• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.215-219
• /
• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the similarity between hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) titers and sample to positive ratio (S/P ratio) of Newcastle disease(ND) virus. To perform this study, the 372 sera of broiler chicks and 120 sera of layers and breed chicks were collected from slaughter house and farms, respectively. As a result of HI test out of different chicks, the positive percentage of ND antibody titer of broiler, layer and breeder, when a standard positive HI titer were '2', was 84.4%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The positive percentage of ND antibody titer by ELISA was shown 38.4%, 100% and 100% and S/P ratio were also shown 81.5%, 98.2% and 99.2%, respectively. The results of comparative survey with same sera by two experimental methods were as follows; In low HI titer, ELISA titer was not similar to HI titer, but S/P ratio was similar to it. In high HI titer, ELISA titer was not similar to HI titer. Therefore, HI titer was more similar to S/P ratio than ELISA titer.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.339-348
• /
• 2023

The outbreak of lumpy skin disease (LSD), caused by LSD virus (LSDV), in Jeollabuk-do was first confirmed at a Korean cattle farm in Buan-gun on October 24, 2023. Afterwards, thirteen cases (twelve cases in Gochang-gun and a case in Imsil-gun) were further confirmed, resulting in a total of fourteen cases over 25 days until November 17, 2023. Clinical examination were conducted on infected and co-habitting cattle from the LSD-affected farms with particular focus on the presence of nodules throughout the body such as head, neck, chest, femur, head, and perineum. As a results, abnormal clinical signs were observed in fifteen cows: loss of appetite in six cows, high fever in three cows, eye mucosal nodules in a cow, nasal mucosal nodules in six cows, nodules on perineum in five cows, scrotum nodules in two cows, papillary nodules in a cow, and/or skin nodules in eleven cows. By the PCR methods, the common gene of capripox virus and/or the specific gene of LSDV were detected in 35 of the 69 cows tested this study. In the Farm1, capripox virus-specific gene, LSDV wild strain-specific gene, and LSDV vaccine strain-spcific gene were simultaneously detected in affected cows, indicating the cattle farm was affected by various strain of LSDV. As a result of combining clincal examination and PCR test, it was found that clinically and subclinically infeted cows coexist in the LSDV-infected farms. These finding in this study will be a great help in diagnosis and prevention of the LSD in Korean cattle farms.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.107-112
• /
• 2020

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and avian influenza (AI) are highly pathogenic viral disease which affects the livestock industry worldwide. Outbreak of these viruses causes great impact in the livestock industry; thus, disease infected animals were immediately disposed. Burial is the commonly used disposal method for deceased animals. However, there is potential for secondary environmental contamination, as well as the risk that infectious agents persisting in the environment due to the limited environmental controls in livestock burial sites during the decomposition of the carcasses. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the detection of FMD and AI viruses from animal carcass disposal sites using real-time reverse transcription PCR. Soil samples of more than three years post-burial from livestock carcass disposal sites were collected and processed RNA isolation using a commercial extraction kit. The isolated RNA of the samples was used for the detection of FMDV and AIV using qRT-PCR. Based on the qPCR assay result, no viral particle was detected in the soil samples collected from the animal disposal sites. This indicates that 3 years of burial and their carcass disposal method is efficient for the control or at least reduction of spread infections in the surrounding environment.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.361-368
• /
• 2009

Porcine proliferative enteritis (PPE) is a transmissible gastroenteric disease caused by Lawsonia intracellularis. Clinically, PPE causes hemorrhagic diarrhea and sometimes death in growing pigs, but when the disease progresses to a chronic phase, the infected pig no longer displays significant symptoms. The purpose of the present studies were carried out to determine L. intracellularis in the pig farms and slaughter house, in Gyeongnam area. A survey of proliferative enteritis in pig was conducted using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing method, total 1,495 samples. PCR products showed a specific band at the 210bp, 329bp in the specimens of feces and mucosal scraping. Of 420 fecal specimens, 113 (26.9%) were identified as positive to PPE. Of 1,075 mucosal scraping specimens, 109 (10.1%) were identified as positive to PPE. Of total 1,495 specimens, 222 (14.8%) were identified as positive to PPE.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.247-257
• /
• 2020

Livestock epidemics, such as foot and mouth disease, are causing enormous economic losses due to their strong infectious power. Early detection of infectious diseases in livestock is very important, but it is difficult to diagnose early in individual farms, and there are frequent cases of transmission through inter-farm movement such as veterinarians and feeding vehicles. In this study, we studied the technology that enables rapid diagnosis without veterinarian farm visits and prevents further spread by automatically monitoring the body temperature of livestock using ubiquitous-based information and communication technology in the early stage of onset and sending it in real time. We have presented a technique for systematically managing livestock epidemics at the farm level, regional level, and national level by using the community mapping technique by using the remote medical treatment system linked to the automatically collected information. In this process, community mapping items for each step and stakeholders were derived for crowd sourcing based spatial information technology.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.113-132
• /
• 2005

With the demand for free-range products increasing and the pressure on the intensive poultry industry to improve poultry welfare especially in western countries, the number of free-range poultry farms has increased significantly. The USA, Australia and European countries have developed Codes of Practice for free-range poultry farming which detail the minimum standards of husbandry and welfare for birds. However, the performance and liveability of free-range birds needs to be improved and more knowledge is required on bird husbandry, feed supply, disease control and heat wave management. This review examines the husbandry, welfare, nutrition and disease issues associated with free-range poultry systems and discusses the potential of incorporating free-range poultry into a crop-pasture rotation system.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.19-29
• /
• 2011

Prevalence of major legal communicable diseases in chickens and ducks, which had occurred in Jeonbuk province from year 2004 to 2008. Total 283 farms 1,419,244 chickens and ducks have been affected by avian diseases. Specifically, fowl typhoid (FT) occurred in 92 farms 416,600 chickens, Marek's disease (MD) in 45 farms 145,563, duck virus hepatitis (DVH) in 31 farms 199,200, infectious bursal disease (IBD) in 27 farms 113,220, infectious bronchitis (IB) in 27 farms 280,300, low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) in 26 farms 78,495, avian mycoplasmosis in 16 farms 103,774, Newcastle disease (ND) occurred in 11 farms 61,052, avian encephalomyelitis (AE) in 7 farms 21,000, Pullorum disease (PD) occurred in 1 farm 40. According to total analysis about major legal communicable diseases, 1 species of first-class legal communicable diseases have occurred, 3 species of second-class and 6 species of third-class all adding up to 10 species. In the first-class diseases, Newcastle disease have occurred. Pullorum and fowl typhoid, duck virus hepatitis in the second-class have occurred and as third-class diseases, Marek's disease, Infectious bursal disease, Infectious bronchitis, avian mycoplasmosis, avian encephalomyelitis, low pathogenic avian influenza have occurred.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 2011

A total 5,946 cows from 24 dairy farms were carried out for the improvement of reproductive performance. Dairy cows in post-parturition 30 day were performed periodic reproductive examination to check for recovery of post-parturition ovary and uterus and for the early diagnosis of reproductive disease. The results obtained from this studies were as follow. The result of 1,126 cows with ovario-uterine disease were 579 slient heat and error of estrus detection (51.4%), 296 ovarian disease (26.3%), 248 uterine disease (22%), mummification and freematin were each 1 head (0.1%), respectively. Hormonal therapeutic effects were follicular cyst 81.5%, luteal cyst 90.7%, endometritis 86.9%, mucometra 90.1%, pyometra 60.9%, respectively. In cows, even if the 1st treatment fails, 2nd, 3rd treatment were performed. Therapeutic effect of 2nd, 3rd were reduced, but the number of cured cows were gradually increased. The cured cows after hormonal treatment were performed service repeatedly and the cumulative conception rate were increased. The cows treated with hormones at first service, the conception rate were follicular cyst 26%, luteal cyst 64.1%, endometritis 38.7%, mucometra 40%, pyometra 20.5%, respectively. The cumulative conception rates were increased by repeated service follicular cyst 57.3%, luteal cyst 84.6%, endometritis 67%, mucometra 75%, pyometra 64.1%, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.52 no.4
• /
• pp.285-288
• /
• 2012

Salmonella I 4,[5],12:i:- was a monophasic variant of Salmonella (S.) Typhimurium and notorious for re-emerging candidate which would replace S. Typhimurium DT104 for antibiotic resistance. Recently, isolation rate was increased on human and industrial animals but there was no case in domestic animals but human in Korea. This was first isolation case from domestic animals in Korea. The five isolates from feces of duck (n = 3), chicken (n = 1), and wild bird (n = 1) showed antibiotic resistance against cephems and aminoglycosides. These means that the spread of emerging bacterial pathogens to domestic animals and the need of systemic management for Salmonella I 4,[5],12:i:-.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.231-235
• /
• 1996

Bangladeshi indigenous chickens of mixed ages vaccinated twice at a three week interval with either conventional vaccines-$F_1$ (ocular) and M (mukteswar, Intramuscular), or heat resistant $V_4$ vaccine administered by either the ocular or oral routes, all showed satisfactory hemagglutination inhibition antibody (HI) responses and protection against Newcastle Disease (NCD) challenge persisting for four months. The antibody response to $F_1$ and M was higher than for $V_4$, which was similar whether administered by the ocular or oral routes. All vaccinated treatments have a significant level of protection compare to the control group (p<0.01). No significant difference (p>0.05) in the protection against controlled challenge with virulent NCD virus was found between vaccinated groups.