided upon a positive 'Before-Classification & After-Removal' method, and substantially raise a recycling rate of construction wastes. Therefore, this study makes an investigation into state of internal and external demolition field through evaluating technological level, we make a proposal of dismantling method from there. Also, we put dismantling to the test in an apartment by proposed work process. As the result, it made a term of works increased for removing interior material. To solve this problem, we need to develop tools and methods of construction that can remove efficiently. From now on, we continuously need to study a breakdown system of dismantling, analysis of dismantling process and general system by inspecting entire demolition process. And we have to study details for making a specific thesis of method of removing interior material which was based on developing a suitable partial demolition machine and dismantling works.