• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.142-155
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to construct and test a structural equation model for the risk factors of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. The structural equation model hypothesizes that eating alone and feeling depressed is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. The data of this study were obtained from the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey which was cross-sectional data from the representative national survey. A total of 4,013 subjects replied to the survey item of lifestyle and completed the physical examinations among adults aged 19 years or older in South Korea was in 2015. The structural model in this study was composed of four latent variables: eating alone, depression, negative health behavior, and metabolic syndrome. Two variables, the rate of eating alone and depression, were exogenous variables. Negative health behavior was both a mediating variable and endogenous variable, and metabolic syndrome was the final endogenous variable. The data were analyzed using the Maximum Likelihood method and bootstrapping. The structural model was appropriate for the data based on the model fit indices. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: Eating alone is a direct risk factor of metabolic syndrome in Korean women. Depression can mediate metabolic syndrome through negative health behaviors. Negative health behavior had a direct impact on metabolic syndrome in both men and women. This study may be a guideline for interventions and strategies to reduce the incidence of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.161-165
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to improve children's positive perceptions of the future by examining the relationship between parental attachment, parental involvement in learning, and children's perceptions of the future, and by identifying the specific influence of each variable on children's perceptions of the future. Frequency analysis and descriptive statistical analysis were performed on data from the 12th year of the Korean Children's Panel (2019), and Pearson's moment correlation coefficient was calculated for correlation analysis between variables. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the explanatory power of parental attachment to children's perception of the future and parental participation in learning. The research results are as follows. First, the correlations among all the latent variables of parental attachment, parental participation in learning, and children's future perception showed significant correlations. Second, the explanatory power of children's perception of the future was found in the order of 'mother' trust, 'family'-based participation, 'father' trust, and 'mother' communication. These results suggested that parental trust and warm, warm participation in home-based learning were important variables in children's positive perception of the future.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.18
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• pp.1-24
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• 2004

This paper is to inquiry into the conceptual model of religious education in school curriculum focused on 7th revised curriculum, subject matter and teacher training system. We have to consider the related variables for the operation of school curriculum: student, school, teacher. In school curricula of Korea, religious education can be practiced as a elective course of subject, discretion activity and special activity, latent curriculum etc. And also it should be considered student's right of option and autonomy of private school, because at least those are the important variables effect upon the religious education in school curriculum. Now I'd like to abstract results of this paper as followed. First, it should be considered student's right of option for religious education in private school curriculum. But at this case, also under the name of education it should be justified precondition of purpose, content, approach method. If not, it easy to access to pejorative meaning as a religious indoctrination. Second, in case of conflict between student and school, I think that a proper method is to adjust the related variables. Third, if the purpose of religious education in school based on religiosity, it can be cover the understanding of religious culture, affectionate domain of religiosity, behavioral religiosity. Finally, in order to accomplish such an conceptual model of religious education in school, it should be set a condition for teacher training system, subject matter etc.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1126-1126
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• 2001

The paper presented here is the initial part of a larger study, in which it was determined which quality parameters in cheese powder could already be predicted by NIR at an early stage in the process and which could only be predicted at the final stages of the process. This initial study was performed in order to establish the levels and nature of variation within and between batches such that the subsequent data collection could be tackled optimally. The perspectives evolved into more than was originally planned and revealed some interesting uses of NIR-technology. Cheese powder production starts as a batch process, where waste cheese from other dairies is melted down in a vat. The process then turns into a continual process as the vat is emptied and the melted cheese is then filtered, homogenized, pasteurized and finally spray dried. Between each batch the powder is to a greater or lesser degree a mixture of 2 batches. This paper is divided into 2 aspects, one regarding the optimization of sampling time and the other is a study of process dynamics. Optimizing sampling time This initial study included 9 powder samples from 9 different batches produced during one day. The raw materials for the batches were chosen with the aim of creating a relatively high level of variation in the data. The total of 81 samples were taken out at regular intervals and spectra were collected on a NIR-systems 6500 instrument. The subsequent reduction of the data by PCA to score values shows the power of NIR as a tool to determine not only when samples are representative of a certain batch, but also which batches are stable enough to include in a further study. Studying process dynamics To take this experiment a step further 1 of the 81 samples were sent to the laboratory for further analyses. The samples were chosen on the criteria that they covered the spectral variation in the dataset. These samples were analysed for 4 chemical components and 5 physical attributes, which are essential for describing the quality of the product. The latent structure of the 7 samples, using the chemical and physical variables, is totally comparable to the latent structure of the NIR spectra. This outcome makes it possible to describe the dynamics of one day's production both chemically and physically with relatively little resources. Additionally it raises the question as to whether reference values are needed, as the latent structure of the NIR-spectra appears to be sufficient in providing information on the quality of the product. To be able to use NIR in this way would require defining quality limits in the principal component space as opposed to each of the reference values. The potential of NIR applied in an explorative fashion with batch processes opens a whole new gateway for the use of this technology. This study explains yet again after so many years in the field “why I'm crazy about NIR!”.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.293-302
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• 2016

The study explores how academic strain, unhappiness, and mobile phone dependency among adolescents have changed over time. And we conducted the longitudinal and complex analysis on the influence of academic strain on unhappiness and mobile phone dependency in order to search the ways to prevent a vicious circle among them. We used general strain theory as a conceptual research frame and analysed the data of 1,589 respondents of the 2nd~4th Korean Children and Youth Panel with latent growth modeling. It was found that the levels of academic strain, unhappiness, and mobile phone dependency among adolescents were linearly increased across time. Academic strain initial status positively affected unhappiness initial status and both the initial status and change rate of mobile phone dependency. The change rate of unhappiness positively affected that of mobile phone dependency. Academic strain change rate positively influenced that of mobile phone dependency mediated by unhappiness change rate. We provided useful implications to academic activities, negative emotions, and mobile phone dependency for adolescents and suggested future studies about reasons of the changes of those variables.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.509-519
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• 2016

This study intends to examine how the subjective health perception of drinkers influences the depression trajectory change by using longitudinal data for elderly drinkers. This study has set up a balanced panel by combining the results from "Aging study panel research" conducted in the year 2006 (1st), 2008 (2nd), 2010 (3rd), 2012 (4th). A total of 543 elderly drinkers, who have responded to each research have been selected as targets for the final analysis. In the analyses, descriptive statistics and Latent Growth Modeling were conducted to examine the causal relationship between the observed and latent variables. The results are as follows: First, it was found that there was a negative correlation-with statistical significance-between the initial value of subjective health perception and the initial status of depression symptom. Second, there was a positive correlation between the initial value of subjective health perception and the changes of depression symptom. This indicates that elderly drinkers with high health perception usually have high degree of depression change; however, this does not mean it was statistically significant. Third, there was a statistically significant correlation between subjective health perception change and depression symptom change. It was found that the depression change level would be low if the subjective health perception change level was high. Thus, we can assume that the depression symptoms of elderly drinker c would slow down if the subjective health perception level increases.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.377-406
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• 2009

This study used laten class growth analysis to identify discrete developmental patterns of delinquent behaviors in adolescence. This present article also examined associations among these trajectories to determine how the development of delinquent behaviors relates to protective and risk factors, which include parental monitoring, attachment with parent, association with deviant peers, self-control, and negative stigma from others. Four-wave panel data from a Korea Youth Panel Study were used for the latent class growth model analysis. The sample consisted of 3,446 adolescents who were assessed at 4 measurement waves with approximately 1-year interval. Four trajectories of delinquent behaviors emerged: delinquency persistence, delinquency increaser, delinquency decreaser, normative group(almost no delinquent behaviors). Association with deviant peers had the most proximal strong influence on the probability of being in the delinquency increaser and delinquency persistence group compared, noed to the normative group. Parental monitoring, self-efficacy and negative stigma also differentiated the four delinquent behavior trajectories from one another after controllig for socio-demographic variables. The study suggested that there is a significant heterogeneity in the timing and change rate of delinquency progression. Adolescent delinquency prevention and intervention programs will need to consider this heterogeneity and enhance attention to protective and risk factors depending on the subpopulation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.289-297
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• 2019

Objectives: To identify the positive rate of and the risk factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI) in mine workers, the objectives of the present study evaluated those among former mine workers. Methods: Between January 2015 and May 2017, former male mine workers who had been subjects for epidemiology research for work-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and had received QuantiFERON-$TB^{(R)}$ Gold In-Tube(QFT-GIT) from the Institute of Occupation and Environment(IOE) under Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service(KCOMWEL) were selected as the study subjects. To identify significant variables for increased risk of LTBI, logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: A total of 736 male former mine workers were selected as study subjects. The positive rate of LTBI among subjects was 69.2%(509/736). The current smoking[odds ratio(OR), 2.3; 95% confidence interval(CI), 1.1-4.9], COPD(OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 0.9-2.3), department loading(OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 0.9-3.4) and mining(OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 0.9-2.5), and working duration of over 20(OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.9-3.1) and over 30 years(OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 0.9-4.9) were associated with increased risk of LTBI. The interferon-gamma(IFN-${\gamma}$) level after stimulation with Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)-specific antigens showed a significantly negative correlation with age(r=-0.126). Conclusions: The present study determined that the high positive rate of LTBI among mine workers was associated with not only the host factors but also the occupational exposure to mine dust.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.613-629
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• 2022

This study explored the heterogeneous latent group on the influence of the learner's perceived math teaching method(instructor-centered, learner-centered) on math self-efficacy. In order to profile the characteristics of the detected latent group, the distribution of variables was confirmed, and multi-group analysis was conducted by SEM. According to the analysis results, two latent groups were detected, and the instructor-type group and the learner-type group were named. As a result of post-hoc analysis, the perception of instructor-centered classes and learner-centered classes, and the perception of math teaching ability were similar between the instructor-type and the learner-type group. But the instructor-type group had higher math self-efficacy, math interest, and math class engagement than the learner-type group. Also, in the instructor-type group, the effect of perception of math teaching ability on math self-efficacy and math class engagement was greater than that of the learner-type group. Whereas, in the learner-type group, the effect of math interest on math self-efficacy and math class engagement was greater than that of the instructor-type group. This study presented a new research method on the influence of math teaching methods on learners by applying the REBUS-PLS method.

• 한국노년학
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.33-49
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• 2020

This study was conducted to examine the latent classes in social exclusion and to analyse empirically the effects on the economic instability of old age by this type. And it also sought to look at whether the influence of old age anxiety varies with the subjective class consciousness of the elderly. Using the 14th data from the Korea General Social Survey (KGSS) in 2016, 1,041 adult males and females aged 18 years old were analyzed at the time of the survey. T-test, potential layer analysis (LCA), and multinomantic analysis of potential groups were conducted using the STATA14 and MPLUS 7 statistical programs. Finally, multi-regression analysis was performed to identify the moderate effect and effects among variables. According to the research, the types of social exclusion were three groups, followed by social exclusion group (49.3%), Multi-dimensional exclusion group (30.9%), and active social participation group (19.7%). The social exclusion group has the lowest possibility of economic, employment, and health exclusion, but the exclusion of formal and informal social activities seem to prominent, and the multi-dimensional exclusion group is more than 50% likely to experience exclusion in all areas. Active social participation are characterized by very active participation in informal social activities. By conducting multinominal logistic regression, it was observed that the social exclusion group included more young people than other groups, and that the multi-dimensional exclusion group included many elderly women without spouses. Finally, multiple regression analysis showed that social exclusion type interacts with subjective class consciousness and affects economic anxiety of old age.