• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1995년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.317-322
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• 1995

This study is to examine the usefulness in using precast girder-infilled steel tube column in reinforced concrete structures through the analysis of the test results, in order to develope the new composite structural system using precast girder-Infilled steel tube column, The variables of specimen are strength of concrete, the numble of hoops, the form of beam-column The variables of specimen are strength of concrete, the number of hoops, the form of beam-column joints. By raising strength of concrete and incresing number of hoops in beam-column joint, it becomes clear to take similar structure capacity to monolithic structures.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제17권32호
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• pp.281-296
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• 1994

In this paper, a new index(joint index) which shows the higher confidence than that of the existing technical indices and has simple logical structure and an index which is an applied form of the existing index(OBV-I index) are proposed. The index characteristics which have been known are verified by choosing the three most used technical indices(ADR index, investment psychological rate and VR index) as samples. And the index characteristics of the joint index are compared to those of the OBV-I index. The comparisons are executed not by comparing the investment earning rate of each index but by calculating the unnecessary number of trade days in the total number of trade days according to the index.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.184-192
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a progressive exercise program for osteoarthritis patients. Methods: This study was performed from 24th March. to 7th July. 2009. Thirty six osteoarthritis patients were participated in the progressive exercise program. Outcome measures were shoulder flexibility, knee flexibility, grip strength, pain intensity, number of pain site and fatigue. SPSS/WIN Version 14.0 was used for the data analysis. Results: At the completion of 6 weeks of progressive exercise program, there were statistically significant differences in shoulder flexibility and knee flexibility. But no significant differences were found in grip strength, pain, number of pain site and fatigue between pretest and posttest. Conclusion: Progressive exercise program was proved to be an effective nursing intervention for improving the shoulder and knee flexibility. However, progressive exercise program did not increase pain & fatigue.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.74-78
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• 2003

Stress analysis was conducted with finite element method to study the stress distributions in both single-pin and multi-pin loaded composite laminates. The various parameters involved in the design of the joint method were considered. The stress distributions in the vicinity of the holes were predicted considering the effects of various parameters such as the lay-ups, number of pins, number of rows, row spacing, and hole patterns. The results show that the performance of joint is greatly affected by these parameters.

• 경영과학
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.89-103
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• 2016

In this paper, we design sampling inspections and service capacities simultaneously for multi-products. Products are supplied in batches after rectifying inspections, that is, rejected lot is subject to total inspection and defective products are reworked to good ones. When supplied, all defective products are uncovered and returned to service. Particularly, we extend Kim [1] by introducing the fixed costs of providing services and show that the cost function of a product is no longer linear or convex in terms of the level of service provision. We develop a framework for a product to deal with this joint design problem and a dynamic programming algorithm for multi-products which allocates the given number of the total service capacities among products with the considerably smaller computations than the total number of possible allocations.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2002년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.79-82
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• 2002

A finite element method based on the two-dimensional progressive failure analysis considering material nonlinearity is presented for characterizing the strength and failure of the unidirectional-fabric hybrid laminated composite joints under pin loading. The 8-node laminated shell element is incorporated in the updated Lagrangian formulation. Failure criteria including the Maximum Stress and Tsai-Wu are used in conjunction with the complete unloading stiffness degradation method. For the verification, joint tests are conducted for the specimens with two different ply-number ratios of UD composite to fabric composite. Although there are some differences depending on ply-number ratios, the finite element model using the maximum stress criterion considering nonlinear material behavior predicts the failure strength best.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.271-285
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• 2020

본 연구는 절리의 기하학적 속성이 절리성 암반의 변형 특성에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 삼차원 불연속절리망(DFN; discrete fracture network) 시스템에 대한 개별요소법 기반의 응력-변형 해석과 관련된 수치실험을 수행하였다. 1~2 개의 확정적 방향성을 갖는 절리군을 사용하여 절리의 빈도와 길이분포를 달리하며 추계론적으로 생성한 총 12개의 1000㎥ 정육면체 DFN 블록에 대하여 삼차원 직교좌표계의 축 방향에 따른 변형계수가 산정되었다. 또한, 일부 DFN 블록은 삼차원상에서 매 30° 간격의 선주향 및 선경사 방향을 축차응력 방향으로 설정하고 변형계수를 산정하였다. 절리의 길이가 증가할수록 DFN 블록의 변형계수는 더욱 저감되는 것으로 평가되었다. 절리의 빈도 증가는 절리의 길이가 짧아서 상대적으로 암교 효과가 큰 경우 DFN 블록의 변형계수 저감에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 못 할 가능성도 있지만 절리길이가 길수록 절리빈도의 증가가 DFN의 이방적 변형계수에 지대한 영향을 미치는 것으로 평가되었다. 절리의 길이와 빈도 변화에 따른 이방적 변형계수의 변화는 DFN에 분포하는 절리군의 개수 및 방향성에 크게 좌우된다. DFN 블록의 변형 특성은 삼차원상의 방향에 따라 다르게 발현되는 것으로 평가되었다. 마지막으로 본 연구는 절리의 기하학적 속성이 고려된 응력-변형 해석을 위한 수치해석 절차를 제시하였으며 현장규모의 실무 적용을 위한 방법론에 대하여 토의하였다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2015

PURPOSE. The mechanical and interfacial characterization of laser welded Co-Cr alloy with two different joint designs. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Dumbbell cast specimens (n=30) were divided into 3 groups (R, I, K, n=10). Group R consisted of intact specimens, group I of specimens sectioned with a straight cut, and group K of specimens with a $45^{\circ}$ bevel made at the one welding edge. The microstructure and the elemental distributions of alloy and welding regions were examined by an SEM/EDX analysis and then specimens were loaded in tension up to fracture. The tensile strength (TS) and elongation (${\varepsilon}$) were determined and statistically compared among groups employing 1-way ANOVA, SNK multiple comparison test (${\alpha}$=.05) and Weibull analysis where Weibull modulus m and characteristic strength ${\sigma}_0$ were identified. Fractured surfaces were imaged by a SEM. RESULTS. SEM/EDX analysis showed that cast alloy consists of two phases with differences in mean atomic number contrast, while no mean atomic number was identified for welded regions. EDX analysis revealed an increased Cr and Mo content at the alloy-joint interface. All mechanical properties of group I (TS, ${\varepsilon}$, m and ${\sigma}_0$) were found inferior to R while group K showed intermediated values without significant differences to R and I, apart from elongation with group R. The fractured surfaces of all groups showed extensive dendritic pattern although with a finer structure in the case of welded groups. CONCLUSION. The K shape joint configuration should be preferred over the I, as it demonstrates improved mechanical strength and survival probability.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.144-153
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• 2002

This study was designed to explore use of unconventional treatments and identify related variables of patients with rheumatic disease. One hundred fifty rheumatic patients were recruited from two university based rheumatic centers according to selection criteria. Collected data were analyzed using SAS program through with a structured questionnaire. T-test, ANOVA, and Scheffe's test were adopted. The results were as follows: 1. 77.7% of the subjects were over forties and mean age was 48.5 years. 74.0% were women and 73.2% were living with their spouse. 82.0% of them was good or moderate or good economic status, 38.3% was university graduates. 2. 58.0% of the subjects had rheumatoid arthritis, and mean duration of suffering rheumatic disease was 6.5 years. 89.3% of them had joint pain and their mean pain score was 4.07. Most painful joints were hip(58.0%), finger(42.0%), wrist(42.0%), and the number of painful joint was 5.4. 70% of the subjects using unconventional treatments, the most common treatments using them was herb medicine(42.7%) and acupuncture(36.7%). 3. Level of pain was different according to subject's age, educational background, diagnosis, number of painful joints, and using unconventional treatments or not. It is recommended that use of a larger sample to understand more about unconventional treatments and pain of patients with rheumatic disease. More research is needed to consider developing individual nursing interventions for their well-being and quality of life.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권11호
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• pp.4072-4083
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• 2022

Ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) is carried out on the Ni-based alloy stainless steel pipe gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) girth weld, the differences of microstructure, microhardness and shear strength distribution of the joint before and after ultrasonic shock are studied by microhardness test and shear punch test. The results show that after UIT, the plastic deformation layer is formed on the outside surface of the Ni-based alloy overlayer, single-phase austenite and γ type precipitates are formed in the overlayer, and a large number of columnar crystals are formed on the bottom side of the overlayer. The average microhardness of the overlayer increased from 221 H V to 254 H V by 14.9%, the shear strength increased from 696 MPa to 882 MPa with an increase of 26.7% and the transverse average residual stress decreased from 102.71 MPa (tensile stress) to -18.33 MPa (compressive stress), the longitudinal average residual stress decreased from 114.87 MPa (tensile stress) to -84.64 MPa (compressive stress). The fracture surface has been appeared obvious shear lip marks and a few dimples. The element migrates at the fusion boundary between the Ni-based alloy overlayer and the austenitic stainless steel joint, which is leaded to form a local martensite zone and appear hot cracks. The welded joint is cooled by FA solidification mode, which is forming a large number of late and skeleton ferrite phase with an average microhardness of 190 H V and no obvious change in shear strength. The base metal is all austenitic phase with an average microhardness of 206 H V and shear strength of 696 MPa.