• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.490-494
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• 1997

A variety of microbial strains isolated from soil were tested for their ability to produce D-tagatose from D-galactose. An organism that can convert D-galactose into D-tagatose was selected and was identified as Enterobacter agglomerans. The cells grown on the induction medium containing 20 g/l arabinose were found to the best conversion potential among different carbohydrates and the conversion yield was about 15% when 20 gll galactose was used. The isolated crystals were obtained from the culture broth after the purification process such as treatment of ion resins, crystallization, and drying. The recovery yield was 70% after the purification. The crystals were identified as D-tagatose by the infrared spectroscopy, HPLC, specific optical rotation, and melting point.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2017

To elucidate new biological ingredients in cold-brew coffee extracted with cold water, crude polysaccharide (CCP-0) was isolated by ethanol precipitation, and its immune-stimulating activities were assayed. CCP-0 mainly comprised galactose (53.6%), mannose (15.7%), arabinose (11.9%), and uronic acid (12.4%), suggesting that it might exist as a mixture of galactomannan and arabinogalactan. CCP-0 significantly increased cell proliferation on both murine peritoneal macrophages and splenocytes in a dose dependent manner. CCP-0 also significantly augmented nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species production by murine peritoneal macrophages. In addition, macrophages stimulated by CCP-0 enhanced production of various cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-12. In an in vitro assay for intestinal immune-modulating activity, CCP-0 showed higher bone-marrow cell-proliferation activity through Peyer's patch cells at $100{\mu}g/mL$ than the negative control. These results suggest that CCP-0 may potentially enhance macrophage functions and the intestinal immune system.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.109-115
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• 1996

국내 감자 연작 재배지에서 수집하여 분리동정한 더뎅이병원균인 Streptomyces scabies의 배양적, 형태적, 생리적 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 이병감자에서 분리된 균들은 병원성 균주와 비병원성 균주들로 구분되었고, 이들 간에는 뚜렷한 차이를 보였는데, 전형적인 병징을 나타내는 병원성균주는 비병원성균주와는 달리, 나선형의 포자사슬, 회색 포자, 멜라닌 색소를 생성하고 D-glucose, L-arabinose, D-fructose, D0mannitol, raffinose, rhamnose, sucrose, i-inositol, D-xylose 등의 탄소원을 이용하였으며, 또한 7% NaCl 및 streptomycin sulfate, crystal violet, olean domycin(10$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml)등의 항생물질에 감수성을 나타내었다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권3호통권134호
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• pp.246-249
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• 2003

The major polysaccharide, named EAP, was purified from the aerial parts of Eclipta alba by Sepharose CL-2B ion exchange chromatography and recycling HPLC. The molecular weight of EAP was estimated to be 20911.9 D by MALDI-TOF MS. In addition, the sugar composition was determined to be arabinose (23.6%), mannose (24.8%), galactose (12.3%), and glucose (41.3%), respectively, by GC analysis. The EAP decreased the blood sugar level, which was induced by alloxan in rats, dose dependently.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

A novel brown rot fungus Phaeolus schweinitzii IUM 5048 was firstly used for ethanol production. It was found that this fungus produced ethanol with various sugars, such as glucose, mannose, galactose and cellobiose at 0.28, 0.22, 0.06, and 0.22 g of ethanol per g of sugar consumed, respectively. This fungus showed relatively good ethanol production from xylose at 0.23 g of ethanol per g of sugar consumed. However, the ethanol conversion rate of arabinose was relatively low (at 0.08 g of ethanol per g sugar). P. schweinitzii was capable of producing ethanol directly from rice straw and corn stalks at 0.11 g and 0.13 g of ethanol per g of substrates, respectively, when the fungus was cultured in a basal medium supplemented with 20 g/L rice straw or corn stalks. These results suggest that P. schweinitzii can hydrolyze cellulose or hemicellulose to fermentable sugars and convert them to ethanol simultaneously under oxygen limited condition.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.414-419
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• 2006

When the alginate lyase gene (aly) from Pseudoalteromonas elyakovii was expressed in E. coli, most of the gene product was organized as aggregated insoluble particles known as inclusion bodies. To examine the effects of chaperones on soluble and nonaggregated form of alginate lyase in E. coli, we constructed plasm ids designed to permit the coexpression of aly and the DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE or GroEL/ES chaperones. The results indicate that coexpression of aly with the DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE chaperone together had a marked effect on the yield alginate lyase as a soluble and active form of the enzyme. It is speculated this result occurs through facilitation of the correct folding of the protein. The optimal concentration of L-arabinose required for the induction of the DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE chaperone was found to be 0.05mg/mL. An analysis of the protein bands on SDS-PAGE gel indicated that at least 37% of total alginate lyase was produced in the soluble fraction when the DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE chaperone was coexpressed.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.446-453
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• 1995

$\alpha $-Arabinofuranosidase was produced by E. coli HB101 haboring the recombinant plasmid pKMG11 which contained the arfI gene of Bacillus stearothermophilus. The maximum production of the enzyme was observed when E. coli HB101 cells were grown at 37$\circ$C for 20 hours in the medium containing 0.5% arabinose, 1.0% tryptone, 0.5% yeast extract, and 1% NaCl. The $\ALPHA $-arabinofuranosidase produced was purified to homogeneity using a combination of 20-50% ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B ion exchange column chromatography and Sepharose 6B-100 gel filtration. The purified enzyme was most active at 55$\circ$C and pH 6.5. The K$_{m}$ and V$_{max}$ values of the enzyme on $\rho $-nitrophenyl-$\alpha $-arabinofuranoside was determined to be 2.99 mM and 0.43 $\mu $mole/min (319.74 $\mu $mole/min/mg), respectively. The pI value was 4.5. The molecular weight of the native protein was estimated to be 289 kDa. The SDS-polyacrylamide gel clectrophoresis analysis suggested that the functional protein was a trimer of the 108 kDa identical subunits. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the a-arabinofuranosidase was identified as X-Ser-Thr-Ala-Pro-Arg( \ulcorner )-Ala-Thr-Met-Val-Ile-Asp-X-Ala-Phe.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.928-934
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• 2007

Physiochemical properties, such as yield and molecular weight distribution of polysaccharide fractions, of polysaccharides in the enzymatic hydrolysates of purslane were investigated and characterized. A higher amount of micro nutrients, such as potassium (9,413 mg/100 g), phosphorus acid (539 mg/100 g), leucine, alanine, lysine, valine, glycine, and isoleucine, was present in whole purslane. The yield of water soluble polysaccharides (WSP) was 0.29, 7.01, and 7.94% when extracted using room temperature water (RTW), hot-water (HW), and hot temperature/high pressure-water (HTPW), respectively, indicating that HW or HTPW extraction may be effective to obtain WSP from purslane. The average ratio of L-arabinose:D-galactose in the WSP was 37:49, 34:37, and 27:29, when extracted using RTW, HW, and HTPW, respectively. These results indicate that water was a suitable extraction solvent for preparation of the arabinogalactan component of whole purslane. A higher yield and total carbohydrate content was obtained by using Viscozyme L instead of Pectinex 5XL during extraction of the WSP, which indicates that enzymatic treatment of purslane may be an effective method to control the Mw of polysaccharides. Finally, it was confirmed that Viscozyme L is a suitable enzyme for the hydrolysis and separation of polysaccharides obtained from purslane.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.1352-1359
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• 2018

Lactobacillus plantarum is a lactic acid bacterium that promotes animal intestinal health as a probiotic and is found in a wide variety of habitats. Here, we investigated the genomic features of different clusters of L. plantarum strains via pan-genomic analysis. We compared the genomes of 108 L. plantarum strains that were available from the NCBI GenBank database. These genomes were 2.9-3.7 Mbp in size and 44-45% in G+C content. A total of 8,847 orthologs were collected, and 1,709 genes were identified to be shared as core genes by all the strains analyzed. On the basis of SNPs from the core genes, 108 strains were clustered into five major groups (G1-G5) that are different from previous reports and are not clearly associated with habitats. Analysis of group-specific enriched or depleted genes revealed that G1 and G2 were rich in genes for carbohydrate utilization (${\text\tiny{L}}-arabinose$, ${\text\tiny{L}}-rhamnose$, and fructooligosaccharides) and that G3, G4, and G5 possessed more genes for the restriction-modification system and MazEF toxin-antitoxin. These results indicate that there are critical differences in gene content and survival strategies among genetically clustered L. plantarum strains, regardless of habitats.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.300-309
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• 2021

한약재로 사용되는 더덕과 도라지에 표고의 유용성분을 함유한 소재를 개발하고자 더덕표고균사발효물(FCLM)과 더덕도라지균사발효물(FPLM)을 제조하였다. 두 가지 발효물의 일반성분, 유리당, 유기산, 𝛽-glucan, ergothioneine, ergosterol, vitamin D₂ 함량 및 3T3-L1 지방전구세포의 분화에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 일반성분 분석결과, FCLM에서 조섬유와 조지방함량이 FPLM에 비하여 높게 나타났으며, FPLM은 조단백질과 가용성무질소물의 함량이 FCLM에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 유리당은 FCLM과 FPLM 모두 arabinose, glucose, sucrose 3종이 검출되었으며, 총 유리당 함량은 FPLM에서 높게 나타났다. 유기산 함량은 발효 전 더덕과 도라지에 비하여 발효 후 FCLM과 FPLM에서 낮게 나타났다. 𝛽-Glucan 함량은 FCLM과 FPLM 두 발효물에서 대조구로 사용한 표고보다 높은 함량을 보였다. 항산화 물질로 알려진 ergothioneine의 함량은 FCLM이 FPLM보다 높게 나타났다. Ergosterol 함량은 대조구로 사용한 표고에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, 발효물들은 비슷한 함량을 나타내었다. Vitamin D₂는 발효물들에서만 검출되었으며, FPLM (0.58±0.01 mg%)가 FCLM (0.47±0.01 mg%)보다 높은 함량을 보였다. 더덕과 도라지 표고균사발효물인 FCLM과 FPLM는 3T3-L1 지방전구세포에 대하여 발효 전 더덕과 도라지에 비하여 높은 수준의 세포 생존율을 나타내었다. 또한 FCLM과 FPLM은 3T3-L1 지방전구세포 분화를 발효 전 더덕과 도라지에 비하여 높은 수준으로 억제하여, 비만 억제 효과가 있는 것으로 기대된다.