• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2003

품질 인증 테스트는 소프트웨어의 품질을 결정하고 보증하기 위하여 인증 기관에서 제품 개발 후에 수행하는 테스트로써 해당 제품의 소스 코드 없이 제품 매뉴얼의 분석을 통하여 테스트가 이루어지는 경우가 대부분이다. 본 논문에서는 제품 매뉴얼에 기반한 테스트 데이타 생성을 위하여, 소프트웨어 패키지와 매뉴얼 분석 데이타로부터 테스트 데이타를 생성하는 것을 자동화한 '테스트 데이터 자동 생성 도구'(Manual-based Automatic Test data generating tool: MaT)를 구현한다. MaT의 입력 데이타는 소프트웨어 패키지와 매뉴얼의 분석 결과인데, 입력 데이타 구성을 위하여 '메뉴 기반 테스트 분석 모델'을 제안한다. 본 도구를 소프트웨어 패키지의 품질 인증 테스트에 적용함으로써 품질과 신뢰도가 향상된 소프트웨어 제품 개발에 기여할 수 있게 된다.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.86-91
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• 2004

Liquid-Based Uterine Cervicovaginal Cytology is known to be a sensitive and effective screening method for cervical neoplasm $MonoPrep^{TM},\;ThinPrep^{TM},\;and\;SurePath^{TM}$ methods have been recently used as Liquid-Based Uterine Cervicovaginal Cytology techniques, and the $SurePath^{TM}$ method has been used in Sung-Yoon Reference Laboratory since 2003. The goal of Liquid-Based Uterine Cervicovaginal Cytology is to separate cervical epithelial cells from non-target cells, red blood cells and neutrophils. This report describes a study which evaluated cellularity, stainablilty, and cellular changes of epithelial cels in samples processed using a manual technique as compared to samples processed using $SurePath^{TM}$ automated method. The samples processed by means of a manual technique contained a cellularity of epithelial cells similar to that of the samples processed using the $SurePath^{TM}$ automated method. In addition, we compared variable density gradient reagents, including dextran, dextrose, and sucrose, to $SurePath^{TM}$ gradient media in order to evaluate cell fractionation and cellularity of epithelial cells. 10% dextran of gradient media shows good fractionation. The samples processed with 10% dextran demonstrated sufficient cellularity of epithelial cells and shows the fewest cellular changes. In conclusion, using a manual technique on these samples is easier to read than those results obtained using the $SurePath^{TM}$ automated method.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to report the clinical effects of the Graston Technique and Chuna manual therapy, combined with Korean Medical Treatment for fibromyalgia. Methods : We treated a patient diagnosed with fibromyalgia. We used acupuncture, the Graston Technique, Chuna manual therapy, pharmacopuncture, herbal medicine, moxibustion and physical therapy. Outcomes were evaluated using the American College of Rheumatology Preliminary Diagnostic Criteria (ACR), the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), and the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Results : The widespread pain index (WPI) scale score of the ACR decreased from 12 to 9, and the symptom severity scale (SS) score of the ACR decreased from 8 to 6. The FIQ score decreased from 63.69 to 50.15. On the NRS, lower back pain & lower limb pain decreased from 6 to 2; neck pain from 6 to 3; muscle tenderness & morning stiffness from 6 to 4; fatigue from 6 to 3; urticaria from 6 to 2. Conclusion : This case study suggests that the Graston Technique and Chuna manual therapy combined with Korean Medical Treatment may be effective treatments for fibromyalgia. However, further studies are needed.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.345-350
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• 2021

미용(美容)산업의 폭발적 발전 속에서 피부관리사는 과중한 업무 강도나 무리한 근무시간으로 인해 건강과 직무(職務) 태도에 부정적 영향을 받게 됨에 따라 근무 환경이나 직무 심리에 대한 시급한 연구가 필요하다. 이에 가설을 설정하여 매뉴얼 테크닉과 연계한 피부관리사의 직무 효능감과 직무만족도에 미치는 주요 영향에 대해 분석하였다. 연구 결과 피부미용 매뉴얼 테크닉이 피부관리사의 직무 효능감에 미치는 영향에서는 강찰법이 많은 영향을 미쳤으며 직무만족도를 유발하는 영향에서는 유연법, 고타법, 진동법이 유의적 영향을 미쳤다. 피부관리실에서 고객의 시술 목적과 적용 범위에 따른 심화된 매뉴얼 테크닉의 연구와 개발은 피부관리사의 직무 효능감과 직무만족도뿐만 아니라 고객 만족을 위하여 필요하기 때문에 본 연구는 피부관리사의 직무심리의 후속 연구에 기초자료로 활용되리라 사료한다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2005

Objectives : To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of manual acupuncture at Sam-hwang points on hepatotoxicity in $CCl_4$-intoxicated rats. Methods : Rats were injected intraperitoneally with $CCl_4$(1ml/kg) and treated with manual acupuncture at left Sam-hwang points 3 times a week for 10 weeks. A non-acupoint in left Gluteal area was selected as a sham point. Acupuncture was performed by an experienced acupuncture doctor using tonifying manipulation technique. To estimate the effects on hepatotoxici쇼, body weight and liver weight of rats were measured, and biochemical assays(ALT, AST, ALP, Total cholesterol, etc.) and blood cell analysis were performed. Results : Manual acupuncture with tonifying technique at Sam-hwang points reduced liver weight, ALT, AST, ALP activities and total cholesterol in serum significantly compared with control group. In blood cell analysis, WBC and lymphocytes were reduced but neutrophil was increased by manual acupuncture at Sam-hwang points in rats. Conclusions : Manual acupuncture with tonifying technique at Sam-hwang points has an hepatoprotective effect on $CCl_4$-induced liver damage in rats.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2022

Objectives This study aimed to the application of Chuna manual therapy in patients with stroke where much evidence is not available. Methods Domestic databases (KOREANTK, OASIS, RISS, KISS, and KMBASE) were queried for literature showing application of Chuna manual therapy in stroke patients. Additionally, insufficient evidence was supplemented with expert consensus using the Delphi method. Based on the literature review and expert consensus, the academic committee of the Korean Society of Chuna Manual Medicine reviewed and summarized the Chuna technique recommendations that can be applied to stroke patients. Results There were six studies on Chuna manual therapy in stroke patients, and Chuna therapy was applied for pelvic, shoulder, and elbow joint spasticity. The expert Delphi survey did not agree with the application of the nine of the 69 standard Chuna techniques and deliberated on matters to be considered when applying Chuna manual therapy to stroke patients. Finally, based on clinical research literature and expert opinions, Chuna technique was recommended for patients with post-stroke spasticity. Conclusions The application of Chuna therapy to non-muscular skeletal disorders, including stroke is recommended and should be applied while taking the necessary precautions.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.206-212
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to report on the improvement of shoulder pain resulting from disorders of the rotator cuff such as impingement syndrome and adhesive capsulitis, by manual acupuncture (MA) and pharmacopuncture (PA) following origin/insertion technique (OIT) of applied kinesiology (AK). Two patients were treated with MA and PA after OIT on shoulder muscles. The Numerical Rating Scale and the assessment of the Japanese Orthopedic Association scores were used to assess the pain, and ultrasound images were taken to compare treatment outcome. This study showed that MA and PA following OIT may be an effective treatment for impingement syndrome and adhesive capsulitis.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.181-191
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• 1998

The age of specialization is upon physical therapy, as evidenced by the many special interest group. One of the special interest is manual therapy, which is the study of neurology, biomechanic, behavior science and pathology as well as the application of evaluative and treatment techniques of the neuromusculoskeletal system. Trend of manual therapy cover the whole medical in Europe. but America has two categories which is the neurologic manual therapy and the orthopedic manual therapy. The neurologic manual therapy was integrated with theory of PNF, Bobath technique, Vojta which is neurophysiologic approach concept. It is called motor control. A key aspect of the motor control requires a through knowledge of neurobiologic, biomechanic, and behavioral science. The orthopedic manual therapy runs to the evaluation and treatment of joints and their surrounding structures increase or decrease mobility and Fain control. In this article has to define and clarify the basic concepts of orthopedic manual therapy by comparing the general concepts, evaluation schemes, and treatment procedures of John McM Mennell, James Cyriax, Geoffrey Maitland, Freddy Kaltenborn and Ola Grimsby.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of myofascial release technique on pain threshold and hormonal changes in patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. Methods: Eight patients with adhesive capsulitis were treated with the myofascial release technique. Myofascial release is a form of manual therapy that involves the application of a low load, long duration stretch to the myofascial complex, intended to restore optimal length, decrease pain, and improve function. Blood tests and pressure pain threshold (PPT) examinations were performed on their first visit. On their second visit, the myofascial release technique was applied to the shoulder for 20 min. Then, blood tests and PPT were re-evaluated to determine the effects of the myofascial release technique on pain threshold and hormonal changes. Results: Pain threshold increased from 2.92 to 24.13 lb after treatment. Epinephrine decreased from .13 to .08 ng/mL whereas norepinephrine increased from .25 to .41ng/㎖ after treatment. Conclusion: Myofascial release technique in patients with adhesive capsulitis increased pain thresholds, norepinephrine and decreased epinephrine levels.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2022

Background: Cervical headache (CGH) is a common condition that causes serious damage. Mulligan described a sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGs) as a manual therapy approach to treat this dysfunction. Although there have been several case studies to evaluate the effectiveness of SNAG, the efficacy of SNAG for cervical headaches is still controversial. Therefore, this study examined the effects of Mulligan's SNAG technique on cervical headache and pain intensity to present basic clinical data. Methods: Thirty-two subjects participated in this study, 16 each in the experimental and control groups. The experimental group applied Mulligan's SNAGs technique and the control group applied the placebo SNAGs technique. Results: Significant differences (p<.05) in the changes in pain, neck disability index (NDI) and Hamilton rating scale for depression (HRSD) were observed between the two groups. Conclusion: The application of Mulligan's SNAG technique to patients with cervical headaches effectively reduced headache, depression, and neck dysfunction. Based on this study, Mulligan's SNAGs technique can be used as an objective research method for additional studies targeting cervical headache patients in the future.