• 의학교육논단
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2008

Purpose : Since PBL was first developed by Howard Barrows at McMaster, it has been adopted as one of the best teaching and learning methods in medical schools throughout the world. However, the educational superiority of PBL relative to traditional approaches is less clear. Given the somewhat extensive resources required for the operation of PBL curriculum, this gives reason for concern. The aim of this study is to review experiences of PBL in other medical schools and learn how to implement PBL in our school. Methods : This study was undertaken in two stages. In the first stage, PBL curricular examples in 7 medical schools (University of Pennsylvania, University of Melbourne, University of Maastricht, McMaster University, Flinders University, Harvard medical school. University of California at L.A.) were collected and summarized. In the second stage, a careful search for articles of journals published since 2000 regarding PBL group assessment, effectiveness of PBL and group facilitation skills was conducted. Results : PBL is generally introduced in a core curriculum in undergraduate medical education. Relating to small group assessment, the perception of students has been well developed. but the current PBL assessment tool needs to be revised, to develop thinking skills of students. The PBL graduates considered themselves as having much better interpersonal skills, better competencies in problem solving and self-directed learning than the non-PBL graduates. Tutors used various techniques to raise awareness, facilitate the group process and direct learning. Conclusions : The following three aspects can be regarded as important in this study. First, to implement PBL in our school more effectively, it might be considered, which curriculum content can be best learned with PBL. Second, to enhance students' thinking skills during PBL, a new assessment tool needs to be developed. Third, tutors' competencies are important to facilitate, group process, so it would be worthwhile including in staff development.

• 대한치위생과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.51-63
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• 2023

연구배경: 고령화가 심화되면서 증가하는 노인인구에 대한 적절한 구강관리 중재자로서 치과위생사의 역할이 중요해지고 있다. 본 연구는 치위생학과 학생들의 노인구강보건전문가로서의 역량을 키울 수 있는 효과적인 교육과정 개발을 위해 예비연구를 수행하였다. 연구방법: 노인치과학과 노인치위생학 및 실습으로 개설된 교과목을 수강한 학생을 대상으로 수업 마지막 주차에 설문을 수행하였다. 이론위주의 문제해결기반(PBL)교육과정과 이론과 실습을 병행한 PBL교육과정의 교육효과차이를 확인하기 위해 학기 말에 학생들의 전공역량달성도, 노인치위생 과정에 대한 인식, 수업만족도, 연령차별의 차이를 분석하였다. 결과: 전공역량달성도의 경우 이론 위주의 PBL교육보다 이론과 실습을 병행한 PBL교육에서 '의사소통역량'이 유의미하게 높았다(p=0.038). 연령주의의 경우 이론과 실습을 병행한 PBL교육에서 '노인을 기피하는 경향'이 유의미하게 낮았다(p=0.040). 수업만족도의 경우 이론과 실습을 병행한 PBL교육에서 '수업분위기'가 '매우 높음'으로 응답한 비율이 유의미하게 높았다(p=0.025). 결론: PBL 교수법은 노인치위생 교육과정으로 유용한 교수법이며, 이론위주의 교육보다는 노인치위생 실습교육을 함께 운영하는 교육과정이 더 효과적일 수 있다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2023

국가수준 교육과정의 기본적 접근방법이 내용중심에서 역량중심으로 전환됨에 따라 과정중심 평가의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 이에 따라 교사의 평가자로서의 역할 역시 과정중심 평가에 초점이 맞추어지고 있으며, 임용을 앞둔 예비교사들에게도 과정중심 평가의 역량을 개발하는 것은 중시되고 있다. 본 연구는 예비교사의 과정중심 평가 역량개발을 지원하기 위하여 교원양성대학 교과목을 개선하여 운영하고 그 효과를 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 C 교육대학교에서 운영되는 한 교과목을 PBL 중심으로 재구성하여 운영하고 과정중심 평가의 관점에서 예비 초등교사에게 미치는 효과를 분석하였다. 수강생들의 프로젝트 결과물, 관찰노트, 수강생 반응 등의 자료 분석을 통해 PBL 활동 경험이 예비 초등교사들의 과정중심 평가에 대한 인식과 이해에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 PBL과 같이 과정중심 평가관이 반영된 학습 경험을 제공하는 것이 예비교사의 과정중심 평가 역량 개발에 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다는 점을 시사해준다. 본 연구의 결과는 예비교사의 과정중심 평가역량 개발을 위한 교원양성대학의 교육과정과 수업의 혁신을 위한 구체적 방법을 제시해줄 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.712-721
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• 2004

Purpose: This investigation examined the effect of PBL on the meta-cognition, critical thinking, and problem solving process. Method: The research design was pre-posttest with a none qui valent control group design. Scenarios for PBL sessions were developed on the basis of textbooks and patients' charts and tested for content validity. Seventy six nursing students who took a 'Nursing Process' course from two nursing schools participated in the experimental group and control group. The experimental group performed PBL during the semester. Meta-cognition and problem solving processes were assessed by questionnaires which were developed using pedagogics. Critical thinking was measured by the CCTST(California Critical Thinking Skill Test) Form 2000. The data was analyzed by repeated measure (pretest-posttest) MANOVA, and correlation analysis. Result: PBL improved the participants' meta-cognition and problem solving process but not critical thinking. The relationship between meta-cognition and the problem solving process was supported but the relationship between critical thinking and problem solving was not supported. Conclusion: These results suggest that PBL has a positive effect on nursing students' educational outcomes. To improve the problem solving ability of nursing students, PBL should be applied to more subjects in the nursing curriculum.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of an free inquiry method based on PBL(Problem-Based Learning: PBL) to improve students science process skills and self-directed learning characteristics. To verify this research, twenty-two third-grade students were selected from Chung-ryeol Elementary School located in Busan. They have received pre-test and post-test about their abilities in their science process skills and abilities for self-directed learning characteristics. Also, their self-reflection data was analyzed. The teaching and learning PBL process is to provide the information named 'I am the expert on Earth and Moon' which is recreated by analyzing the science curriculum and characteristics of students from Lesson 3 'Earth and Moon', and to make plans for solving the information with K/NK method. Then, to solve the information is gathered and investigated using the PBL workbook. Lastly, students present their finding using the free inquiry method in a group. The post-test showed following results : first, the free inquiry method based on PBL stimulates inquisitiveness in students about science learning and the research group shows improved science process skill. It shows us that using the free inquiry method based on PBL can be used effects to elevate science process skill. Second, the free inquiry method based on PBL has a positive effect on self-directed learning. The research tells us that using the free inquiry method based on PBL can improve a student self-directed learning characteristics.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2002

Within physical therapy education, there has been increased attention to curricula and course that emphasize problem solving, clinical reasoning, and synthesis of information across traditional discipline-specific boundaries. This article describes the development implementation, and outcomes of a problem-based learning course in Physical therapy. The course was designed to help students to integrate the various elements of a physical therapy curriculum and to enhance their abilities to respond to an ever-changing health care environment. An evaluation of the course by the first 50 students who completed it revealed both strengths and weaknesses. Students responded that the course enhanced their professional behavior, including interpersonal communication skills, team work, and follow-through with professional responsibilities. The learning package was developed by the authors and implemented to a college students during three weeks of the first semester of 2001. Most studies which conducted PBL module development were short period or temporary PBL package application and evaluation rather than a whole semester's. While, this study carried on partial integrated PBL curriculum development and application with recomposing content of the two subjects to one subject Physical therapy which includes four PBL packages. This package was developed from a simple concept to complex and partial integrated PBL curriculum application systematically variable learning methods such as discussion, practice, lecture, video. There are 2 classes, each class has 25 students, in the college. Each class has 5 small groups consisting 5 students. Two tutors proceeded discussion charging each class also, they used multiple methods and materials like tutorials, self-directed learning, lecture, and video. The package is 5 grades and 5 hours per week and the rate of discussion, lecture is 4, 1 respectively. One of the most change is the increase of interaction between students and tutors. Whenever students need information and suggestion, they can visit tutors who provide reading materials and guide for the direction of self learning. Therefore, this study describes the PBL package development process and application during one semester recomposing contents of two subjects to Physical therapy concepts. Besides, it will contribute to active application of existing each subject to tutors who intend to convert as PBL methods. The study has significant meaning to show potentiality of partially integrated PBL application, using systematic PBL package development from two subjects contents. However, when students' need of yearning is over the extent of Introduction of Physical therapy and Rehabilitation medicine, tutors should set learning extent. So, there is limitation to attain completely integrated PBL education within one subject, therefore, it is high lighted to proceed development of integrated curriculum to maximize learning effects of PBL. It is exected that partial integrated PBL package development and application will distribute to prosper excellent physiotherapist in practice.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.244-258
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• 2001

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and apply a conceptualized PBL module for Fundamentals of Nursing. Method: A case study method was used to describe and explore the Process of developing and implementing the PBL module. Result: This module included three PBL packages that were designed to deal with more complexed and indepth concepts as the packages proceeded. In order to achieved that, all the contents of Fundamentals of Nursing II and III were reorganized and integrated into three main concepts, hygiene, infection and dehydration. This module was implemented for first year college student nurses in the second semester of year 2000. The student self-evaluation results showed that they were generally satisfied with their achievement in learning, both final outcome and process. Also, the results indicated that they were more satisfied with the subject management, the lecturer and their peers after implementing PBL. Conclusion : This study demonstrated the potentiality for the application of a partially integrated PBL module within an existing subject. However, when student learning needs were beyond the extent of Fundamentals of Nursing, the lecturer had to set boundaries on learning content and this may have reduced the effects of learning. Therefore, the researchers emphasize the importance of developing an integrated PBL curriculum to maximize student learning outcomes.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of PBL on ability of nursing students in Self-Directed Learning, Critical Thinking Disposition and Problem Solving Process. Methods: The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. For the experimental group PBL was used during one semester (14 weeks). Instruments for data collection were Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale (Kim, 1997), Critical Thinking Disposition Scale (K won et al., 2006) and Problem Solving Process Scale (Lee, 1979). The data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA. Results: There were statistically significant improvements in Self-Directed Learning and Critical Thinking between the two groups after PBL. But there was no statistically significant improvement in the Problem Solving Process. Conclusion: These results suggest that PBL has a positive effect on nursing students' education. Therefore, PBL should be used for more subjects in the nursing curriculum.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.359-375
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• 2000

PBL can be defined as an active, self-directed and student-centered learning, and an opposite way of classroom teacher-centered learning which has been traditional role learning. PBL enables students think more efficiently and effectively when puzzling through the patient problems. The purpose of this study is to find out the perception of student nurse about PBL, the characteristics and the structure of the type for PBL. The research process is as follow : First, the researcher selected 35 statements for PBL with the content analysis of in depth interview and the literature review. Second, the researcher asks 38 student nurse to classify the statement cards. The result of the research is that the type of student nurse's PBL perception is divided into 4 types(Affirmative type, Negative type, Suspicious type, and Preferable type), and the explanative total variance is 44 percent. In relation to this, if PBL well combined and adapted in our traditional curriculum will change our nursing education in better direction.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.229-239
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 구성주의 이론을 바탕으로 한 문제 중심 학습(PBL)을 초등학교 컴퓨터 교육에 적용하여 학습자의 수준에 따라 문제 해결 과정과 컴퓨터 활용 능력에 미치는 영향을 분석해 보았다. 본 연구의 목적 및 선행 연구에 기초하여 고안된 PBL 모형에 따라 초등학교 3학년 컴퓨터 교수-학습 내용 중 '소프트웨어의 활용' 영역을 재구성하여 3주간 실험처치 하였다. 분석 결과 PBL을 적용한 컴퓨터 교수-학습은 문제 해결 과정에 있어서 학습자의 수준에 따라 유의미한 효과가 있었으며, 학습자의 컴퓨터 활용 능력 신장에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과에 대한 시사점 및 후속 연구에 대한 제언을 제시하였다.