• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2007

Analogy in problem solving is similarity-based reasoning facilitated by verbal and visual operation. This similarity-based reasoning generally supports initial phase of idea search. Therefore, this study intends to infer the types of problem solving by tracing the analogy use of verbal and visual representation through a experimental research. According to the result of this research, the types of problem solving by analogy are classified into 'evolving', 'divergent', and 'poor conversion' type. Firstly, 'evolving type' is distinguished between 'combination type' associated different contents to develope a new design and 'transformation type' associated similar words and sketches to be continuously revised and developed. In these types usually structural analogy rather than surface analogy is used. Secondly, in 'divergent type' associated words or sketches are individually represented, and among them one design solution is selected. In this type usually surface analogy is used. Thirdly, in 'poor conversion type' interaction between verbal representation and visual representation does not go on smoothly, and the generation of idea is poor. In here surface analogy is mostly used. These findings could form the basis of skill development of idea generation and conversion in design education.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2017

In this paper, we consider a nonsmooth multiobjective robust optimization problem with more than two locally Lipschitz objective functions and locally Lipschitz constraint functions in the face of data uncertainty. We prove a nonsmooth sufficient optimality theorem for a weakly robust efficient solution of the problem. We formulate a Wolfe type dual problem for the problem, and establish duality theorems which hold between the problem and its Wolfe type dual problem.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.37-52
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• 2005

We consider the existence of solutions of viscoelastic degenerate problem of Kirchhoff type with nonlinear boundary damping and memory term. Moreover, we consider the uniform decay of the energy for the problem.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.225-237
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• 2016

In conventional transportation problem (TP), all the parameters are always certain. But, many of the real life situations in industry or organization, the parameters (supply, demand and cost) of the TP are not precise which are imprecise in nature in different factors like the market condition, variations in rates of diesel, traffic jams, weather in hilly areas, capacity of men and machine, long power cut, labourer's over time work, unexpected failures in machine, seasonal changes and many more. To counter these problems, depending on the nature of the parameters, the TP is classified into two categories namely type-2 and type-4 fuzzy transportation problems (FTPs) under uncertain environment and formulates the problem and utilizes the trapezoidal fuzzy number (TrFN) to solve the TP. The existing ranking procedure of Liou and Wang (1992) is used to transform the type-2 and type-4 FTPs into a crisp one so that the conventional method may be applied to solve the TP. Moreover, the solution procedure differs from TP to type-2 and type-4 FTPs in allocation step only. Therefore a simple and efficient method denoted by PSK (P. Senthil Kumar) method is proposed to obtain an optimal solution in terms of TrFNs. From this fuzzy solution, the decision maker (DM) can decide the level of acceptance for the transportation cost or profit. Thus, the major applications of fuzzy set theory are widely used in areas such as inventory control, communication network, aggregate planning, employment scheduling, and personnel assignment and so on.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제26권5_6호
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• pp.819-837
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• 2008

A mixed type dual to the control problem in order to unify Wolfe and Mond-Weir type dual control problem is presented in various duality results are validated and the generalized invexity assumptions. It is pointed out that our results can be extended to the control problems with free boundary conditions. The duality results for nonlinear programming problems already existing in the literature are deduced as special cases of our results.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.101-116
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• 2009

In 1940 S.M. Ulam proposed the famous Ulam stability problem. In 1941 D.H. Hyers solved the well-known Ulam stability problem for additive mappings subject to the Hyers condition on approximately additive mappings. In this paper we improve results for Jensen type mappings and establish new theorems about the Ulam stability of additive and alternative Jensen type mappings.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is (1) to investigate how children's peer interaction type and joint problem-solving performance differ, depending on a partner's age, in such a situation as they are asked to solve problems with their peer and (2) to investigate relationship between children's peer interaction type and joint problem-solving performance. Results reveal that children's problem-solving performance receives more benefit in the interactions with older peers, rather than those with younger ones. It can also be improved by higher level of collaborative interactions such as abstract collaborative explanations in joint activities. It is influenced positively by collaborative interactions, expecially when the children are in the same age groups. Results here were discussed in terns Piagetian and Vygotskian theories.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.615-623
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyse of the effects on students' leaning types through the Creative Problem Solving Teaching Model in elementary science class. The results of this study were as follows; 1. experimental group in creative problem solving, scientific inquiry skills and academic achievement was higher than control group which was statistically significant (p<.05). 2. for the students' learning type the experimental group was distributed to accommodators (35.7%), divergers (25.0%), convergers (25.0%) and assimilators (14.3%). 3. after the program treatment, assimilator type group students in creative problem solving were higher than other type group students. 4. diverger and assimilator group students in academic achievement, diverger group students in scientific inquiry skills, and accommodator group students in scientific attitude were higher than other groups.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.436-445
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• 2019

This study presents how two types of integrated science and engineering lessons affect students' engineering problem solving skills and their perceptions of engineering. In total, 146 middle school students participated in this study. Eighty-six students participated in the Type I lesson (complete engineering design lesson with a science knowledge application) and 60 students participated in the Type II lesson (engineering design without a science knowledge application). Two main datasets, (1) students' Creative Engineering Problem Solving Propensity (CEPSP) measurement scores and (2) open-ended survey questions about students' perceptions of engineering, were collected before and after the lessons. The results of this study show that after participating in the Type I lesson, students' CEPSP scores significantly increased, whereas the CEPSP scores of the students who participated in the Type II lesson did not increase significantly. In addition, students who participated in the Type I lesson perceived engineering and the engineering integrated science lesson differently compared to the students who participated in the Type II lesson. The results of this study show that engineering integrated science, technology, engineering & mathematics (STEM) lessons should include a complete engineering design and a science knowledge application to improve students' engineering problem solving skills.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.81-99
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• 2020

본 연구는 학생이 만든 수학 문제에 따른 가추 유형과 가추에 동원된 사고 전략에 대해 알아보았다. 중학교 2학년 4명의 학생이 네 개의 과제에 대해 문제 만들기 활동을 하여, 동치문제, 동형문제, 유사문제를 만들었다. 동치문제의 경우 조작적 가추가 주로 발현되었다. 동형문제와 유사문제는 조작적 가추, 이론적 가추, 창의적 가추가 모두 발현되다. 가추에 동원된 사고 전략으로, 조작적 가추는 대상으로 인식하기, 패턴 찾기, 숫자나 그림으로 변환하기, 유추하기, 반대로 생각하기, 결합하기, 제거하기의 사고전략이 나타났다. 이론적 가추에서는 수학적, 경험적, 확산적 지식을 활용하는 사고전략이 나타났다. 창의적 가추에서는 상승화 전략, 형식화 전략, 창조적 전략이 나타났다. 결합하기, 제거하기, 수학적, 경험적, 타교과 지식의 활용, 문제와 직접적 관련이 없는 규칙을 접목시켜 만드는 창조적 전략은 본 연구에서 새롭게 도출된 사고 전략이다.