• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.540-545
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• 2006

The objective of the study is to assess the water quality improvement resulted from the rearrangement of the irrigation water supply systems at Mankyeong River and Ansung Chun basin. There is a mixed type of watershed composed of urban and rural areas in the region. The water intake facilities for agricultural use such as reservoir, weir and pumping station are generally located at upstream river where the water quality maintains relatively clean. However, this study focuses on moving the water intake to downstream and rearranging the irrigation water supply system, then investigating how effective they are for water quality improvement in the river. When the water intake is moved downstream, the stream flow is increased as much as the amount of irrigation water that is to be taken upstream. The augmented flow which is frequently referred to as environmental flow can function as dilution water for improving the quality of polluted water that is originated from the wastewater in tributaries.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제62권5호
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• pp.651-661
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• 2017

This paper presents an experimental study of bond-slip behavior of reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete (LC) and normal weight concrete (NC) with embedded steel bar. Tests were conducted on tension-pull specimens that had cross-sectional dimension with a reinforcing bar embedded in the center section. The experimental variables include concrete strength (20, 40, and 60 MPa) and coarse aggregate type (normal-weight aggregate and reservoir sludge lightweight aggregate). The test results show that as concrete compressive strength increased, the magnitudes of the slip of the LC specimens were greater than those of the NC specimens. Moreover, the bond strength and stiffness approaches zero at the loaded end, or close to the central anchored point of the specimen. In addition, the proposed bond stress-slip equation can effectively estimate the behavior of bond stress and steel bar slipping.

• KSTLE International Journal
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.32-35
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the structure and mechanical properties of laser-processed pads on their polishing behavior such as their removal rate and WIWNU (within wafer non-uniformity) during the chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) process. The holes on the pad acted as the reservoir of slurry particles and enhanced the removal rate. Without grooves, no effective removal of wafers was possible. When the length of the circular-type grooves was increased, higher removal rates and lower wafer non-uniformity were measured. The removal rate and non-uniformity linearly increased as the elastic modulus of the top pad increased. Higher removal rates and lower non-uniformity were measured as the hardness of the pad increased.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2014

In this study, the large scale test was performed to investigate the behavior of failure for the embankment and spillway transitional zone by overtopping. The pore water pressure, earth pressure, settlement and failure pattern of covering embankment with geotextile were compared and analyzed. The pore water pressure showed a small change in the spillway transition zone and core, indicating that the geotextile efficiently reinforced the embankment. The earth pressure decreased the infiltration of the pore water only in inclined cores type to secure local stability. The behavior of failure started from the bottom and gradually progressed upwards. After the intermediate overtopping period (100 min), width and depth of the seepage erosion were very small due to the effect of geotextile which delayed failure. Therefore, the reinforced method by geotxtile was a very effective method to respond to the emergency due to overtopping.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.800-804
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• 2007

Cyanobacterial toxins, microcystins are very potent hepatotoxins and their occurrence has been reported all over the world. They could threaten human health when toxic Microcystis occurs in water supply reservoirs. In this study, the effects of several environmental factors on production and degradation of toxins produced by cyanobacteria in Lake Soyang have been studied. A new rapid quantification method of microcystins using fluorescence for a detection signal and a lateral-flow-type immunochromatography as a separation system was used. Culture age, temperature, light intensity, pH, N-nutrient concentration, P-nutrient concentration, iron and zinc concentration were the most importantly examined factors. The toxin content was the highest on 17-18 days and at temperatures between 20℃ and 25℃, and at pH between 8.4 and 8.8.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.63-73
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• 1986

The use of biodegradable polymetric materials as drug carriers is a relatively new dimension in polymeric drug delivery systems. A number of biodegradable or bioerodible polymers, such as poly(lactic/glycolic acid) copolymer, poly($\alpha$-amino acid), polyanhydride, and poly (ortho ester) are currently being investigated for this purpose. These polymers are useful for matrix and reservoir-type delivery devices. In addition, when chemical functional groups are introduced to the biodegradable polymer backdone, such as poly (N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide), the therapeutic agent can be covalently bound directly or via spacer to the backbone polymer. These polymer/drug conjugates represent another new dimension in biodegradable polymeric drug delivery systems. In addition, examples of biodegradable polymeric durg delivery systems currently being investigated will be discussed for the purpose of demonstrarting the potential importance of this new field.

• 농촌계획
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.91-102
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• 1996

Monitoring techniques for afro-ecological environments were studied, Hydrologic and ecological components in conjunction with water quality were monitored in the Balkan watershed. The hydrologic monitoring program consists of four water level gauging stations along creeks and stream at the watershed having 26.5 km2. Stage - storage relationship of reservoir, rainfall amount of the watershed, and rating curve of the stream gauging stations were established. Soil type, land use, hydrologic soil group, population and economic activities within the watershed were surveyed. Water quality data from the streams were sampled weekly and chemical analysis was conducted. Temporal variations of water quality were investigated and water quality map of each reach of stream was made to identify spatial variations. Seasonal and spatial variations of vegetation densities along stream in the watershed were investigated using grid, Density variations of insect species such as arthropod, flying insect, spider spices, rice insects were also monitored to determine seansonal surveying density. These monitored data will be used to develop monitoring techi%ues and afro - ecological environment models.

• 생태와환경
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.354-374
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• 2016

본 연구는 2012년 5월부터 2015년 12월까지 북한강과 남한강의 유입부를 포함하는 팔당호의 5개 지점에서 시공간적 수질 변동성을 강우 수문학과 비교 고찰하였다. 조사기간 동안 기초 수질요인들의 변동은 계절적 영향이 컸다. 특히, 수온성층은 수심이 깊은 댐 부근에서 형성되었고, 연도에 따라 빈산소 장기화도 관찰되었다. 질소(N) 계열 영양염의 증가는 유량이 빈약할 때 나타났고, 이때 $NH_4$는 하수 처리수의 영향을 크게 받아 $NO_3$와 상반되는 경향을 나타내었다. 인(P)의 증가는 유량이 크거나 극심한 가뭄이 지속될 때이었고, P 영양염 결핍도 빈번하게 관찰되었다. Chl-a의 증감은 유량 변동과 역상관 관계를 보였고, 그 값이 높을 때 AGP 값은 낮았다. 팔당호의 수질 변동성은 유역으로부터 하수 처리수(총량: $472{\times}10^3m^3d^{-1}$)의 오염원을 기반으로 한 유입, 방류 및 취수의 패턴에서 직간접적 관련성과 그 영향을 찾을 수 있었다. 또한 수질의 시공간적 변동 과정에서 기상(장마, 태풍, 이상강우 및 폭염더위) 수문(유량과 수위)학적 인자는 펄스, 희석, 역류, 흡수, 농축 및 침전 등 형태로서 작용하였다. 하천형 저수지인 팔당호의 수질 변동은 매우 역동적이며, 국내 최대 상수원의 오염 수준을 경감하기 위한 실효 대책으로 기상 수문에 기초한 육수학적 조사연구와 P-free 하수 처리 정책 실현의 필요성을 제안한다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.117-131
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• 2010

This study was conducted to utilize as basic information for the construction of conservation and estimation system for Palustrine wetland, which was badly managed and imprudently reclaimed, through the analysis of distribution characteristics and the estimation of conservation value for sample sites (eight wetlands) in rural area. As the result of wetland type classification, these wetlands was classified by 4 types (Permanent freshwater marshes/pools, ponds, Aquaculture ponds, and Seasonally flooded agricultural land) by Ramsar system, 3 types (Emergent Wetland, Aquatic Bed, and Scrub-Shrub Wetland) by NWI (Cowardin) System, 5 types (Farm Pond Depression, Under-flow wetland, Man-made Pond Depression, Abandoned Paddy Fields Wetland, and Reservoir Shore) by National Wetland's Categorical System, and 3 types (Aquatic Bed Wetland, Emergent Wetland, and Forested Wetland) by Lee (2000) System. These results suggest us developing the new type classification system for small Palustrine wetland in Korean rural areas. The score of function assessment (The Modified RAM) for small Palustrine wetlands was high at the wetlands nearby hills and rice paddy fields, and low at those nearby upper fields, which was mainly affected by land-use and vegetation. The functions as 'Flood/Storm Water Storage', 'Runoff Attenuation', 'Water Quality Protection' were resulted by the structural difference of inflow and outlet. Some functions as 'Wetland size', 'Wetland to immediate watershed ratio', 'Presence of boat traffic', 'Maximum water depth', 'Fetch of water's body' of RAM were not appropriate in evaluation of small wetlands in rural area. Which suggest us developing the new function assessment system for small Palustirne wetland in Korean rural areas.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.185-199
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• 1998

1995~1996년중 부곡 지열수 지역에서 채수한 유형별 자연수를 대상으로 수문지구화학 및 환경동위원소 연구를 수행하였다. 연구 지역에는 물리화학적으로 뚜렷히 구분되는 세 유형의 자연수, 즉 (1) 군접 I (지열수 지역의 중심부에서 산출되고 최대 $77^{\circ}C$의 용출 온도를 갖는 $Na-SO_4$ 유형), (2) 군집 II(외곽부에서 산출되며 다소 낮은 온도를 갖는 $Na-HCO_{3}-SO_{4}$ 유형) 및 (3) 군집 III(지표수나 천층 냉각 지하수로서 $Ca-HCO_3$ 유형)이 함께 산출된다. 군집 I은 Ia 및 Ib로 세분된다. 수문지구화학적 진화는 수 암 반응의 증가에 따라 군집 III$\rightarrow$II$\rightarrow$I의 순으로 진행되었다. 군집 II 및 III의 자연수는 비교적 낮은 수-암 반응, 특히 방해석 및 Na-사장석의 용해 반응에 의해 형성되었지만, 군집 I은 사장석, K 장석, 백운모, 녹려석, 황철석 등과의 높은 수-암 반응에 의해 형성되었다. 용존 황산염의 농도 및 황동위원소 조성은 지열수의 기원 및 전화를 해석하는데 중요한 정보가 된다. 용존 황산염은 퇴적 기원 황철석의 산화에 의해 생성되거나 (군집 Ib의 경우), 또는 열수의 상승 통로인 단열대에 존재하는 마그마 열수기원 황철석의 용해에 의해 생성되었다 (군집 Ia의 경우). 지열 저장지의 온도 규명을 위한 알칼리 이온 지옹계의 적용성은 화학조성을 변화시키는 요인들, 특히 마그네슘이 풍부한 지표수와의 혼합에 의해 제한된다. 그러나 다성분 광물/물 평형계에 대한 열역학적 계산 및 유체포유물 설험 결과, 심부 지열 저장지 (냉각중인 화성암체?)의 온도는 $125^{\circ}C$에 이르는 것으로 판단된다. 환경동위원소 (산소-수소, 삼중수소) 연구에 의하면, 자연수는 모두 상이한 충진 특성을 갖는 강우로부터 기원하였다. 특히 군집 Ia의 물은 심부 지열 저장지까지 심부 순환한 오래된 (40년 이상) 강우로부터 기원하였으며 지표부 물과의 혼합 정도도 낮다. 본 논문에서는 황산염이 풍부한 국내 지열수의 성인 및 진화에 관한 모델을 제시한다.