• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.289-300
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• 1997

생후 2주일 되는 강아지의 위에서 카이모신을 추출하고 이온교환 크로마토그래피로 정제하였다. 카이모신 아미노산 서열의 반은 아미노산 서열 분석법으로, 또 프로카이모신의 전아미노산 서열은 프로카이모신 cDNA의 염기서열로부터 결정하였다. 강아지 프로카이모신의 아미노산 서열은 송아지와는 79%, 돼지 펩신노진 A와는 54%의 상동성을 보였다. 프로펩티드의 크기와 활성효소의 N-말단 아미노산 잔기의 위치는 다른 프로카이모신과 같았다. 강아지 카이모신의 pH 3.2에서 단백질 분해활성의 최대 값은 돼지 펩신의 pH 2에서 값의 3-4% 밖에 되지 않았으나, 웅유활성은 송아지보다 훨씬 높았다. 강아지의 위 추출물에 대한 pH 5.2에서의 한천 젤 전기이동으로 프로카이모신과 카이모신에는 두 가지의 현저한 유전적 변이형이 존재함을 확인하였다. 두 변이형은 아미노산 조성, N-말단 서열, 그리고 효소성질에서 차이가 없었다. 송아지와 강아지 카이모신의 기질결합에 관여하는 아미노산 잔기는 다음과 같이 서로 달랐다(돼지 펩신의 서열번호로 표시함) : Ser12 Thr (S$_4$), Leu30 Val (S$_1$/S$_3$), His 74 Gln (S'$_2$), Val111 Ile (S$_1$/S$_3$), Lys220 Met (S$_4$). 강아지 카이모신의 단백질 분해활성이 낮은 것은 송아지의 Asp 303이 강아지에서는 Val303으로 바뀐 때문이라고 생각된다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.107-124
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• 1998

Based on King's goal attainment theory, this research deals with applying nursing intervention of mutual goal settings to gastrectomy patients. It tests the effects of nursing intervention, according to the patients' health locus of control, suggested as external boundary criteria for the theory by employing a quasi-experimental design which consists of a pretest-posttest non-equivalent control and experimental groups. The subjects of this research were 62 gastrectomy patients hospitalized at Y medical center and the experimental and control groups consisted of 31 subjects. The experimental group received nursing intervention at the mutual goal setting of 5 times from the day before the surgery to the 5th day after the surgery, while the control group received only routine nursing care. Recovery indicators of both groups were measured and compared. Measurement variables included patients' characteristics, health locus of control, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, peak expiratory flow, bowel movement recovery, mobility recovery, level of pain, patients' stress and patients' satisfaction. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical package and the hypotheses were tested by ANOVA and ANCOVA. Results of the analyses are summarized as follows : 1) Internal health locus of control had higher effects of the nursing intervention of mutual goal setting than external health locus of control on pulmonary ventilatory functions of forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, and peak expiratory flow. 2) There was no statistically significant difference in the effects of nursing intervention of mutual goal setting on the bowel movement recovery between the internal and external health locus of control. 3) There was no statistically significant difference in the effects of nursing intervention of mutual goal setting on the mobility recovery between the internal and external health locus of control. 4) There was no statistically significant difference in the effects of nursing intervention of mutual goal setting on the level of pain between the internal and external health locus of control. 5) There was no statistically significant difference in the effects of nursing intervention of mutual goal setting on the level of stress between the internal and external health locus of control. 6) There was a statistically significant difference in the effects of nursing intervention of mutual goal setting on the level of satisfaction with provision of nursing information between the internal and external health locus of control, and there was no statistically significant difference in the effects of nursing intervention of mutual goal setting on the level of satisfaction with outcome of nursing between the internal and external locus of control. On the basis of the research results, the following are recommended : 1) Repeated research on responses to health locus of control is necessary. 2) Not only the effectiveness of nursing intervention in acute recovery periods, but also the long term effects are to be investigated. 3) The development of instruments is needed to accurately measure mutual goal setting regarding postoperative deep breath, coughing, early ambulation, etc. so that the relationship among the postoperative recovery indicators may be explored. 4) It is required that an instrument be developed to measure perception which facilitates goal attainment in the interactive setting between patients and nurses.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.138-153
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• 1996

Intending to offer basic information for a prospective health services in Korea, this study is to investigate the complication caused by sterilization in goverment family planning program from 1962 to 1995. The results are as follows: 1. Total number of sterilization performed during the period from 1962 to 1995 were 1.367,772 cases of male sterilization and 2,889,635 cases of female sterilization. 2. Incidence of the complication caused by sterilization operation from 1980 to 1995 were 1,883(0.20%) out of 925,801 cases in vasectomies and 15,866(0.70%) out of 2,256,020 cases in tubal sterilizations. 3. Major complications in vasectomy were epididymities of 658 cases (34.9%), vas recanalization of 326 cases(17.3%), hematoma of 266 cases(14.1%), scrotal abscess of 184 cases(9.8%), sperm granuloma of 76 cases(4.0%),and other of 373 cases(19.8%). On the other hand, in tubal sterilization, ectopic pregnancy was the most significant complication of 15,078 cases (95.0%) among 15,866 total complications, followed by pelvic inflammatory diseases of 155 cases(0.9%), peritonities of 96 cases(0.6%), ovarian & tubal bleeding of 31 cases(0.2%), intestinal perforation of 16 cases (0.1%), uterine bleeding of 14 cases(0.1%), uterine cervix laceration of 1 case (0.1%), and other of 271 cases(1.7%), while 161 pregnancies(0.1%) were terminated and 43 cases(0.3%) with normal delivery. 4. The occurrence rate of the complication for each period showed that most of the complication cases by vasectomy occurred in a year after the operation -the cases were 1,256 (66.7%). 254 cases(13.5%) occurred between the next year and the 2nd year, 138 cases (7.3%) between the 2nd year and the 3rd year, 73 cases(3.9%) between the 3rd year and the 4th year, 52 cases(2.8%) between the 4th year and the 5th year, 31 cases(1.6%) between the 5th year and the 6th year, 79 cases(4.2%) over the 6th year. Tubal sterilization indicated that the occurred complication cases in a year were 2,175 cases(13.7%), 2,113 cases(13.3%) occurred between the next year and the 2nd year, 2,082 cases(13.1%) between the 2nd year and the 3rd year, 2,049 cases (12. 9%) between the 3rd year and the 4th year, 1,819 cases(11.5%) between the 4th year and the 5th year, 621 cases(10.2%) between the 5th year and the 6th year, 4,007 cases(25.3%) over the 6th year. 5. For the cost of complication treatment, total \7,928,229,000 were paid as medical expenditure in which \609,438,000 for vasectomy and \7,318,791,000 for tubal sterilization. Accordingly per capita expenses were \345,000 for vasectomy and \467,000 for tubal sterilization. As the proportion of government sterilization program was decreased after 1988, that of private sterilization program would be increased. So it is recommended to set a guideline for the private sterilization program and to continue government sterilization program for the lower class.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.5-16
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• 1990

'What is nursing' this question could always be arised and such a question could bring forth the new possibility to definete the nursing concept more clearly. At the middle of 19th Centry, Mrs. Nightingale defined the concept of nursing as follows; 'Nursing is a kind of treatment act to aid the patient so that the health of patients may be recovered naturally, as keeping the most comfortable circumstances.' But after then, the role and function of nurses about purpose and method of nursing has continuously been studied, as the social circumstance has been changed. The fact that care provider and client have the same concept about nursing is very important at the first step of assessment. But at the present time, the care provider and client have not same concept yet, so the difference of unrsing concept between care provider and client is analyzed in this study. This study would be belived to be helpful for the advance of nursing in the future. In this study, 20 questionare from nursing objectives developed by Abdellah(basic care needs, sustenal care needs, remedial care needs and restorative care needs) are used for adult. The data of this study by the 6 point rating scale are analyzed by SAS as follows; 1. Respondent's view is that nursing is necessary in case of group(school or company) rather than private and in case of abnormal conditions rather than normal conditions. 2. Every questionares of nursing objectives are divided into 4 points of view such as basic care needs, sustenal care needs, remedial care needs and restorative care needs are examined. The evaluation by 6 point rating scale revealed that $5.08\pm0.65$ point in basic care needs $4.93\pm0.68$ point in sustenal care needs $4.91\pm0.80$ point in remedial care needs and $4.61\pm0.91$ point in restorative care needs. While basic care needs and substenal care needs that need more physical care show high points, remedial care needs and restorative care needs that need more psychological, social and spiritual care show low points. 3. It was checked whether there is any significant difference between above 4 point of views in nursing objectives and qeneral characteristics or not. As a result, there is significant difference between 4 point of view and ages, educational level, marriage, composition of children. And also there is significant difference between religion and basic care needs, remedial care needs and restorative care needs. But there is no significant difference between any point of view and sex, occupation, experience of admission and experience of family admission. As this study is based on the data gethered from a restricted area, the result can not represent the opinion of all the clients. Therefore the same kind of study should be carried out on many areas repeatedly and also it should be tried to extract objective concept. And also periodical study is needed to observe the changing process of nursing concept.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.73-93
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• 1990

The study objected to the 120 persons out of 360 persons who have registered under the association of the dental technicians in Pusan to grasp contents about improvement of life long education of the present day of November, 1987, and its results, which we have acquired by this study were as follows : 1. A sense of satisfaction toward the system of life long education appeared as unsatisfaction and its unsatisfaction decreased from the rate of member's attendance or exam. marks, the contents of education, and place of education. 2. The problem of the exam. mark which derived by the presence by the substitute appeared which 46.7 percent(56 persons), lack of opportunity for the recompletion at branch association appeared which 19.2%(23 persons), given 4. exam. marks at the over all scientific contest was appeared 14.2 percent(17 persons), relation which legal treatment when ones didn't completed exam. mark was appeared 10.8 percent(13 persons) and lastly, appeared 8.3 percent (10 persons) with time of delivery of the exam mark card. 3. The frequency of the opening for the life long education which related with the rate of members attendance was fixed as nowadays two times per annually, but they perferred the opening per academic blanch once out of the firest half year and the latter half of the year and, they liked the openings at the first week or second week and preferred the holding on saturdays and sundays. 4. The subject of the life long education have appeared the opinion that the thesis was lop-sided toward the allocation of time schedule of lecture appeared the opinion of which they perferred the rate of an hour of cultural subject and two hours of major studies, and invitation for an instructor they preferred one dentist, one member, one dean for the cultural subject, and there are lots of opinions which they wished display of materials. 5. A sence of satisfaction about the place they perferred was decreased such as ; an auditorium concerned of the colleges was 46.7 Percent(56 Persons), hotels 26.7 Percent(32 Persons), an auditorium of the general hospital 20 percent(24 persons) 6. And lastly, there are lots of opinions who have required the necessities to constitute for the academic branch.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.27-37
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• 1996

본 연구는 대구시내에 거주하는 일반인으로서 치과병원을 내원한 진료환자중 215명을 대상으로 구강관리 지식정도와 치과보존, 보철에 대한 인식정도를 파악하여, 구강보건 정책과 국민구강보건 교육계획에 도움을 줄 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 설문지를 통해서 조사하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 치과 보철물의 관리에 대한 지식에서는 유의성이 차는 없었지만 치료지시도에서는 치주병을 예방할 수 있다가 71.6%로 유의하게 높았다(P<0.01). 그러므로 예방의 중요성에 대해서는 잘 알 고 있었다. 2. 치아교정에 대한 인식에서는 심미적인 이유로 교정치료를 하는 것으로 나타났으며 (47.9%) 통계상의 유의성은 없었지만 교정의 시기와 기간에 대해서는 비교적 높은 지식을 나타냈다.(P<0.01) 3. 치과보철의 필요성에 대한 인식은 비교적 높게 나타났는데 필요하다가 72.2%로 유의성은 없었다. 치과보철 재료의 선호는 도재(45.6%)와 금(43.7%)으로 비슷한 차이를 보여 예전의 금에 대한 인식이 현대에 와서는 자연치아의 색조와 유사한 도재치아를 선호하는 경향을 볼 수 있었다. 본 연구결과로 일반인들의 구강보건에 대한 지식과 실천이 구강건강에 상당히 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 볼 때 치아관리 지식과 보존, 보철에 대한 구강보건 교육은 계속적인 등기여부를 시키는 것이 치과계의 중요한 당면과제라고 생각된다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.277-296
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• 2014

Purpose: This study intends to set standard for organizing the curriculum of short-term dental technicians and the change of job environment, as well as the knowledge & training, by identifying the importance and actual job performance of dental technicians following job analysis in the university education of Dept. of Dental Laboratory Technology, and furthermore to foster junior executives to cope with modernization and globalization. Methods: The tools used in this study are based on the job analysis of research report suggested by National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board(Lee Gyu-seon, 2011), and it consists of general characteristic 7 items. Every competence duty was measured through Likert 5 point gauging, and internal consistency through Cronbach's Alpha. The competence importance of entire questionnaire was .984 and its performance was .874, reflecting considerably high level, and in terms of each competence duty, high credibility was proved and high internal consistency was verified with competence importance ranging from the minimum .655 to the maximum .966 and its performance ranging from the minimum .677 to the maximum .993. Results: Competence importance and its performance in each duty on the job analysis of dental technicians were measured. In competence importance in each duty, the highest was "checking design order form"(average, 4.52), followed by "selling dental prosthesis"(average 4.49), "making removable orthodontic appliance"(average, 4.48), "open managing dental laboratory"(average, 4.46) in order. However, "making complete denture" was found the lowest(average, 4.23), with importance of all competence dutys was considerably high level. In the performance of its competence duty, "checking design order form"(average, 4.04) was found to be the most importance competence, followed by "making conservative restoration"(average, 4.00), "making porcelain"(average 3.98), "checking working cast"(average, 3.90) in order. However it was found out that "making fixed orthodontic appliance"(average, 3.12) was the lowest, and the importance of all competence dutys was quite high level. Conclusion: The duties of dental technicians consist of 13 kinds, in total, and it was found out that "checking design order form"(average, 4.52) was the most important in the competence importance and job performance. In particular, it was revealed that there was a great difference between the competence importance and its performance in the order of "selling dental prosthesis", "open managing dental laboratory", "making removable orthodontic appliance", "making CAD/CAM prosthesis", and then "making fixed orthodontic appliance".

• 한국전자파학회지:전자파기술
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.3-17
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• 1994

m-분포 페이딩과 임펄스 잡음이 함께 존재하는 환경에서 다이버시티 수신기법으로 수신했을 때의 QPSK 및 Q QDPSK 신호의 오율식을 유도한 후 이를 수치계산하여 신호의 오율성능을 분석하였고 가우스 잡음 환경일 때 의 성능과 비교하였다. 그 결과 임펄스 잡음이 강할수록 오융성능은 열화되며 QDPSK 신호일 때의 열화정도가 QPSK 신호일 때 보 다더 심함을알수있었다. 또한 다이버시티 수신기볍을 이용하면 가우스 잡음과 페이딩이 함께 존재하는 환경에서 뿐만 아니라 임펼스 잡음과 페이딩이 함께 존재하는 환경에서도 오율성능을 개선시킬 수 있고 다이버시티 기법을 이용하므로서 얻을 수 있는 개선은 CNR면에서 약 1여B -l&1B가 된다는 것도 얄 수 있었으며 다이버시티 기볍 중에서는 최대 비 합성 다이버시티 기법이 가장우수함도 확인하였다. 임펄스 잡음과 Rayleigh 페이딩이 함께 존재하는 환경에서 다이버시티 수신 기법과 부호화 기볍을 함께 이용 할 경우에는 다이버시티 수신 기법만을 이용할 때 보다 오율생능이 CNR변에서 약 12dB -l&1B만큼 개선됨을 알 수 있었으며 BCH 부호화를 이용할 때 보다 RS 부호화를 이용할 때가 CNR면에서 약 2dB정도 개선된다는 것도 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 1992

탈지된 산쑥(Artemisia montana Pampan)으로부터 물 추출물 및 에테르 추출물인 유리형 페놀산, 에스터형 및 불용성 페놀산을 추출하였다. 각 추출물들은 시판용 식용 대두유를 기질로 하여 $45^{\circ}C{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, 빛이 없는 항온기에서 32일간 저장하였으며, 매 4일 간격으로 과산화물가와 TBA치를 측정하였다. 물 추출물을 첨가한 시험구에서 항산화 효력이 모두 대조구보다 높게 나타나 BHA와 유사한 효력을 보였으나 BHT보다는 모두 항산화 효과가 낮게 나타났다. 에테르 추출물인 유리형, 에스터형 및 불용성 페놀산을 첨가한 시험구에서는 대조구보다 항산화 효력이 높았으며 유리형은 항산화 효력이 BHA와 유사했고 에스터형은 BHA보다 높고 BHT보다 낮게 나타난 반면 불용성 페놀산은 BHT보다 항산화 효력이 높게 나타남을 보여 주었다. 그리고 세가지 페놀산 추출물 중에서는 불용성 페놀산이 가장 강한 항산화 효과를 나타내었고 에스터형, 유리형 순이었다. Gas chromatography 로 부터 분리 동정된 페놀산은 catechol, vanillin, umbellinferone, protocatechuic acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid였다. 이상의 결과들을 종합해 볼때 약용으로 사용하고 있는 산쑥은 caffeic acid, catechol, protocatechuic acid등의 항산화 효력이 강한 성분이 많이 함유되어 있으므로 식용대두유 기질에서 좋은 항산화 효력를 나타낸다고 생각된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.91-96
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• 1992

천연식품보존료 개발 목적의 일환으로 항균효력이 있을 것으로 추정되는 한약재 중에서 목단피, 황백, 연교, 오미자, 자초, 길경 등 20종을 대상으로 물과 95% 에탄올로 항균성물질을 추출하여 각종 미생물에 대한 항균력을 검토하였다. 물 추출물의 경우, 모든 세균에 대하여 증식억제 효과가 나타난 것은 치자, 구기자, 오미자 등의 3종이었으며, 그중에서 오미자가 증식 억제력이 제일 강하였다. 에탄올 추출물의 경우, 대부분의 세균에 대하여 증식억제 효과가 나타난 것은 치자, 오미자, 자초 등의 3종이었으며, 목단피, 황백, 금은화 등의 3종은 그람양성균에만 효과가 나타났는데, 특히 황백의 경우, S. aureus에 대하여는 0.01%의 첨가로 균의 증식이 억제되었다. 한편 이들 한약재들의 물 추출물은 진균류에 대해서는 증식억제 효과가 좋지 않았으나, 에탄올 추출물의 경우, 목단피, 황백, 치자, 자초 등의 4종이 증식억제 효과가 우수하였고, 그중 황백이 균증식 억제력이 제일 강하였다. 전 시료를 통하여 에탄올 추출물이 물 추출물 보다 $2{\sim}100$배나 항균력이 높았으며, 특히 자초의 에탄올 추출물은 맛과 향 등의 관능검사결과 이미 이취가 적을 뿐만 아니라 항균력도 우수하여 천연식품 보존료로서 이용 가능성이 높았다.