• BMB Reports
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.952-958
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• 2007

We isolated many genes induced from pepper cDNA microarray data following their infection with the soybean pustule pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines 8ra. A full-length cDNA clone of the Capsicum annuum ankyrin-repeat domain $C_3H_1$ zinc finger protein (CaKR1) was identified in a chili pepper using the expressed sequence tag (EST) database. The deduced amino acid sequence of CaKR1 showed a significant sequence similarity (46%) to the ankyrin-repeat protein in very diverse family of proteins of Arabidopsis. The gene was induced in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses in the pepper leaves, as well as by an incompatible pathogen, such as salicylic acid (SA) and ethephon. CaKR1 expression was highest in the root and flower, and its expression was induced by treatment with agents such as NaCl and methyl viologen, as well as by cold stresses. These results showed that CaKR1 fusion with soluble, modified green fluorescent protein (smGFP) was localized to the cytosol in Arabidopsis protoplasts, suggesting that CaKR1 might be involved in responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses in pepper plants.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2004

산화스트레스에 내성을 지닌 형질전환 감자 식물체를 개발하기 위하여 산화스트레스에 의해 발현이 강하게 유도되는 SWPA2 프로모터에 CuZnSOD와 APX 유전자가 엽록체에서 동시에 발현되도록 연결한 형질전환 벡터 (pSSA-K)를 제작한 후 Agrobacterium 매개로 형질전환 하였다. 기관 발생 경로에 의해 kanamycin 저항성 식물체를 재분화 시킨후 Southern 분석으로 외래 유전자가 안정적으로 감자 게놈내로 삽입되었음을 확인하였다. 형질전환 감자 식물체의 잎 조직에 10$\mu$M methyl viologen을 처리하여 산화스트레스 내성 검정을 조사한 결과 형질전환체는 MV에 대해 강한 내성을 지님을 확인하였다. 내성을 보인 개체 중에서 환경스트레스에 대한 내성 조사를 위하여 품종별로 2 개체씩 선발하였다. 선발된 식물체는 건조, 고온 등의 여러 가지 환경스트레스 내성검정에 이용될 것이며 향후 복합재해 내성 감자 품종이 개발될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.368-375
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• 2008

Approximately 120 UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), which are classified into 14 distinct groups (A to N), have been annotated in the Arabidopsis genome. UGTs catalyze the transfer of sugars to various acceptor molecules including flavonoids. Previously, UGT71C1 was shown to glycosylate the 3-OH of hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids in vitro. Such secondary metabolites are known to play important roles in plant growth and development. To help define the role of UGT71C1 in planta, we investigated its expression patterns, and isolated and characterized a loss-of-function mutation in the UGT71C1 gene (named ugt71c1-1). Our analyses by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), microarray data mining, and histochemical detection of GUS activity driven by the UGT71C1 promoter region, revealed the tissue-specific expression patterns of UGT71C1 with highest expression in roots. Interestingly, upon treatment with methyl viologen (MV, paraquat), ugt71c1-1 plants displayed enhanced resistance to oxidative stress, and ROS scavenging activity was higher than normal. Metabolite profiling revealed that the levels of two major glycosides of quercetin and kaempferol were reduced in ugt71c1-1 plants. In addition, when exposed to MV-induced oxidative stress, eight representative ROS response genes were expressed at lower levels in ugt71c1-1 plants, indicating that ugt71c1-1 probably has higher non-enzymatic antioxidant activity. Taken together, our results indicate that ugt71c1-1 has increased resistance to oxidative stress, suggesting that UGT71C1 plays a role in some glycosylation pathways affecting secondary metabolites such as flavonoids in response to oxidative stress.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.287-291
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• 1985

The addition of poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) to $Ru(bpy)_3^{2+}$ solutions shifted the emission peak by 3 nm to red, and increased emission intensity by 1.8 times. By contrast, poly(vinylsulfonate) (PVS) had little effect on the fluorescence spectrum. The effects of PSS on the spectral properties of $Ru(bpy)_3^{2+}$, were attributed to the presence of a hydrophobic phenyl group in PSS, which interact with $Ru(bpy)_3^{2+}$ by, at least in part, hydrophobic effect. The binding constant of $Ru(bpy)_3^{2+}$ to PSS in 0.1 M NaCl was $6{\times}10^4\;M^{-1}$, and this value was about $10^3$ times higher than those of methyl viologen ($MV^{2+}$) and $Cu^{2+}$. The Stern-Volmer constants of emission quenching of $Ru(bpy)_3^{2+}$ by $MV^{2+}$ and $Cu^{2+}$ in 0.1 M NaCl solutions were 426 and 40 $M^{-1}$, which correspond to second order rate constants($k_q$) of $1.1{\times}10^9\;and\; 1.0{\times}10^8\;M^{-1}s^{-1}$, respectively. The presence of PSS enhanced $K_{SV's}\;by\;{\sim}50$ times, whereas PVS increased the values only 1-4 times. The large enhancing effect of PSS, despite of lower charge density than PVS, was explained in terms of longer life-time of photoexcited $Ru(bpy)_3^{2+}$ bound to PSS and strong association of $Ru(bpy)_3^{2+}$ to PSS due to a specific interaction involving hydrophobic effect. The variation of $K_{SV's}$ on the concentrations of PVS and PSS were also investigated for $Ru(bpy)_3^{2+}-MV^{2+}\;and \;Ru(bpy)_3^{2+}-Cu^{2+}$ photoredox systems.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2009

산화스트레스에 내성을 지닌 형질전철 고구마 식물체를 개발하기 위해서 산화스트레스에 의해 발현이 강하게 유도되는 SWPA2 프로모터 또는 CaMV 35S 프로모터에 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (Prx) 유전자가 발현되도록 연결한 형질전철 벡터 (pSP-K, pEP-K)를 제작한 후, 각각 Agrobacterium 매개로 형질전환 하였다. 카나마이신 저항성 배발생 캘러스로부터 체세포배발생 과정을 거쳐 100mg/L kanainycin이 포함된 MS 배지에서 소식물체로 발달하였다. Southern 분석으로 외래 유전자가 안정적으로 고구마 게놈 내로 삽입되었음을 확인하였다. 형질전환 고구마 잎 조직을 대상으로 $20{\mu}M$ methyl viologen에 대한 내성 검정을 조사하여 형질전환 고구마 식물체가 비형질전환 식물체 또는 벡터 대조구 식물체 보다 40% 정도 높은 신화스트레스에 대한 내성을 보여주었다. 선발된 형질전환 식물계는 저온, 건조 등의 여러 기지 환경스트레스 내성검정에 이용될 것이며 향후 복합재해 내성 고구마 계통육성에 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 화훼연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.269-273
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• 2011

본 연구는 환경스트레스 저항성이 증진된 페튜니아를 개발하기 위하여 NDPK2유전자 도입 형질전환 계통 NDPK2-7-1와 SOD2 유전자 도입 형질전환 계통 SOD2-2-1-1-35간의 교잡에 의해 획득된 후대들의 비생물적 스트레스 저항성을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 비생물적 스트레스 유발원인 메틸바이올로젠(methyl viologen, MV) $100{\mu}M$과 $200{\mu}M$ 처리에서 교잡후대들은 그들의 교배모본 SOD2 유전자나 NDPK2 유전자가 단독으로 도입된 형질전환 계통이나 비형질전환체 보다 메틸바이올로젠에 의한 피해를 적게 받았다. 이는 SOD2 유전자나 NDPK2 유전자가 단독으로 도입된 형질전환 계통간 교잡에 의해 획득된 후대들이 그들의 교배모본 (SOD2 유전자나 NDPK2 유전자가 단독으로 도입된 형질전환 계통)이나 비형질전환체 보다 산화적 스트레스에 대한 저항성이 증진되었음을 증명해 준다고 할 수 있다. 이들 교잡후대들은 초장 등 11종류의 양적형질의 특성이 비형질전환체에 비해 약간 길거나 짧긴 하였지만 비형질전환체와 거의 유사하였으며, 꽃 색갈이나 모양 또한 그들의 교배모본 (SOD2 유전자나 NDPK2 유전자가 단독으로 도입된 형질전환 계통)이나 비형질전환체와 차이가 없었다.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.67-69
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• 2014

Bis(2-thienyl)-diketopyrrolopyrrole having two $Zn^{II}$-cylcens (DPPCy) was synthesized. DPP-aggregates were constructed by self-organization of DPPCy and $dT_n$-DNAs. In the presence of L-ascorbic acid as an electron sacrifice reagent, the DPP aggregates immobilized on a gold electrode exhibit good anodic photocurrent responses as well as cathodic photocurrent responses in the presence of methyl viologen. The anodic photocurrent responses depend on the DNA lengths because of the formation of uniform DPP-aggregates corresponding to the DNA lengths. The present results show that photocurrent responses of the DPP-aggregates can be controlled by DNA lengths and electron sacrifice reagents.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.86-91
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• 2008

The full-length cDNA of CaAbsi1 encodes a presumptive protein of 134 amino acid residues that has homology to a putative zinc finger protein in its C-terminus. The deduced amino acid sequence has 50% homology to Oryza sativa NP001049-274, the function of which is unknown. Expression of CaAbsi1 was reduced in response to inoculation of non-host pathogens. On the other hand it was induced one hour after exposure to high concentrations of NaCl or mannitol, and six hours after transfer to low temperature. Induction also occurred in response to oxidative stress, methyl viologen, hydrogen peroxide and abscisic acid. Our results suggest that CaAbsi1 plays a role in multiple responses to wounding and abiotic stresses.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1244-1246
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• 1997

In conducting systems based on Langmuir - Blodgett (LB) films, tetracyanoquinodimethane(TCNQ) derivatives have been extensively studied as electron acceptor molecules. We have fabricated N-docosyl N'-methyl viologen diTCNQ (DMVT) anion radical LB film and investigated the FT-IR, ESR, and AFM images as the optical, magnetic properties and morphology of the LB film. We have measured in-plane electrical conductivity with number of layers. The in-plane conductivities are approximately $10^{-7}{\sim}10^{-6}\;S/cm$.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.5-8
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• 1997

A study on the electrical conduction characteristics of the ultrathin organic films is one of the important factors for the development of molecular electronic devices. The Langmuir- Blodgett(LB) technique has recently been attracted interest as a method of the deposition ultrathin films. We hate fabricated N-docosyl N\`-methyl viologen-diTCNQ(DMVT) anion radical LB film and investigated the molecular orientation and electrical conduction characteristics. We have measured infrared transmission-reflection spectra. The alkyl chain is found to he well-ordered with the tilt angle of 13$^{\circ}$ with respect to the substrate surface normal and the TCNQ plane is tilted at 76$^{\circ}$ the surface normal. In ESR spectrum, we confirmed that a half-amplitude linewidth is clearly dependent on the incident angle, which indicates conducting species change. The in-plane conductivity of 31 lagers is approximately 1.33$\times$10$^{-6}$ S/cm. The ohmic behaviour was observed below 0.6 V, when current-voltage(I-V) characteristics was measured verically.