• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.161-164
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• 2000

A simple methode for calculating the forward voltage drop of IGBTs is presented, on the voltage drops on the p+ body, the reverse biased depletion region between p+body and epi-layer, the epi layer, and the forward biased collector junction. The decrease of the total current density in the epi layer near the p+ body is taken into account. The proposed methode allows a simple but accurate determination of the forward voltage drop in IGBTs, avoiding the complex path taken in the previous model for the forward voltage drops on channel, accumulation region, and epi region. Numerical simulations for 1kV NPT-IGBT with a uniformly doped collector are shown to support the analytical results.

• 한국전자파학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전자파학회 2003년도 종합학술발표회 논문집 Vol.13 No.1
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• pp.155-159
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• 2003

This paper presents fully integrated 5 GHz band low phase noise LC tank VCO. The implemented VCO is tuned by integrated PN diode and tuning rage is $5.01{\sim}5.30$ GHz under $0{\sim}3 V$ control voltage. For good phase noise performance, LC filtering technique, common in Si CMOS process, is used, and to prevent degradation of phase noise performance by collector shot-noise and to reduce power dissipation the HBT is biased at low collector current density bias point. The measured phase noise is -87.8 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset frequency and -111.4 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency which is good performance. Moreover phase noise is improved by roughly 5 dEc by LC filter. It is the first experimental result in InGaP/GaAs HBT process. The figure of merit of the fabricated VCO with LC filter is -172.1 dBc/Hz. It is the best result among 5 GHz InGaP HBT VCOs. Moreover this work shows lower DC power consumption, higher output power and more fixed output power compared with previous 4, 5 GHz band InGaP HBT VCOs.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회 및 bio-venture fair
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• pp.741-744
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• 2000

부상공정을 이용한 수용액으로부터 색을 제거하기 위한 실험을 수행한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. NaLS를 첨가하였을 때 색 제거율은 투여량과 색 농도의 몰비가 0.6에서 96%, 1.0에서 99%로 나타났으며, NaOl을 첨가하였을 때는 0.6에서 70%, 1.0에서 90%로나타나 NaOl 보다 NaLS를 주입한 경우 색 제거효율이 더 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 2. 3종의 아민류 계면활성제를 첨가하여 Direct Orange 31의 색을 제거한 실험에서는 투여량과 색 농도의 몰비가 0.6미만에서는 pH에 의존하였으나 0.9이상인 경우에는 pH에 의존하지 않았으며, dodecylamine과 색 농도의 몰비가 $0.9{\sim}l.0$, 즉 임계투여량인 12 mg/L에서 색 제거 효율이 가장 우수하였다.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제10권
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• pp.83-88
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• 1990

The samples used for this work were low grade c1ay($Fe_2O_3$ : 2.90%, $TiO_2$ : 1.65%) produced from Youngsan-po district, and for the iron-bearing impurities removal having a bad influence on Kaoline sample was carried out column floatatoin using Oleic acid, Potassium oleat, Aero 840 promotor, Aero 870 promotor and Keroseneas collectors. For removal of the iron-vearing impurities from the kaoline, investigated first chemical composition size distribution of Kaoline sample, also performanced a basic study on pulp density, collector and pH change on a sort of frother. The flotation separation of impurities from kaoline can be achieved by using both oleic acid and Aero 840 promotor as collectors within narrow acid limits(pH 2-3). Pine oil was more effective frother than MIBC with olelic acid as aa collector.

• 한국결정성장학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국결정성장학회 1998년도 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 14TH KACG TECHNICAL MEETING AND THE 5TH KOREA-JAPAN EMGS (ELECTRONIC MATERIALS GROWTH SYMPOSIUM)
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• pp.65-70
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• 1998

The Spray-ICP technique uses the ICP(Inductively Coupled Plasma) of ultra-high temperature which is produced by r.f power. The ICP is well-kwown as a clean heat source for the preparation of pure ceramic particles because the ICP is a electrodeless-thermal plasma without contamination. In this study,{{{{ { SnO}_{2 } }}}} particles were sythesized from metal salt solution by Spray-ICP technique. The effects of concentration of solution, collecting location of powders were investicated. The prepared {{{{ { SnO}_{2 } }}}} particles from each concentration of solution had same crystalline phase(tetragonal {{{{ { SnO}_{2 } }}}}) a nd the mean size decreased in proportion to the increase of solution concentration. Each {{{{ { SnO}_{2 } }}}} p owders collector in reactor and electrostatic collector had same crystalline phase and morphologies. The mean size of {{{{ { SnO}_{2 } }}}} p articles prepared by Spray-ICP technique was below 30nm.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2003

In this work, process optimization techniques for high frequency performance of HBTs are presented. The techniques are focused on reducing parasitic base resistance and base-collector capacitance, which are key elements determining the high frequency characteristics of HBTs. Several fabrication techniques, which can significantly reduce the parasitic elements of the HBTs for improved high frequency performance, are proposed and verified by the measured data of the fabricated devices.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.383-389
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• 2018

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is an innovative environmental and energy system that converts organic wastewater into electrical energy. For practical implementation of MFC as a wastewater treatment process, a number of limitations need to be overcome. Improving cathodic performance is one of major challenges, and introduction of a current collector can be an easy and practical solution. In this study, three types of current collectors made of stainless steel (SS) were tested in a single-chamber cubic MFC. The three current collectors had different contact areas to the cathode (P $1.0cm^2$; PC $4.3cm^2$; PM $6.5cm^2$) and increasing the contacting area enhanced the power and current generations and coulombic and energy recoveries by mainly decreasing cathodic charge transfer impedance. Application of the SS mesh to the cathode (PM) improved maximum power density, optimum current density and maximum current density by 8.8%, 3.6% and 6.7%, respectively, comparing with P of no SS mesh. The SS mesh decreased cathodic polarization resistance by up to 16%, and cathodic charge transfer impedance by up to 39%, possibly because the SS mesh enhanced electron transport and oxygen reduction reaction. However, application of the SS mesh had little effect on ohmic impedance.

• 지질공학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.123-136
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• 2019

본 연구는 비탈면의 불안정으로 인한 붕괴현상인 땅밀림 붕괴가 발생하는 지역에 지하수위 하강을 위한 집수정의 설치 효과를 평가하기 위해서 수행되었다. 비탈면은 지형, 지질적인 내적 특성과 강우와 지진 등 외적 요인의 불안정성이 증가하는 경우 붕괴현상이 유발된다. 우리나라는 우기의 강우 침투에 의하여 토층 내 지하수위가 증가하고, 이로 인한 간극수압의 형성 및 하중 증가로 인하여 붕괴현상이 발생된다. 토양 내 강우침투로 인한 비탈면의 붕괴로 산림훼손이 급증하고 있는 현실이다. 연구대상 비탈면은 계곡과 인접하여 위치하고 지형 형태상으로는 완경사지의 산록완경사면에 해당하고, 붕괴면 상부는 급경사지를 이루고 있다. 땅밀림이 발생되는 지형에 보강공사와 더불어 비탈면에 집수정 설치로 인한 지하수위 변화를 계측하였다. 계측자료를 통하여 집수정이 비탈면에 미치는 연관성을 분석하고자 집수정 설치 전 후의 지하수위-강우량 비를 산출하였으며, 분석 결과 집수정 설치로 지하수위-강우량 비가 증가하여 지하수위를 저하시키는 영향이 있음을 확인하였다. 선행강우량을 3일, 7일, 15일 기준으로 강우량에 따른 지하수위 변화를 분석한 결과, 전체적으로 지하수위가 높으면 지하수위-강우량 비 $r_p$가 작게 나타났으며 지하수위가 낮아지면 상대적으로 큰 값을 보였다. 또한 본 연구지역과 같이 집수유역이 큰 비탈면의 경우는 선행강우량이 지하수에 미치는 영향이 3일 < 7일 < 15일 선행강우량 순으로 나타났다.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제28A권10호
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• pp.821-829
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• 1991

In this paper, a BICMOS technology that has CMOS devices for digital application and bipolar devices for high voltage (80V) analog applications is presented. Basic concept to design BICMOS device is simple process technology without making too many performance trade-offs. The base line process is poly gate p-well CMOS process and three additional masking steps are added to improve bipolar characteristics. The key ingredients of bipolar integration are n+ buried layer process, up/down isolation process and p-well base process. The bipolar base region is formed simultaneously with the region of CMOS p-well area to reduce mask and heat cycle steps. As a result, hFE value of NPN bipolar transistor is 100-150(Ic=1mA). Collector resistance value is 138 ohm in case of bent type collector structure. Breakdown voltage of BVebo, BVcbo and BVceo are 21V, 115V and78V respectively. Threshold voltage is ${\pm}$1.0V for NMOS and PMOS transistor. Breakdown voltage of NMOS and PMOS transistor is obtained 22V and 19V respectively. 41 stage CMOS ring oscillator has 0.8ns delay time.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2005

Higher requirement of advanced building design code and the development of construction technique have resulted in more thermal and air tight buildings. This has caused the sick building syndrome in a indoor air quality has been relatively getting worse. A new concept with a solar fresh air heating and electrostatic precipitator or called as STCC(Solar Transpired Collector and Cyclone) has been proposed to solve this IAQ issue. This paper describes the assessment study of STCC system under different outdoor airflow rates. The experiment was carried out under real condition with 30CMM STCC system test facility. Incense smoke was used to study the particle concentration decay trends under outdoor airflow rates 0CMM, 10CMM, 20CMM, 30CMM, with applied voltages of 5kV and 15kV for collecting and discharging electrodes of an Electrostatic Precipitator. Result shows that the particle decay increases by increasing the outdoor airflow rates. The collection efficiency, dust cleaning effectiveness(P) and application area calculation result comparisons have also been studied. This factors could be used to estimate how a dust of indoor air quality(IAQ) and removed for a building space with a STCC system.