• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.183-186
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• 2007

In modern society, sense of crisis from environmental destruction caused by rapid industrial development, economic growth and improvement of educational level and medicine made environmental preservation and comfortable residential environment a necessary and sufficient condition. Since government conducted 'green building rating system' from 2002, application of pro-environmental elements has been extended. But the concept of substantial pro-environmental housing remains the stage of complex planning yet and application of system to interior space which has the most direct influence on actual dwellers is very poor.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a pleasantly designed interior inpro-spatial behavior. For pleasantly designed interior, the existing interior was remodeled through the change of finishing materials for major architectural elements such as wall, floor and ceiling, and changes of furniture and it's arrangement. Prospatial behavior was operationalized as seat arranging behavior and measured through the arranged condition and observable arranging behavior. Time-series design, one of quasi-experimental design was used. The data in this study were extracted from an existing field experimental research. One hundred forty four video tapes recorded during 6 months out of 2 years period ware used. In conclusion , the pro-spartial behavior change was a mid-term positive effect of pleasantly designed environment. In an environmental setting where pro-spatial behavior was most important, a certain time cycle to change the environment needs to be considered.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.15-22
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• 2013

The domestic industry of construction is requiring an application building concept which could be one of the solution to the environment problem sand to the sustainability of development. It means that the consideration of the housing from a environmental friendly point of view is importantly necessary all things and the housing should be planned or responding to the concept of a environmental friendly planing. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to derive the design elements for the environmental friendly housing and to choose the priority element and to bring the planning guideline for the environmental friendly housing. The purpose of this study is to identify pro-environmental attitude of environment-friendly apartment residents, to examine importance of environment-friendly planning features, and to examine environment-friendly planning features according to residents' environmental perception. and now i suggest that important improvement direction by housing estates be accessed and analyzed through environmental approach, because environmentally friendly paradigm is one of the most effective and fundamental methods for developing housing estates.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to find out the color preference on rural rooftop color. Today, public profit value of a rural community has been heavily recognized in the areas of preservation of pro-environmental and traditional life styles and foundation of collective community. Comparatively with urban, rural town conserves the scenic of those days when the historic landscape existed. Therefore, elements of historic and tradition in rural town are interesting resources to people who want traditional experience. Color is one of the most influenced elements for the image of Landscape. On the other hand, radical modernization has brought conflicting color element that does not blend with existing environmental color. Among others, roof represents one of the important traits of rapidly developing rural community due to vast amount of space it covers. In order to come up with more appropriate coloring scheme, it is necessary determine color that forms a balance with present conditions of rural life and historic landscape. This study provides more objective rooftop coloring selection process by employing additional surveys regarding color image adjective. I justified necessity of the balance between environmental color and roof color through analyzing correlation between environmental color of the rural town and Color Image Scale of the preliminary selection of roofs.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.77-89
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• 2004

This study aims to consider interrelations and reasonability to inquiry elements of environment units in 10th Science textbooks of 7th curriculum on the basis of their inquiry contexts, processes and activities. Frequency of inquiry contexts is 59.9% of the highest value in natural environment context but is 4.0% of the lowest one in techno-industrial context. Measurements, inferences, predictions, experiments, data-interpretations, correlations, conclusionreveals in inquiries are in all the textbooks, but observations and classifications, hypothesis generations, controlling variables, experimental designs and generalizations are not in some textbooks. Discussions, experiments, investigations in inquiry activities are included in all the textbooks. However, inspections are not appeared in the all the books. Based on the above results, social and techno-industrial inquiry contexts in the varied scopes are necessary in the environment curricula with a unified direction. Inquiry processes with pro-environmental behaviors as a last goal might be given into the curricula, having tasks that could be understand unified inquiries. In addition, inspections with effectiveness might be thrown into the scene of education.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.14-25
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• 1998

The Quality of human living depends on the environmental quality of the region sustaining the life. The environmental deterioration of the modern society is due to mechanical environmentalism. For the better quality of the life, The changes of recognition and attitude on the environments are required. These changes of mind are also important in environmental education for teenagers. The 7th national curriculum, officially anounced December 1998, focuses on the change of attitude to environments and practical behavior in real life for “Environments”, the environmental education curriculum in middle school. Basic elements of the curriculum are cultivation of the pro-environmental thinking, multi-levelling of teaching materials and methods, and encouraging of student participating activity. Actually, the curriculum construction is composed of stepped-levelling of teaching and learning, reasonable contents volume, encouraging of student practice, and suggesting of evaluation standards of textbook writing. Three main subjects of environmental education for middle school consist of (1) man and environment, (2) recognition of environmental problem, and (3) protection activity for environment. Methodology of environmental education can include multi-disciplinary approaches, variable teaching methods, and continuing evaluation of student practice and participation attitude. Environmental education for teenagers relating to the 7th national curriculum focuses on recognition of the environmental problems and practice activity in daily life. The recognition includes considering relationship of human life to environment, solving environmental problems in regional context, and development of comprehensive understanding concept of the environments. For the practice education, variable teaching methods, such as field survey and application of multi-media, are needed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.11-19
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• 2010

Pro-environmental life styles, foundations of a collective civilization and preservation of our tradition at rural communities hold a great public profit value, of which importance has been strongly emphasized during last decade. Here, the environmental color is one of the most influential elements that determine the image of the rural landscape. Whenever an alternative color element is introduced to rural town, it is very important to examine its effect on the existing environmental color. Typically, a preference-surveying method has been used to evaluate the suitability of such environmental color balance. However, we note that the reliability of this method is limited by the subjectivity of a respondent. And thus, it is highly desirable to develop a more objective method. We propose a feasibility study for using an aesthetic-measure to evaluate the environmental color of a rural town. In this work, we looked into the validity of our approach by comparing its result with that of the preference-based-method as a way to determine the environmental color. Our study is based on 20 photo images from Ansung-city Yangsung-myeon Donghang 2ri Kyo-dong town in Kyongki Province.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.11-18
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to find out awareness of the environment-friendly planning elements for residential unit space among practitioners. The respondents in this questionnaire survey were 140 practitioners in architecture and interior design field. The major findings of this study were as follows; most of the respondents were aware of the impact of indoor built environment on residents' wellness. In addition, the survey respondents viewed that the factors for planning environment-friendly high-rise apartments were represented by gardening and energy-saving while their perception on the concept excluded comprehensive components affecting residents' life quality. Over 50% of respondents had an experience of applying environment-friendly planning elements in their works, and high frequency appeared on the general planning elements which had been applied special awareness as pro-environmental features. The respondents considered environment-friendly planning elements as important. Specially, space planning and system were considered more likely important in interior design field. In application of environment-friendly planning elements, cost, lack of consumers' awareness of and underdevelopment of environment-friendly materials were of concern. Therefore, the consumer's cognition needs to be improved for wide application about environment-friendly planning element, and then consumers are willing to pay additional construction cost of environment-friendly apartments. At the same time, the current practice that housing developers pass the additional cost on to residents needs to be changed. Then, the quality of life in high-rise residential settings can be improved. More importantly, the exchange and development of the reliable information on environment-friendly planning elements need to be made, and technical support and long-term policy for the development are required. This research showed current status of knowledge and practice in sustainable planning of unit apartment and proved basic information for future direction.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.108-116
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• 2015

This study intends to research the spatial characteristics of Asian interim housing that accommodates sufferers pro tempore after disasters. The scope of this research covers the interim spaces used for housing people after natural disasters that occurred in Asia for the past fifteen years. Within this scope, literature review was conducted as the basis to derive the characteristics and environmental elements of interim housing, which provided the criteria to compare and evaluate cases of interim housing along with characteristic elements required of interim housing found in previous studies. According to literature review, interim housing can be classified by life-span, region, economy, climate, type, number of household, square measure, residential cost, structure/material, and service life. Within the scope of the present research, literature review showed a total of twenty-eight cases of interim housing in fifteen countries revealing a high rate of disaster occurrence in the subtropic and tropic climate of Southeast Asia. A great percentage of interim housing was used for long-term stay of over a year. The structure of interim housing varied from lightweight steel, wooden, masonry, membrane, to traditional structure and the type were divided into temporary shelter, transitional housing, temporary housing, and permanent housing. Followed by literature review, the characteristics required of post-disaster interim housing were analyzed based on previous research and case studies. The characteristics of interim housing can be divided into environmental, technological, and socio-cultural ones. Sub-characterical items according to such division include amenity, health, surroundings, structure, convenience, eco-friendliness, safety, communication, and locality. As a result of evaluation, most items met the required characteristics of interim housing, while technological characteristics such as structure and convenience varied with the types of interim housing and appeared even unnecessary in some cases. According to analysis, amenity is maintained through the structural and material characteristics of interim housing and is also facilitated by increasing number of infrastructure such as educational, sanitary, and convenience facilities provided by the governmental and organizational bodies. It is expected that this study will be utilized as preliminary data for follow-up studies that improve the environment of post-disaster interim housing suitable for domestic circumstances in environmental, technological, and socio-cultural respects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.23-36
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• 2005

Bax, a mammalian pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, induces cell death when expressed In yeast. To investigate whether .Bax expression can induce cell death in plant, we produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants that contained murine Bax cDNA under control of a glucocorticoid-inducible promoter. Transgenic plants treated with dexamethasone, a strong synthetic glucocorticoid, induced Bax accumulation and cell death, suggesting that some elements of cell death mechanism by Bax may be conserved among various orgarusms. Therefore, we developed novel yeast genetic system, and cloned several Plant Bax Inhibitors (PBIs). Here, we report the function of two PBIs In detail. PBIl is ascorbate peroxidase (sAPX). Fluorescence method of dihydrorhodamine123 oxidation revealed that expression of Bax in yeast cells generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and which was greatly reduced by co-expression with sAPX. These results suggest that sAPX inhibits the generation of ROS by Bax, which in turn suppresses Bax-induced cell death in yeast. PBI2 encodes nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK). ROS stress strongly induces the expression of the NDPK2 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtNDPK2). Transgenic plants overexpressing AtNDPK2 have lower lovels of ROS than wildtype plants. Mutants lacking AtNDPK2 had higher levels of ROS than wildtype. H$_{2O2}$ treatment induced the phosphorylation of two endogenous proteins whose molecular weights suggested they are AtMPK3 and AtMPK6. In the absence of H2O2 treatment, phosphorylation of these proteins was slightly elevated in plants overexpressing AtNDPK2 but markedly decreased In the AtNDPK2 deletion mutant. Yeast two-hybrid and in vitro protein pull-down assays revealed that AtNDPK2 specifically interacts with AtMPK3 and AtMPK6. Furthermore, AtNDPK2 also enhances the MBP phosphorylation activity of AtMPK3 i'n vitro. Finally, constitutive overexpression of AtNDPK2 in Arabidopsis plants conferred an enhanced tolerance to multiple environmental stresses that elicit ROS accumulation In situ. Thus, AtNDPK2 appears to play a novel regulatory role in H2O2-mediated MAPK signaling in plants.