• Title/Summary/Keyword: Rear-End Collision

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Development of a New Car Direction Indicator System (자동차 방향전환 표시장치 개발)

  • 박노국
    • Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.181-188
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    • 2001
  • This paper deals with a newly developed direction indicator system of a car which displays left turn and U-turn signal differently, so that the following driver can identify the intent of the next car ahead easily. In general, when a car want to change its direction, the driver move the blinker lever below the steering wheel up or down. However, as the left turn and U-turn signal are the same, there always be the risk of rear-end collision by misinterpreting U-turn signal as left turn signal. In this paper, a new direction indicator system which differentiates left turn and U-turn signal is developed. The left turn signal is the same as before, but when a driver want to U-turn, an additional U-turn signal blinks at the rear of the car. By identifying the direction signals clearly, the developed system is expected to alleviate the risk of car accident.

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A Study on Prevention of Secondary Collision considering Failure of Brake Actuator (제동 액츄에이터 손상을 고려한 2차 충돌 예방에 관한 연구)

  • Yang, Heecheol;Kim, Dooyong;Kang, Taewan;Soh, Minwoo;Kwon, Jaejoon;Park, Kihong
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.553-563
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    • 2015
  • Reportedly the fatality rate from secondary collision is six times higher than the average fatality rate from all traffic accidents. So prevention of the secondary collision is attracting significant attention from automotive industries. However, the secondary collision prevention systems that have been developed are not considering possibility of brake actuator failure that can occur by the impact during the initial collision. In this paper, a new system has been developed that could prevent secondary collision even in case of brake actuator failure by taking advantage of still operating actuators. In this system, a steering control is performed for maintaining a lane by using linear quadratic regulator. Additionally, the system attempts differential brake control with the remaining braking capability to stop the vehicle in the shortest distance. Through simulation in various collision scenarios, the system has demonstrated significant potential of preventing secondary collision that could otherwise have resulted in severe fatality.

Evaluation of the Luminous Intensity Distribution of Stop Lamp for Agricultural Tractors (농업용 트랙터 제동등 광도 성능 평가)

  • Kim, Hyung-Kweon;Kim, Yu-Yong;Shin, Seoung-Yeoup;Kim, Byoung-Gap;Lee, Ho-Sang
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.36 no.6
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    • pp.416-421
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    • 2011
  • This study was initiated to prevent rear-end collision which causes the most frequent human damage by agricultural tractors. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the luminous performance of a stop lamp for an agricultural tractor which could reduce rear-end collision. The performance test of luminous intensity distribution was conducted for a total of 12 tractor models classified by size (above 44 kW for large, 30~43 kW for medium, and below 29 kW for small) and production area (domestic, foreign manufacture) in accordance with Regulation No.7 of UNECE Vehicle Regulations-1958 Agreement considering ${\pm}$20 standard deviation. Three out of 5 large, 3 out of 4 medium, and all small tractors were resulted as inadequate for the test criterion. This study found that the luminous performance results were better as the size of agricultural tractors became bigger. One out of 4 foreign and 2 out of 8 domestic manufacturers were suitable for the test criterion, and overall no difference from the luminosity test results was observed between domestic and foreign manufacturers. In addition, the measuring points, HV, 5L, 5R, 5U and 5D with the minimal luminosity revealed flaws (80% of the proportion of faulty products). Therefore, it is urgent to improve the quality for measuring points (HV, 5U, 5L, 5R, 5D) of stop lamps to apply Regulation No. 7.

Influence on Driver Behavior According to Providing Collision Avoidance Information on Highway (고속도로의 전방 장해물 충돌방지정보 제공이 운전행동에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeon, Yong-Uk;Dae, Mun-Su
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.137-143
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    • 2009
  • It is necessary to develop driving assistant information in order to prevent a rear-end collision with a crashed car which is at the blind curve on highway. Laboratory experiments were performed using a driving simulator to keep the traffic environment constant. This research was evaluated the effect of driver behavior according to providing collision avoidance information which was consisted of advisory, caution, and warning information by the dangerous degree of traffic situation. Driver behavior was evaluated to analyze the collision avoidance with a crashed car, and glance behavior was examined to measure the eye movements to the display on which provided the collision avoidance information. After experiment, the significance was evaluated on provided collision avoidance information. As the result of this research, the number of collision accident is reduced when the phased information was provided. In addition, it is clear that auditory information is more important than visual information in the case of providing the second information.

Motion Analysis of Head and Neck of Human Volunteers in Low-Speed Rear Impact (저속 후방 추돌 자원자 실험을 통한 두부와 경부의 동작분석)

  • Hong, Seong Woo;Park, Won-Pil;Park, Sung-Ji;You, Jae-Ho;Kong, Sejin;Kim, Hansung
    • Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.37-43
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this research is to obtain and analyze dynamic responses from human volunteers for the development of the human-like mechanical or mathematical model for Korean males in automotive rear collisions. This paper focused on the introduction to a low-speed rear impact sled test involving Korean male subjects, and the accumulation of the motion of head and neck. A total of 50 dynamic rear impact sled tests were performed with 50 human volunteers, who are 30-50 year-old males. Each subject can be involved in only one case to prevent any injury in which he was exposed to the impulse that was equivalent to a low-speed rear-end collision of cars at 5-8 km/h for change of velocity, so called, ${\Delta}V$. All subjects were examined by an orthopedist to qualify for the test through the medical check-up of their necks and low backs prior to the test. The impact device is the pendulum type, tuned to simulate the crash pulse of a real vehicle. All motions and impulses were captured and measured by motion capture systems and pressure sensors on the seat. Dynamic responses of head and T1 were analyzed in two cases(5 km/h, 8 km/h) to compare with the results in the previous studies. After the experiments, human subjects were examined to check up any change in the post medical analysis. As a result, there was no change in MRI and no injury reported. Six subjects experienced a minor stiffness on their back for no more than 2 days and got back to normal without any medical treatment.

Traffic Accident Models of Cheongju Four-Legged Signalized Intersections by Accident Type (사고유형에 따른 청주시 4지 신호교차로 교통사고모형)

  • Park, Byung-Ho;Han, Sang-Wook;Kim, Tae-Young;Kim, Won-Ho
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.153-162
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    • 2008
  • This study deals with the traffic accidents at the 4-legged signalized intersections in Cheong-ju. The purpose is to comparatively analyze the characteristics and models by the accident type using the data of 143 intersections. In pursuing the above, this study gives particular emphasis to modeling such the accidents as head on collision, rear end collision, side swipe, side right angle collision, and others. The main results are the followings. First, the overdispersion tests show that the negative binomial regression models are appropriate to the traffic accident data in the above contexts. Second, five accident models are developed, which are all analyzed to be statistically significant. Finally, the models are comparatively evaluated using the common variable(ADT) and type-specific variables.

A Study on the Consumer Insights of Active Safety Features (능동안전장치의 소비자 인식 연구)

  • Sim, Jihwan;Lee, Hwasoo;Yim, Jonghyun
    • Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.6-10
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    • 2016
  • The objective of this paper is to understand value of active safety features on the customer perspective. In this study, 30 participants who don't have experience with active safety features were recruited and asked for preference, usefulness and consideration of each active safety feature after driving evaluation by them. Through this research, the preference of active safety features were analyzed and which of active safety features were the most useful and the most considered by customer when they purchase new vehicle. As a result, adaptive cruise control and side blind zone alert were the most strongly preferred and considered features by respondents and it means that respondents wanted comfort environment while driving and seemed to value features that compensated for limited visibility. On the other hand, active safety features that warned driver without control of the vehicle was deemed generally less desirable such as lane departure warning and forward collision alert. But autonomous emergency braking was higher than the other active safety features with only warning even if they did not have experience for it while this test. They thought it will be helpful in case of front-end collision situation even they just listened description before the test.

Analysis of Safety Alarm Mechanism for RF -based Equipment for Casualty Protection by Railway Maintenance Vehicle

  • Jo, Hyun-Jeong;Hwang, Jong-Gyu;Yoon, Yong-Ki
    • International Journal of Safety
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.29-34
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    • 2010
  • When doing maintenance works at the trackside of railway, the method which delivers information on approaching of train to maintenance workers through alarm devices such as the flag or indication light, etc., is being used by locating persons in charge of safety alarm in addition to the maintenance workers at fixed distances in the front and rear of the workplace. Workers maintaining at the trackside may collide with the train since they cannot recognize the approach of train although it approaches to the vicinity of maintenance workplace because of the sensory block phenomenon occurred due to their long hours of continued monotonous maintenance work. The clash or rear-end collision accidents between many maintenance trains called motor-cars can be occurred since there are cases where the signal systems for safe operation of motor-car such as track circuit etc. are blocked or not operated normally. We developed the new safety equipment for protection of trackside maintenance workers using radio frequency signals and bidirectional detection mechanism. The developed safety equipment must analyze the several operational mechanism for each different operation situations. In this paper the analysis results are represented.

Effective Emergency-Warning Message Transmission in the Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Environment (차량 간 통신 환경에서 효과적인 위험 경고 메시지 전송 방안)

  • Byun, Jae-Uk;Kwon, Sung-Oh
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.37 no.1B
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2012
  • In this paper, we propose an algorithm to improve collision avoidance in Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) networks based on IEEE 802.11p. Since IEEE 802.11p adopts CSMA/CA as a multiple access scheme and an emergency warning message (EWM) is delivered to behind vehicles in a multi-hop manner, due to transmission collision, the more vehicles in the vehicle chain results in a longer delay. The longer delay increases the possibility of a rear-end collision. In order to ensure message reception with low latency, we consider implicit acknowledgement of a broadcasted EWM message and propose an algorithm to reduce redundant message transactions, called Two-Way Implicit Acknowledgement (TWIA). By simulations, we show that our proposed algorithm can reduce the latency until the last car receives the message by 9% and the success rate every car receives the message within 0.7sec by 12% at 100 fixed-number-of-car environment.

A Stucy on the Whiplash Injury due to the Low Speed Rear-end Collision (저속 후면 충돌로 인한 편타성 상해에 관한 연구)

  • 최형연;윤석배;김희성
    • Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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    • 1997.04a
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    • pp.321-330
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    • 1997
  • 교통사고로 인하여 정형외과를 찾는 환자 중 60%정도가 경추부 상해 때문이나 이에 대한 보호장구개발은 미흡한 실정에 있다. 자동차 충돌사고시의 경추부 상해는 대 부분이 후면 충돌로부터 기인하며 특히 차체의 변형이 적은 저속충돌시에도 경추부의 연질 조직이 상하는 편차성 상해가 쉽게 발생된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 편타성 상 해를 보다 근본적으로 분석하기 위하여 활차 실험과 그에 대한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 결 과를 소개하였다. 현재 진행 중인 본 연구를 통하여 아직까지 규명되지 않은 경추부 의 하중 경로와 상해기구를 파악하고자 하며 이를 바탕으로 보다 인체공학적인 시트 설계에 필요한 기반 기술을 확보하고자 한다.

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