• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2020

The determination of soil parameters is important in predicting the simulated surface runoff using either a distributed or a lumped rainfall-runoff model. Soil characteristics can be collected using remote sensing techniques and represented as a digital map. There is no universal agreement with respect to the determination of a representative parameter from a gridded digital map. Two representative methods, i.e., arithmetic and predominant, are introduced and applied to both FLO-2D and HEC-HMS to improve the model's accuracy. Both methods are implemented in the Yongdam catchment, and the results show that the former seems to be more accurate than the latter in the test site. This is attributed to the high conductivity of the dominant soil class, which is A type.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2010년도 학술발표회
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• pp.346-349
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• 2010

In this study several unit hydrographs by rainfall storms are derived and moving averaged unit hydrograph is extracted from them based on the rainfall-runoff data in a small basin 8.5 $km^2$ wide. And peak discharges and peak times of the unit hydrographs are investigated and reviewed. And then a representative unit hydrograph of the moving averaged one is applied to the linear convolution integration for obtaining the flood discharge hydrograph and peak discharge and time of its result are researched and inspected. Variance in application of the representative unit hydrograph in a basin on assumption of linearity is appeared and this is given as a counterevidence about that the runoff response from rainfall on a basin has nonlinear characteristics. And As a result of application of derived representative unit hydrograph the errors in peak discharge and time are investigated.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.943-947
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• 2010

Runoff ratio of paddy fields for the application of Event Mean Concentration (EMC) method was studied. To measure actual runoff ratio of paddy fields, a field monitoring was conducted for 2008 ~ 2009 period. Long-term rainfall data of four cities in major river basins were analyzed and weighting factors were developed to consider temporal and spatial variation of rainfall distribution of Korean peninsula. The observed runoff ratio ranged 0.00 ~ 1.20 and arithmetic mean were 0.25, respectively. However, the representative runoff ratio for paddy fields was determined as 0.41 according to the method suggested by National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER).

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2013

Long-term runoff model can be used to establish the effective plan of water reources allocation and the determination of the storage capacity of reservoir. So this study aims at the development of monthly runoff model using artificial neural network technique. For this, it was selected multi-layer neural network(MLN) and radial basis function neural network(RFN) model. In this study, it was applied model to analysis monthly runoff process at the Wi stream basin in Nakdong river which is representative experimental river basin of IHP. For this, multi-layer neural network model tried to construct input 3, hidden 7, and output 1 for each number of layer. As the result of analysis of monthly runoff process using models connected with artificial neural network technique, it showed that these models were effective in the simulation of monthly runoff.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.333-342
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• 2022

기후변화의 영향으로 집중호우가 증가하고 있으며, 이로 인한 침수피해가 매년 발생하고 있다. 본 연구는 저영향개발(LID) 시설의 우수 유출저감 효과를 분석하기 위하여, 용두빗물펌프장 유역을 대상으로, 미국 환경보호청(EPA)의 우수유출관리모형(SWMM)을 이용하여, 과거와 미래의 대표 강우사상에 대한 유출분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과 과거 강우사상과 비교하여 미래 대표 강우사상에 대한 침투량은 3.17 % 증가하였지만, 지표면 유출량 및 첨두유량은 각각 32.50 % 및 128.77 % 증가하였다. 이러한 지표면 유출량과 첨두유량의 증가를 감소시키기 위하여 투수성 포장, 옥상녹화 및 빗물정원을 선정하였다. 세 가지 LID 시설의 매개변수와 설치 면적 비율을 조정하여 LID 시설의 적용성을 평가하였다. 그 결과 첨두유량과 지표 유출량을 감소시키고 침투량과 저류량를 증가시키는 투수성 포장, 옥상 정원 그리고 빗물 정원의 적정 매개변수를 찾을 수 있었다. 또한 투수성 포장, 옥상녹화, 빗물정원의 적용 비율이 2:1:3일 때, 첨두유량 26.85 %, 침투량 12.10 %, 지표면 유출량 15.11 %, 저류량 509.47 %의 저감효과가 나타났다. 재현기간별 우수 유출저감 효과를 분석한 결과, 재현기간이 증가할수록 첨두유량과 지표면 유출량의 비중은 늘어나고 침투량과 저류량의 비중은 줄어드는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.590-597
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• 2010

NRCS Curve Number (CN) method is widely used for practical purposes in the field by engineers and researchers to calculate direct runoff from total rainfall. However, CN is obtained from antecedent moisture condition and soil characteristics and so it has some problems due to its uncertainty. Therefore this study estimated CN of a watershed using asymptotic CN method which can estimate CN by rainfall and runoff data and compared the result with representative CN given by WAMIS. And we performed runoff simulation for rainy season of Bocheong stream by CN regression equation. From the result, we showed that it could be more reasonable to simulate direct runoff using watershed CN regression equation than WAMIS CN. Furthermore, we knew that the equation is more sensitive to small rainfall event.

• 물과 미래
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.97-108
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• 1991

유역의 수문학적 토양피복형으로부터 유역 또는 합성곡선번호를, 강우-유출기록으로부터 관측곡선 번호를, 관측곡선번호의 중앙치로서 중위유선번호를 산정하였다. 유출기록을 기준으로 평가할 경우 AMC-II조건의 CN-II에 의하면 과소하게, AMC-III조건의 CN-III에 의하면 과대하게 유효강우량이 산정된다. 따라서 유효강우량산정의 개선방안으로 CN-II와 CN-III의 중간값인 조정곡선번호가 정의될 수 있다. 중위곡선번호에 의하여 산정된 유출이 관측치에 가장 근접하게 되는 점을 감안하면 계측유역의 대표곡선번호로서 중위곡선번호가 사용될 수 있다.

• 물과 미래
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.267-276
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• 1986

본 연구에서는 정도높은 홍수유출모델을 결정함에 있어서, 선형모델과 비선형모델을 적용, 검토하므로서 홍수유출해석에 적합한 모델을 선정하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 분석에 사용된 모델은 선형모델로서는 Nash 모델과 유출함수법, 그리고 비선형모델로서는 Tank 모델과 저장함수법을 각각 적용하였다. 이들 각 모델들을 낙동강 유역의 대표시험유역인 위천유역의 홍수자료를 이용하여 분석한 결과, 비선형 모델이 선형모델보다 첨두유량, 첨두발생시간 및 홍수수문곡선에서 실측치와 잘 일치하였으며 홍수유출모델로서 비선형모델이 적합함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2007

A one-dimensional kinematic wave model was used to calculate temporal and spatial changes of the highway runoff. Infiltration into pavement was considered using Darcy's law, as a function of flow depth and pavement hydraulic conductivity ($K_p$). The model equation was calculated using the method of characteristics (MOC), which provided stable solutions for the model equation. 22 storm events monitored in a highway runoff monitoring site in west Los Angeles in the U.S. were used for the model calculation and evaluation. Using three different values of $K_p$ ($5{\times}10^{-6}$, $10^{-5}$, and $2{\times}10^{-5}cm/sec$), total runoff volume and peak flow rate were calculated and then compared with the measured data for each storm event. According to the calculation results, $10^{-5}cm/sec$ was considered a site representative value of $K_p$. The study suggested a one-dimensional method to predict hydrodynamic behavior of highway runoff, which is required for the water quality prediction.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.193-205
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• 2014

The direct-runoff of South Korea's representative dams (Soyanggang, Chungju, Andong, Daecheong, and Seomjingang) and precipitation were analyzed mainly with the evenly distributed spring rainfall events across the country for the last five years. For precipitation, an increasing was presented during the period 2008-2011, but did not continue to increasing 2012. The average precipitation of the five dams displayed a similar trend. Except for Chungju and Andong Dams, the trend of runoff was similar to the one shown in the precipitation. Despite the precipitation of 2009 increased, the runoff volume decreased for Andong and Chungju Dams. In addition, Chungju Dam remarkably showed a bigger runoff volume compared to other dams. As for the Sumjingang Dam, the runoff volume was the smallest, and the difference is as great as over 15-fold when compared to other runoff values. After the result of analyzing the relation between a single runoff event and synoptic weather patterns, pattern 4 contributed to the greatest impact on this event and weather patterns. The total runoff volume of the five dams for spring rain event for the last five years that exhibited this characteristic was estimated at 5.68 billion tons($10^6m^3$). Lastly, the value of this estimation was assessed as approximately 273.1 billion KRW.