• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.44
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• pp.165-195
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• 2016

This paper is compare to the enjoyment of way on Si-jo and Ga-sa in Lyric poetry. Si-jo and Ga-sa were created in Joseon Dynasty. Si-jo and Ga-sa is the Lyric poetry in traditional genre, representing Korea. These forms include the lyric genre but have a difference between the fixed verse and the long-poem in Joseon Dynasty. However, the two genres are the two genres had opened the possibility of communication from the very beginning in terms of gentry layer is the main writers. Joseon Dynasty those who enjoy the fixed verse and the long-poem, the literature of singing songs and reciting literature, in terms of the principle of metaphor and metonymy rhetoric will reflect the era of awareness and enjoyment of contemporary perception of reality characters. It can be said that performing Si-jo and Ga-sa of enjoyment fashion and work to compare with realistic about the versification principles but check ahead a lot of data, and add to the task of finding a logic that can explain clearly remain. This paper will have to complement the many points made in an attempt to unravel the complex issues in an integrated and comprehensive on-pronged approach and enjoyment of the fixed verse and long-poem Si-jo and Ga-sa and similar expressions are writing and testing the various parties of the enjoyment of culture in today's era of change in the 21st century can be the compass to navigate a new world culture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.11-25
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• 2008

In broad agreement on the need for forests in the city, researches on the urban forest are being actively carried out. Nonetheless, since these researches focus on functional usage within living spaces, finding methods for creation of urban forests and technical solutions have remained chief issues as a consequence. This paper, which attempts to historically examine the properties of the urban forest within living space, has the characteristics of researching basic angles for approaching the creation of contemporary urban forests. For this purpose Joseon Dynasty genre paintings, which represent living conditions of Joseon era, have been decided as theme of the paper. Particularly the focus was limited to genre paintings depicting trees, giving phenomenal observations. As a result, some remarkable characteristics emerged as functional urban forest, symbolic urban forest, topological urban forest, and appreciative urban forest. Urban forest within living space mainly appear as functional, showing an even distribution in small numbers rather than gathering in large groups. The following can be inferred regarding this and related to the setting up of the scope of, and creating of, contemporary urban forest : First, from the viewpoint of urban forest creation there is a need to study more subdivided and refined types of the urban forest and to actually realize these types. Second, from the viewpoint of urban forest usage, one needs to approach existing forests, ranging from small-scale including invididual trees, to mid-, large-, and super scale, as urban forests. In this, a network of major trees, and thereby a matrix of all trees formed by that network, will be formed. Third, from the viewpoint of urban forest improvement, approaches need to be based on planting trees in even distribution across the whole city.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.375-384
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• 2010

We tried to establish the history of outbreaks and control methods of 'hwangchung' in Joseon Dynasty, uncovering the biological reality of the 'hwangchung' (called hwang or bihwang) analyzed through the Database program on 'the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty' and 'the Emollment of Haegoeje', two of the finest examples of classical historical records. The total number of articles on the outbreak of the hwangchung is 261 in the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty and 65 in the Emollment of Haegoeje. There were four peaks by hwangchung throughout the Joseon Era. Among them, the periods of King Taejo to King Sejong had the highest incidence. By comparing the number of records of the hwangchung from the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty with that in the Emollment of Haegoeje during the same period, results show the former was less than the latter, 35 vs 65. However, both records were relatively inconsistent with each other. Insect pests in forests as well as in agriculture were included in the biological identities of the hwangchung in the Joseon Dynasty periods, which is in accordance with those of Saigo's. The taxonomic identity could be confirmed in only 25 cases (9.5%) among the articles on hwangchung. It largely coincided with Paik's opinion: II in armyworm, nine in moth larva, one in rice stem borer, two in migratory locust, one in planthopper and one in rice-plant weevil. Therefore, it is not reasonable to regard hwangchung as a migratory locust or grasshopper only. The number of reports on the occurrence of hwangchung in the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty was 173 (66% of the total) and 47% of them were just simple reports, which means the report itself on the appearance of hwangchung was very significant. The reports on controlling insect pests were of low frequency, in 20% (34 cases) of the total reports, capturing insect pests or holding traditional ceremony called 'Poje'. Among them, only one case related to the treatment of seeds to prevent the damage by hwangchung was published in the King Sejong period. There were 37 discussions about changes and management of government policies due to disasters by hwangchung. They were mostly about relief or tax cut to the people who suffered damage and about cancellation of recruiting people to military training, constructing castles, and so on. It seems that not only the people but also the king was influenced by the hwangchung. In the case of King Seongjong, he referred to the stress of the prevention measure of locusts in 10 articles. The damage also had an effect on abdication in the reign of King Jeongjong.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.34
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• pp.141-169
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• 2020

This study focuses on the interpretation and transformation of "The Great Learning" within the Korean new religion, Daesoon Jinrihoe. Joseon Dynasty Korea was a member of the Chinese Character Cultural Sphere in East Asia. The examination and recruitment system of the Yuan Dynasty influenced the Joseon Dynasty for a long historical period. Zhu Xi's (朱熹) version of The Four Books were accepted and applied in imperial examinations during the Joseon Dynasty. The 18th century Confucian thinker, Jeong Yak-Yong (丁若鏞), overturned and rebuilt his own system for studying and interpreting The Four Books (四書學). Zhu Xi and Jeong Yak-Yong's systems of thought influenced Confucianism knowledge in that era. The historical figure deified as the Supreme God by Daesoon Jinrihoe, Kang Jeungsan (姜甑山), was trained in the study of The Four Books within that cultural and philosophical context, and this is especially evident in his interpretation and transmission of "The Great Learning." Kang Jeungsan regarding The Great Learning as deeply important. That text combined Confucian discourse on Principle, Mind, and Practice. In his interpretation, The Great Learning was also a medical and religious book that had holy and mysterious powers. In Mugeuk-do and Taegeuk-do (direct predecessors to Daesoon Jinrihoe), Jo Jeongsan interpreted the concept of Sincerity and Regularizing the Mind and incorporated them into doctrine as 'Sincerity, Respectfulness, and Faithfulness' and 'Guarding against Self-deception.' Park Wudang practiced and spread those doctrines to Korea, and Daesoon Jinrihoe devotees continue to follow those doctrines in present times.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.9-19
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• 2018

We investigate the life of Lee Cheon (1376-1451) who was closely connected with astronomy during the reign of King Sejong of the Joseon dynasty. Lee Cheon is widely regarded as one of the outstanding scientists of King Sejong's period. However, his contributions to the development of the astronomy during the period have not been enlightened. Based on the historical records on the life and achievements of Lee Cheon, mainly referring to the Joseonwangjosillok (Annals of the Joseon Dynasty), we address three important points. First, Lee Cheon was a distinguished administrator who filled various government posts. Second, he was a supervising engineer in public works and metal smelting during his position in military. Third, he was a scientific technician and manufactured precision equipment such as the metal movable type sets. By virtue of these aspects, Lee Cheon was taken into confidence by King Sejong on the Ganui-dae project (i.e., manufacture various astronomical instruments and construct their platform in order to make a calendar suitable for Joseon). During the period of this project, Lee Cheon not only supervised the construction of the Ganui (simplified armillary sphere) and Ganui-dae (platform for astronomical instruments) but also participated in the production of the astronomical instruments such as Gyupyo (Gnomon) and Honcheonui (Armillary Sphere). In conclusion, we regard Lee Cheon as one of the astronomers who led a great advance in astronomy during King Sejong's era.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.3 s.112
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• pp.108-123
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate costumes worn by high government officials which are illustrated in Tamna Sullyeokdo at the era of King Sukjong of the Joseon Dynasty. The findings of the study are as fellows: 1. Tamna Sullyeokdo showed that Moksa wore an simplified version of Jobok at a congratulatory ceremony. They wore Sibok at such events as examinations, Yeonhyang or Jinsang. Particularly at Yeonhyang, Samo was decorated with some red flowers. The officials wore Yungbok when they were participated in military training, hunting or arrow shooting competitions. They wore Pyeonbok when they go on a trip 2. Pangwan wore Sibok when they took an examination. They wore Yungbok during military training while they wore Pyeonbok during Tamseung. 3. Hyeongam wore Sangbok at a congratulatory ceremony. When they take part in military training, examinations, Yeonhyang or Jinsang, those officials wore Sibok. They also wore Yungbok during military training, Yeonhyang or Jinsang. They wore Jurip decorated with some red flowers during Yeonhyang. And they wore Pyeonbok when they were inspecting military training of Seongjeonggun. 4. Gungwan wore Yungbok at every events. They wore Jurip decorated with Hosu and Jeonrip on their head, and wore Cheolrik during military drills, arrow shooting competitions, examinations, Jinsang, or Tamseung. They wore Jeonip decored with red flowers during Yeonhyang. During regular military trainings, those officials wore Jeonrip decorated with Sangmo on their head and wore Cheolrik and Jeonbok. During Tamseung, they wore Jeonrip decorated with Sangmo on their head and wore Jeonbok with Jungchimak or a set of Jeogori and Baji.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2017

Module coordination(分數), which is crucially relevant to plan shape of a fortress and the location of its gates and chis(雉, protruding posts), have not been thoroughly studied, despite its importance in fortress system. While plan shape of Goryeo fortress features orderly placement of gates and chis, under medium-sized J oseon fortress doesn't follow it strictly. As a result, fortresses with various plan shapes greatly outnumber those of Goryeo. Especially, Gimhaeeupseong Fortress, which is a large-scale town wall, shows such a complicated plan shape, making it difficult to figure out its modular coordination. Presumably, the reason for J oseon fortress' complicated plan shapes, which doesn't follow the orderly modular coordination, is thought to be in its various geographical conditions. Also, it seems that the building of fortress with such various and complicated plan shapes was to deter enemies from intruding by confusing them. And various plan shapes of fortress are also figured out to be pertinent to street system of towns and positions of public offices.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2021

Uihagipmun was a medical book published by Leecheon during the Ming Dynasty of China in the 16th century and was introduced to Korea during the mid-Joseon Period. This text greatly influenced the establishment of the Donguibogam, an important work in Korean medicine. This study confirms that many medical professionals of the Joseon Dynasty loved the Uihagipmun and that the Uihagipmun was very important during the Joseon Dynasty. Since then, the status of the Uihagipmun in Korean medicine continued to be emphasized by Korean medicine doctors throughout the Japanese colonial era. The translation of the Uihagipmun began in the 1970s as part of the classical Korean medicine translation project under the leadership of the Korean medicine group "Hanbanguiuhoe". However, due to a lack of funds, the translation was delayed and the first edition was published on October 10, 1974. Writings of those who led the translation at that time show that the translation of the Uihagipmun thought that the exact translation of the Uihagipmun in Korean medicine could lead to the scientific and modernization of Korean medicine. Therefore, Gugyeok pyeonjuuihagipmun should not be regarded as a mere translation, but as a medical book of important value in Korean medical history.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.13-26
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• 2024

The armillary sphere, an astronomical observation device embodying the Orbital Heaven Theory of the Later Han Dynasty in China, holds both historical and scientific significance. It has been produced in various forms by many individuals since its inception in the era of King Sejong in the Joseon Dynasty. A prominent figure in this field was Nam Byeong-cheol (南秉哲, 1817-1863), known for his work 'Uigijipseol' (儀器輯說), published in 1859, which detailed the history, production methods, and usage of the armillary sphere. This text particularly highlights 21 applications of the armillary sphere, divided into 33 measurements, covering aspects like installation, time, and positional measurements, supplemented with explanations of spherical trigonometry. Despite numerous records of the armillary sphere's design during the Joseon Dynasty, detailed usage information remains scarce. In this study, the 33 measurements described in 'Uigijipseol' (儀器輯說) were systematically classified into six for installation, nineteen for position measurement, seven for time measurement, and one for other purposes. Additionally, the measurement methods were analyzed and organized by dividing them into the ecliptic ring, moving equatorial ring, and fixed equatorial ring of the armillary sphere. In other words, from a modern astronomical perspective, the results of schematization for each step were presented by analyzing it from the viewpoint of longitude, right ascension, and solar time. Through the analysis of Nam's armillary sphere, this study not only aims to validate the restoration model of the armillary sphere but also suggests the potential for its use in basic astronomical education based on the understanding of the 19th-century Joseon armillary sphere.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.641-651
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• 2011

In 2007, a Taiwanese mathematics historian Wann-Sheng HORNG made a visit to Kyujanggak(the royal library of Joseon Dynasty) in Seoul, Korea. During this visit, he found the Korean math book An abridged version of the Joseon Mathematics (<數學節要>, Su-Hak-Jeol-Yo), which was written by Jong-Hwa AN(9 Nov 1860 - 24 Nov 1924) in 1882. Then he mentioned the possible importance of AN's book in his article in the Journal Kyujanggak(vol. 32, June 2008). Jong-Hwa AN is a Korean scholar, activist of patriotism and enlightenment in the latter era of Joseon Dynasty. He passed the last examination of Joseon Dynasty to become a high government officer in 1894. The father of the modern mathematics education in Korea, Sang-Seol LEE(1870-1917) also passed the same examination with him. It is interesting that government high officer AN and LEE both wrote mathematics books in 19th century. In this talk, we now analyze this mathematics book of Joseon written in 1882.