• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.67-77
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The study aims to improve the quality of emergency medical services by surveying the user's satisfaction of 119 emergency medical services nationwide. Methods: From December 21 to December 27 each year from 2015 to 2017 a total of 5,889 people were surveyed by phone call in fire station. Results: The average degree of satisfaction with the emergency medical services was 4.17±0.70, with 85.1% respondents reporting being 'satisfied'. Factors like being a patient, injuries, residential area, and scene arrival time affected satisfaction. From 2015 to 2017, the satisfaction degree decreased every year, with factors affecting this results including "first aid guidance of phone call" and "rapidity of emergency medical services." The highest satisfaction factors were 'friendly acting of emergency medical services' and 'appropriate offer of emergency medical services', while the lowest satisfaction factors were 'first aid guidance of phone call' and 'adequacy of emergency medical team'. Conclusion: The quality of emergency medical services needs to be improved by managing the quality of phone call first aid guidance and the assignment of adequate emergency medical teams to increase user satisfaction.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.139-151
• /
• 2019

Purpose: To discuss the records and legal standards of emergency medical technician training institutions in Korea and abroad, to identify the problems, and to provide the basic resources for improving the EMT-basic training institutions. Methods: We received advice through an advisory meeting of experts (professors of department of emergency medical technicians) and interested parties (Korean Association of Emergency Medical Technicians, officials of emergency medical technician training institutions) and referred to various reports published by governments, official institutions, and other trustworthy organizations. Also, we communicated with the related experts abroad (3 countries) on the phone or by email for surveys. Results: Compared to the abroad, it is necessary to categorize the standards and procedures of designating the emergency medical technician training institutions in Korea and improve the management of training institutions to train competent emergency medical technicians. Conclusion: It is necessary to designate and manage continuously the emergency medical technician-basic training programs for the systematic primary healthcare service.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.57-66
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the effect of simulation-based learning on knowledge, confidence, and critical thinking of paramedical students enrolled in the Korean Advanced Life Support (KALS) program. This study used a one group, pre-post test design. Methods: The subjects of this study were 79 paramedical students in D city. Data were collected before and after the simulation-based training using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Results: After the simulation-based KALS education, knowledge (t=-6.88, p<.001) and confidence (t=-10.12, p<.001) increased among paramedical students. There was a positive correlation between confidence and critical thinking disposition (r=0.37, p=.001). Conclusion: A practical module for simulation-based education that can improve knowledge, confidence, and critical thinking disposition related to professional resuscitation is needed for use with paramedical students. Additionally, follow-up studies should be conducted to verify the educational effects of such a program.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.81-92
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The aim of the study is to measure the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the fatigue of rescuers wearing PPE (Level D) during a CPR session and to ultimately provide suggestions of safety standards for rescuers. Methods: 36 subjects were enrolled in the study. The subjects were divided randomly into three groups of two-members, three-members, and four-members. Each group performed CPR for 30 minutes. Blood lactate concentration, heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, chest compression depth and rate were measured before experiment and after each cycle. Results: There was a difference in the blood lactate concentration during CPR cycle by member of shifts (p=.014). The blood lactate concentration increased during CPR (p=.000). Subjective fatigue was a significant difference of chest compression in cycles 3, 4, and 5 for the member of shifts during CPR (p=.049, p=.009, p=.015). Depth and rate of chest compression were not different for the member of shifts during CPR. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish standards for the member of shifts during CPR, to reduce the fatigue of rescuers.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.135-140
• /
• 2023

Objectives : Moxibustion-related standards have been established by organizations such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the Korean Standards Association (KSA), among others. Methods : We summarized moxibustion-related standards that have been published by ISO and KSA. Results : Technical Committees 249 (ISO/TC 249), which was established in 2009, has been established moxibustion devices standards in working group (WG) 4. International standards have been established for moxibustion devices, smokeless moxibustion devices, moxa floss quality, and electric heating moxibustion equipment. Work on international standards for infrared moxibustion-like instruments and moxibustion device terminology is currently in progress. Conclusions : Korea has taken a central role establishing international standards for a wide range of moxibustion devices, supported by fundamental research data in this field. To continue its influence in establishing these international standards, further studies providing the basis for moxibustion device standardization are required.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제26권12호
• /
• pp.213-220
• /
• 2021

코로나 바이러스 감염증-19(COVID-19) 펜데믹이 선포되고, 세계 각국에서 확진자와 사망자와 증가함에 따라, 전 세계가 두려움에 휩싸여 있다. 이에 본 연구에서 건강 믿음 모형(Health Belief Model)을 이론적 기반으로 소방공무원과 해양경찰공무원의 감염예방행동의 심리적 요인을 분석하였다. 두 집단 사이의 COVID-19 감염 예방 행동의 유의한 차이는 없었지만, 일반적 특성에서 지각된 질병 감염 가능성, 지각된 심각성, 지각된 효과와 COVID-19 감염 예방 행동 사이에는 유의적인 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 지각된 장애요인과는 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이 연구는 건강 믿음 모형으로 소방공무원과 해양경찰공부원을 대상으로 한 첫 번째 분석으로 그 의의가 있고, 신종 전염병 예방 행동의 수행을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다는 점에서 큰 의의가 있다고 볼 수 있다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.49-60
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze job stress, ego-resilience, and results of the impact of event scale in order to verify the actual job stress of firefighters and provide baseline data for developing resolution programs. Methods: Data were collected via e-mail from 270 firefighters working at 119 safety centers and firehouses in the regions of Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Busan, and Gyeongsang-do between the $1^{st}$ and $30^{th}$ of July, 2017. Results: Regarding gender differences in job stress, women ($2.16{\pm}0.65$) showed statistically significant job stress compared to men ($1.93{\pm}0.57$). As for the results of the incident impact of event scale statistically significant differences were observed (p=.001), and ego-resilience in men ($4.15{\pm}0.54$) was significantly higher than that in women ($3.79{\pm}0.75$) (p=.006). Depending on the work period, there were statistically significant differences (p=.000) in job stress, ego-resilience (p=.002), and impact of event scale (p=.000). Conclusion: Since job stress, ego-resilience, and results of the impact of event scale were closely related to dispatch frequency and work period of the firefighters, detailed and continuous stress management programs that consider these factors need to be developed.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.187-202
• /
• 2018

Objectives : Non-invasive transcranial electrical stimulation is one of therapeutic interventions to change in neural excitability of the cortex. Transcranial electro-acupuncture (TEA) can modulate brain functions through changes in cortical excitability as a model of non-invasive transcranial electrical stimulation. Some composites of fermented Scutellaria baicalenis (FSB) can activate intercellular signaling pathways for activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor that is critical for formation of neural plasticity in stroke patients. This study was aimed at evaluation of combinatory treatment of TEA and FSB on behavior recovery and cortical neural excitability in rodent focal stroke model. Methods : Focal ischemic stroke was induced by photothrombotic injury to the motor cortex of adult rats. Application of TEA with 20 Hz and $200{\mu}A$ in combination with daily oral treatment of FBS was given to stroke animals for 3 weeks. Motor recovery was evaluated by rotating bean test and ladder working test. Electrical activity of cortical pyramidal neurons of stroke model was evaluated by using multi-channel extracellular recording technique and thallium autometallography. Results : Compared with control stroke group who did not receive any treatment, Combination of TEA and FSB treatment resulted in more rapid recovery of forelimb movement following focal stroke. This combination treatment also elicited increase in spontaneous firing rate of putative pyramidal neurons. Furthermore expression of metabolic marker for neural excitability was upregulated in peri-infract area under thallium autometallography. Conclusions : These results suggest that combination treatment of TEA and FSB can be a possible remedy for motor recovery in focal stroke.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.132-138
• /
• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 소방공무원의 음주 실태를 파악하고 음주수준과 직무스트레스의 관계를 분석하기 위함이다. 연구대상은 C지역, K지역, P지역의 소방공무원 267명으로 설문을 통해 음주 실태와 직무스트레스를 측정하였다. 연구결과 음주수준은 정상음주군 152명(56.9%), 문제음주군 115명(43.1%)이었고, 음주 빈도는 2-4 회/월 83명(31.1%), 음주량은 10잔 이상 101명(37.8%), 폭음 빈도는 매일이 77명(28.8%)으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 직무스트레스가 높은 군에서 문제 음주군이 될 위험도가 높았고(OR = 5.458, 95% CI = 1.108 - 26.886), 그 중 대인관계 갈등이 음주수준에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인으로 나타났다(OR = .332, 95% CI = .134 - .820). 따라서 직무스트레스를 낮추고 대인관계 갈등을 줄인다면 음주 수준을 낮출 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.102-113
• /
• 2016

Objectives : This study is aimed at developing and discussing the prediction model of blood stasis pattern of traditional Korean medicine(TKM) using machine learning algorithms: multiple logistic regression and decision tree model. Methods : First, we reviewed the blood stasis(BS) questionnaires of Korean, Chinese, and Japanese version to make a integrated BS questionnaire of patient-reported outcomes. Through a human subject research, patients-reported BS symptoms data were acquired. Next, experts decisions of 5 Korean medicine doctor were also acquired, and supervised learning models were developed using multiple logistic regression and decision tree. Results : Integrated BS questionnaire with 24 items was developed. Multiple logistic regression models with accuracy of 0.92(male) and 0.95(female) validated by 10-folds cross-validation were constructed. By decision tree modeling methods, male model with 8 decision node and female model with 6 decision node were made. In the both models, symptoms of 'recent physical trauma', 'chest pain', 'numbness', and 'menstrual disorder(female only)' were considered as important factors. Conclusions : Because machine learning, especially supervised learning, can reveal and suggest important or essential factors among the very various symptoms making up a pattern identification, it can be a very useful tool in researching diagnostics of TKM. With a proper patient-reported outcomes or well-structured database, it can also be applied to a pre-screening solutions of healthcare system in Mibyoung stage.