• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.216-224
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• 2010

The main purpose of this prospective longitudinal study was to evaluate, according to a standard clinical classification and assessment method, the effect of a standardized manual stretching and therapeutic massage program on patients with clearly defined congenital muscular torticollis. A total of 52 cases of congenital muscular torticollis who were first seen when they were less than one year old and were treated with conservative physical therapy. Before treatment, the patients were divided into one of three clinical groups: (1) sternomastoid tumor group, (2) muscular torticollis group, and (3) postural torticollis group. Of the 52 patients, 32 (61.5%) made up the sternomastoid tumor group; 15 (28.9%) the muscular torticollis group; and 5 (9.6%) the postural torticollis group. Multivariate analysis of the outcomes showed that the duration of treatment was significantly differentiated according to the clinical group (p<0.01), age at presentation (p<0.01), and a passive rotation deficit of the neck (p<0.01). The current study showed that well controlled conservative physical therapy is safe and effective in the treatment of congenital torticollis in about 84.6% of patients who are first seen before the age of one year.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.147-160
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects on the academic achievement and learning satisfaction according to the presentation method of the multimedia materials for 'transportation technology' units of technology home economics subject. The subjects were assigned in third conditions; Text type explanation class, multimedia class and multimedia video class with narration. The data of six evaluation questions obtained from the survey of 93 high school girl were analyzed using SPSS program. The results of the study were as follows : First, in the learning satisfaction average level(M) of the students' overall responses to the questions, multimedia teaching learning class(experimental group 1) is the first(M=4.14), multimedia video class with narration(experimental group 2) is the second(M=3.16), and instructor-led class(control group) is the third (M=2.63). Therefore, the teaching learning multimedia class(experimental group 1) was most effective. Second, looking at the correlations between the students' responses to the questions, in an interesting class, the students have a retentive memory and comprehension, but a lower concentration can not a retentive memory. Third, multimedia teaching learning class(experimental group 1) has the best degree at the level of academic achievement, but instructor-led class(control group) and multimedia video class with narration(experimental group 2) have similar degree in the second place. To increase academic achievement, an instructor-led class is important to arouse interest and a multimedia video class with narration is required ways to improve level of concentration.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.595-603
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• 2002

The influences of the characteristics of anomalous data on cognitive conflict and conceptual change in learning density were investigated. The subjects were 416 seventh graders. First, the Group Assessment of Logical Thinking and a preconception test were administered. A questionnaire on the responses to anomalous data was then administered. In the questionnaire, four types of anomalous data varying presentation type (movie/text) and authority level (high/low) were randomly presented. After a computer-assisted instruction on density, a conception test was administered. The results indicated that anomalous data presented in movie type significantly induced more cognitive conflict than that in text type. Students presented with anomalous data of high authority scored higher in the conception test than those of low authority. There were no significant interactions between the characteristics of anomalous data and students' logical thinking ability in the scores of both the cognitive conflict and the conception test.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.25-30
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• 2011

This paper is being established in Sungkyunkwan University based on a new lecture, "Scientific and Technical Writing and Presentation". The course feature and core educational goal is mainly to focus on challenging students to be able to learn scientific engineering communication, recognizing problem and solving it which involve a basic process of formulating thinking and expression skills. Basically, Scientific and Technical Writing and Presentation lecture is a blended learning that will put students in various type of problem based learning (PBL) in order to distinctively build their problem solving skills and emphasizing self-leadership skills in their profession. Through group activity participants in this learning area will be exposed to more specific problems to ensure more individual participation and in the same time they will be able to actively review the objective of their own activity which are part of this course objectives.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.234-239
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• 2012

Objective : Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a typical disease that is encountered frequently in neurosurgical practice. The medications which could cause coagulopathies were known as one of the risk factors of CSDH, such as anticoagulants (ACs) and antiplatelet agents (APs). Recently, the number of patients who are treated with ACs/APs is increasing, especially in the elderly population. With widespread use of these drugs, there is a need to study the changes in risk factors of CSDH patients. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 290 CSDH patients who underwent surgery at our institute between 1996 and 2010. We classified them into three groups according to the time of presentation (Group A : the remote period group, 1996-2000, Group B : the past period group, 2001-2005, and Group C : the recent period group, 2006-2010). Also, we performed the comparative analysis of independent risk factors between three groups. Results : Among the 290 patients, Group A included 71 patients (24.5%), Group B included 98 patients (33.8%) and Group C included 121 patients (41.7%). Three patients (4.2%) in Group A had a history of receiving ACs/APs, 8 patients (8.2%) in Group B, and 19 patients (15.7%) in Group C. Other factors such as head trauma, alcoholism, epilepsy, previous neurosurgery and underlying disease having bleeding tendency were also evaluated. In ACs/APs related cause of CSDH in Group C, significantly less proportion of the patients are associated with trauma or alcohol compared to the non-medication group. Conclusion : In this study, the authors concluded that ACs/APs have more importance as a risk factor of CSDH in the recent period compared to the past. Therefore, doctors should prescribe these medications carefully balancing the potential risk and benefit.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2018

Purpose: Monogenic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients do not respond to conventional therapy and are associated with a higher morbidity. We summarized the clinical characteristics of monogenic IBD patients and compared their clinical outcomes to that of non-monogenic IBD patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of all children <18 years old who were diagnosed with IBD between 2005 and 2016. A total of 230 children were enrolled. Monogenic IBD was defined as a presentation age less than 6 years old with confirmation of a genetic disorder. We subdivided the groups into monogenic IBD (n=18), non-monogenic very early-onset IBD (defined as patients with a presentation age <6 years old without a confirmed genetic disorder, n=12), non-monogenic IBD (defined as all patients under 18 years old excluding monogenic IBD, n=212), and severe IBD (defined as patients treated with an anti-tumor necrosis factor excluding monogenic IBD, n=92). We compared demographic data, initial pediatric Crohn disease activity index/pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index (PCDAI/PUCAI) score, frequency of hospitalizations, surgical experiences, and height and weight under 3rd percentile among the patients enrolled. Results: The initial PCDAI/PUCAI score (p<0.05), incidence of surgery per year (p<0.05), and hospitalization per year (p<0.05) were higher in the monogenic IBD group than in the other IBD groups. Additionally, the proportion of children whose weight and height were less than the 3rd percentile (p<0.05 and p<0.05, respectively) was also higher in the monogenic IBD group. Conclusion: Monogenic IBD showed more severe clinical manifestations than the other groups.

• Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.267-274
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• 2023

Objective: Several particular morphological factors that contribute to the hemodynamics of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA) have been documented, but no study has investigated the role of the degree of anterior cerebral artery (ACA) rotation on the presence of ACoA aneurysms (ACoAAs). Methods: A retrospective study of an institutional aneurysm database was performed; patients with ruptured or nonruptured ACoAAs were selected. Two sex- and age-matched control groups were identified: control Group A (nonaneurysms) and control Group B (middle cerebral artery aneurysms). Measurements of ACA rotation degree were obtained by using a three-dimensional imaging tool. Results: From 2015 to 2020, 315 patients were identified: 105 in the ACoAA group, 105 in control Group A, and 105 in control Group B. The average age at the time of presentation was 64 years, and 52.4% were female. The ACA rotation degree of the ACoAA group was significantly higher than that of control Group A (p <0.01). The A1 ratio and the A1A2 ratio of the ACoAA group were greater than those of control Group A (p <0.01 and p <0.01, respectively). The ACA rotation degree correlated insignificantly with aneurysm size in ACoAA patients (p=0.78). The ACA rotation degree in the ACoAA group was also insignificantly different from that in control B (p=0.11). Conclusions: The degree of ACA rotation was greater in the ACoAA group than in the nonaneurysm group, and it may serve as an imaging marker for ACoAA.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.228-242
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop a student-led instructional strategy that is central to the teaching-learning process and to investigate its effects. For this study, we analyzed the learner-centered learning types (discovery learning, problem-based learning, inquiry learning) and extracted elements applicable to newly developed teaching-learning. Based on this, a student-led class strategy was established using pre-learning, teacher collaboration, small group composition, and limited open data and product presentation, and then science classes were conducted. As a result of the post-tests of the five science core competencies of the experimental group using the student-led instructional strategy and the comparative group conducting lecture-based classes, the experimental group showed higher scores than the comparative group in the scientific thinking, scientific communication, and scientific attitudes (p<.05). Based on these results, it was confirmed that the student-led class, in which the student self-adjusts the entire process of designing, exploring, and presenting learning, can help the student's scientific ability. In addition, I would like to discuss the implications of teachers' teaching-learning composition.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.445-449
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• 2013

We consider a congruence ${\rho}$ on a group G as a subsemigroup of the direct product $G{\times}G$. It is well known that a relation ${\rho}$ on G is a congruence if and only if there exists a normal subgroup N of G such that ${\rho}=\{(s,\;t):st^{-1}{\in}N\}$. In this paper we prove that if G is a finitely presented group, and if N is a normal subgroup of G with finite index, then the congruence ${\rho}=\{(s,\;t):st^{-1}{\in}N\}$ on G is finitely presented.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.179-198
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• 2016

Mathematics(group theory, in particular) makes it partially possible to present and create music and patterns. This means that patterns can be presented by music through mathematics. In this work, we first produce musical piece for each type of frieze patterns. Based on the musical pieces, we compose a music presenting the combined pattern of all frieze types. We finally produce a video for hearing design through music. Through a QR-code, anyone can access the product of this work. The results of this research might be examples for integration of mathematics and arts and for utilizing smart circumstances.