• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.335-344
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• 2008

In recent years, public complaints against railroad noise by KTX and Ordinary train have been rising. Regulation of railways noise uses same standard without distinguishing the type of railroad cars. According to the type of railroad cars, the frequency characteristics of emitting noise is different. Therefore it is requested to know how the public response vary to each types of railroad cars. The noise annoyance from three types of trains(KTX, electric train, diesel train) was analyzed by jury evaluation test for assessing the effect of frequency characteristics. The numerical results by a semantic differential method showed that annoyance response to three type of trains depended on the frequency characteristics. As a result, this study proposed that the KTX could have a bonus level of maximum 2.9 dB(A) compared to ordinary train.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2007.12a
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• pp.136-137
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• 2007

This study was to analyze the visual preference of the port landscapes for North port in Busan. Preference related variables came from Semantic Differential(SD) method and then were conducted by the factor analysis. Multiple regression was done for the relationship between the preference and factors. The result found 4 factors, including dynamics, stability, pleasantness and healthiness. Much importance was placed on dynamics among them. Therefore, building port landscapes and their image attracting viewers should consider dynamics in terms of port landscape plan and user attraction development for visual quality management.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2015

PURPOSES : While driving, drivers are usually limited in communicating with others except for using the horn. Excessive use of the horn may cause noise pollution, quarrels between drivers and pedestrians, damage, etc. This study developed a methodology for environmental adaptation and improvements of vehicle horns. METHODS: In this study, we performed a literature review of previous studies and related technologies regarding the overuse and damage of the horn. The proposed methodology employed the paired comparison method, as well as the semantic differential method. These methods can consider various vehicle horns, such as the Sport Utility Vehicle(SUV) Horn, Van Horn, and Buzzer. In addition, we conducted a factor analysis in order to provide a direction for improvement of future horns. This research provides a means of complimenting existing intellectual property related to vehicle horns. RESULTS: As a result, the most preferred of the selected horns were the Buzzer at 86.7%. In addition, based on the factor analysis, the horns could be classified into pleasantness and comfort factors. The results indicate a positive reaction for various vehicle horns. The horn type and size of the process control have been properly developed considering the position of the vehicle and the surrounding noise measurements. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the proposed methodology, public and private sectors can use fundamental data for reasonable traffic-noise control policies.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.196-202
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• 2001

In order to investigate the relationship between subjective sensation for fabric sound and touch and the objective measurements, eight different apparel fabrics were selected as specimens. Sound parameters of fabrics including level pressure of total sound (LPT), level range (ΔL), and frequency differences (Δf) and mechanical properties by Kawabata Evaluation System (KES) were obtained. For subjective evaluation, seven aspects of the sound (softness, loudness, pleasantness, sharpness, clearness, roughness, and highness) and eight of the tough (hardness, smoothness, fineness, coolness, pliability, crispness, heaviness, and thickness) were rated using semantic differential scale. Polyester ultrasuede was evaluated to sound softer and more pleasant while polyester taffeta to sound louder and rougher than any other fabrics. Wool fabric such as worsted and woolen showed similar sensation for sound but differed in some touch sensation in that woolen was coarseast, heaviest, and thickest in touch. In the prediction model for sound sensation, LPT affected positively subjective roughness and highness as well as loudness, while ΔL was found as a parameter related positively with softness and pleasantness. Touch sensation was explained by some of mechanical properties such as surface, compressional, shear, and bending properties implying that a touch sensation could be expressed by a variety of properties.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1052-1059
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• 1998

The purposes of the study were to analyse the colors and, color combinations effect on the image perception using gestalt theory. The research method was a quasi-experimental with a between subjects design. The experimental materials developed for the study were a set of stimuli and a response scale. The stimuli was consisted of 17 drawings of females wearing Korean traditional dress, by using CAD simulation. A response scale consisted of semantic differential scales. The subjects were 1138 undergraduate students of Taejon city, Chungnam province and Chungbuk province. Their responses to the semantic differential scales were analyzed using factor analysis, ANOVA, Duncans multiple range test. Results were as follows; 1) The colors effect of blouse was significantly greater than the effect of skirt, and no interaction effect was found between blouse colors and skirt colors. 2) In bi-color combination dress set, the combined image of the two colors were compared to the image of the two mono color sets: No single principle was found, however, salient color (such as yellow) and unattractive color (such as green) seemed to act as central trait colors on the image perception. On conclusion the visual image of Korean traditional dress wearer was affected by central trait colors in bi-color combination, and this results support the gestalt theory with central traits.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.265-269
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• 2008

This study was to analyze the visual preference of the port landscapes for North port in Busan. Preference related variables came from Semantic Differential(SD) method and then were conducted by the factor analysis. Multiple regression was done for the relationship between the preference and factors. The result found 4 factors, including dynamics, stability, pleasantness and healthiness. Much importance was placed on dynamics among them. Therefore, building port landscapes and their image attracting viewers should consider dynamics in terms of port landscape plan and user attraction development for visual quality management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1160-1168
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• 2008

The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of motif categories and motif colors on evaluating impressions of dress wearers. The research was conducted on a quasi experimental basis, with subjects numbering 187 male and 207 female college students. Data were collected in the period from march 19th to march 31st, 2007. A set of stimuli of dress wearers and semantic differential scales were developed. The stimuli were thirteen photographs editing by Youngwoo CAD system. Variables included; (a) motif colour(red, blue, achromatic and white) (b) motif categories(flower, paisley, stripes, zebra effect and plain). The semantic differential scale to measure impressions of dress wearer stimuli included 22 sets of hi-polar adjectives. The data were analysed by factor analysis and ANOVA and the major finding were as follows. Four factors emerged to account for dimension of impression. There were salience, attractiveness, comfort and femininity. The motif category effected on the four impression dimensions while the motif color effected on salience, comfort and softness sensory dimensions, and the results supported the gestalt theory of the impression perception.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.33-41
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• 2011

To evaluate the value of a preserved tree as rural landscape resource, the growth environment and health condition was investigated, and the image evaluation was implemented on land~ape architectural major undergraduate students for zelkova trees in Yesan-gun. The image evaluation results of zelkova trees were as followings; 1) Typical image of preserved tree examined by Semantic Differential Scale were 'Old', 'Big', and 'Good'. 2) The 'big' image of zelkova tree and the height of tree, the width of tree crown, the breast girth of tree, the root girth of tree, the external formation of tree, and the health of tree bark is mutually related. Especially, the correlation between the 'big' and the external formation and the width of tree crown is high. 3) Typical image of preserved tree examined by Likert Scale were 'Natural', 'Green', 'Peaceful', and 'Rural'. 4) The preservation necessity for preserved tree was highly related with the state of ground, and the management necessity for preserved tree was highly related with contamination level and the state of ground. The appropriate management plan for preserved tree are proposed to improve the quality of rural landscape(basis of these results).

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.33-40
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• 2003

This research was conducted to propose a sensibility model for web site design. At first, we collected 100 sensibility words related to web site design through analysis of journal and questionnaires and analysis of dictionary. 16 web sites were rated according to the degree of sensibility corresponding to each words, on the basis of the Semantic Differential(SD) method. The results of assessment were analyzed by means of the factor analysis and Multidimensional Scaling(MDS) method. From this relational analysis of sensibility words, the 18 representative words were abstracted as a result of the research included unique, unusual, rich, soft, cold, warm, vivid, simple, neat, dynamic, urban, light, somber, bright, dark, fresh, masculine, and hard. Also three sensibility dimensions bright-dark, soft-hard, simple-rich were found.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.1223-1228
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• 2010

The conventional noise control attempts to simply reduce the level of product noise. But it is very straight forward way that we have considered human perception on noise. Since human listening is very sensitive to sound. Evaluation of the sound quality of a vacuum cleaner is studied base on human sensibility engineering. In this paper, we choose six vacuum cleaners that are sold in Korea and reduced noise control. The sound quality of vacuum cleaner noise is analyzed by employing the subjective evaluation and by representing them in terms of the objective quantities. Semantic differential method is used to study sound quality Evaluation. To analyze the sound quality of vacuum cleaner noise, consider the coefficients of correlation between sound metrics and subjective rating. The linear regression models were obtained for the subjective evaluation and sound quality metrics.