• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.469-476
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• 2000

Objectives : To analyze differences in health behaviors among the social strata in Korea by using the 1995 National Health and Health Behavior Survey Data. Methods : Study Participants numbered 2,352 men and 1,016 women aged between 15-64 years old, with housewives, students and non-waged family workers excluded. Health behaviors in this study were defined according to the recommendations of the Alameda 7 study. The measure of health behaviors was based on the Health Practices Index(HPI; 0-5 range, with the exclusion of snacking between meals and regularly eating breakfast) developed by the Alameda County research. The significance of the relationship between social strata and HPI was assessed by considering the adjusted means from the multi-variate model. Results : For men, incidence rates of never having smoked, no/moderate use of alcohol, regular exercise, and regular 7-8 hours sleep per night were higher in the upper social strate. Meanwhile, for women, incidence rates of never having smoked, no/moderate use of alcohol, appropriate weight, regular exercise, and regular 7-8 hours sleep per night were higher in the upper strata. HPI varied significantly among social strata in both sexes (p<0.001), a result which held true when adjusted for age, education, income, social insurance type, marital status and region. Conclusions : Health behaviors assessed by Health Practices Index(HPI) varied significantly among social strata for both sexes. Therefore, the existing gap in health behaviors among social strata can be corrected more effectively by target oriented health promotional activities.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.294-302
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the wage structure of hospital nurses in Korea and to analyze the factors that determine the level of nurses' wages. Methods: First, a mobile survey on nurses' wages was conducted with a total of 3,742 nurses working in hospitals. A literature review was also done. Second, a regression model was applied to analyze the determinants of nurses' wages. Results: The average monthly wage of 3,742 nurses based on the survey was KRW 3,588,000 and the standardized monthly income of 3,742 nurses was estimated to be KRW 3,364,000 as of the end of 2018. The results of regression analysis(R²=61.7%) showed that gender, nursing experience, designated night duty, ownership, and number of beds were statistically significant variables for nurses' wages at 1% significance level. The monthly wage of nurses working in total nursing care wards was not significantly different from those working in other wards at 5% significance level. Conclusion: The substantial difference in nurses' wages according to job career, hospital size, region, etc may result in the low proportion of nurses with more than three to five years of service experience and the high turnover of less-experienced workers. Consideration should be given to adjust the gap in wage level and a standard nurse wage system could be effective measures.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.57-63
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• 2011

This study was performed to figure out the recognition on forest certification by consumption propensity and socio-economic characteristics of wood cabinet consumers. The mean score of recognition on SFM and FSC showed comparatively low, 2.25 and 2.20(5-point likert scale), from the analysis result on 88 valid questionnaires of 90. The respondents rate of eco and non eco-friendly group formed 80.7% and 18.2%, there is a significant gap between two groups on total questionnaires. The percentage of respondents recognizing on SFM and FSC was about 31% (eco-friendly), 5.6%(non eco-friendly, SFM) and 2.8%(non eco-friendly, FSC) within each group. It showed that the socio-economic characteristics on eco-friendly respondents were higher than the others about more 1.3 times in the married rate, average age and monthly householding income.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.spc
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• pp.549-562
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify individual- and regional-level factors associated with perceived good health and multimorbidity among older adults. Methods: Secondary analysis of the 2017 Korea Community Health Survey was conducted on a sample of 67,532 older adults. The individual level data set was combined with regional-level factors from the administrative data released on the Korea National Statistical Office website. Distribution of perceived good health and multimorbidity in 254 public health centers were calculated using sampling weights and presented as percentages. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were used to identify individual- and regional-level factors associated with perceived good health and multimorbidity. Results: Overall, 21.1% of subjects perceived their health to be good, ranging from 9.3% to 39.4% by region. The prevalence of multimorbidity was 15.9%, and varied between 6.6% and 22.6% by region. At the individual level, perceived good health was associated with men, younger age, higher educational levels, higher income levels, and those married and living with a partner and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. At the regional level, higher rates of health center personnel among public officials and higher levels of financial independence were associated with perceived good health. Multimorbidity was associated with marital status and healthy lifestyle, and higher rates of health center personnel among public officials. Conclusion: Regional factors such as health care personnel and local economy could affect population health. Our findings suggest the need to consider individual- and regional-level factors to promote good health among older adults and reduce the health gap by region.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.111-117
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• 2021

The object of this study is through an empirical analysis, how cultural capital at the individual level and social welfare expenditure at the national level affect the life satisfaction of the elderly. In this study method, a Hierarchical Linear Model(HLM) analysis was performed on 3,297 elderly people aged 65 and older and 9 OECD countries. As a result of analysis, first, it was confirmed that life satisfaction and social class had a significant effect. Therefore, in to increase the satisfaction of the life of the elderly, policy and practical intervention measures that can narrow the gap between social classes should be prepared. Second, the old-age pension and survivor's pension had no significant effect on life satisfaction. However, as a result of the interaction, social class has a positive effect on life satisfaction, and it was confirmed that the lower the income inequality, the more positive the life satisfaction was. In conclusion, this implies that both individuals and countries should make efforts to variously increase the life satisfaction of the elderly.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.310-321
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• 2021

The influence of regional economic growth on migration may also differ by age and generation age due to individual lifestyle. Therefore, this study analyzes an effects of changes in regional economic growth on migration between regions by age group. The result shows that the increase in the growth rate of the regional economy and job creation increased the net migration rate, regardless of age group. Second, it is found that the growth rate of the regional economy and job creation have a greater effect on the net migration rate for the youth population than for the middle-aged group. Third, it is found that the gap between regions in the level of individual income in the 25 to 29 years old and the level of land price fluctuations in the 40 to 64 years old affect the net migration rate. This implies that regional economic growth is still an important factor in the migration between regions, and has a great influence on the youth population.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.871-878
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• 2021

This study analyzed the polarization of software education by analyzing the relationship between the average monthly total private education expenditure, software education expenditure, and academic achievement. For this purpose, data were collected and analyzed by surveying 2,780 parents of elementary school children nationwide. The results of this study are as follows: First, there was a statistically significant difference in children's academic achievement depending on whether or not they participated in software education. Second, the higher the children's academic achievement, the higher the percentage of participation in software private education expenditure. Third, there was a significant positive correlation between total private education expenditure and software-related private education expenditure. Fourth, although not statistically significant, there was a positive correlation between software private education expenses and academic achievement. In this study, software education provided by public education is not sufficient. For this reason, participation in private education and the amount of expenditure are increasing, and there is a gap in improving the main competencies of students according to household income.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.155-166
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• 2009

This study focused on and analyzed the mentoring program for low income families practiced by Northern Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education, and develop the program to become an opportunity to vitalize the school library. Parents mentoring programs from five Northern Seoul elementary schools were analyzed from many different perspectives for this research. Firstly analyzed current status of mentoring program, interviewed mentor, mentee, and people in charge of these programs, were surveyed, and homeroom teachers, after school curriculum teachers were interviewed. Also the mentoring journals by mentor were analyzed. Based upon this research, school library parent mentoring program expands the role of school library, inviting the students with any possibility of being alienated from the society to the broader world by books. Eventually, this chance is to allow the small communication started out with books bring changes to the society and help to diffuse the social gap conflict in our society.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.585-602
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• 2011

This study is to investigate the long run convergence behavior of the housing rent of Korean 21 cities, by using the Phillips and Sul (2007)'s newly developed panel convergence test method. The empirical result shows that the 21 Korean cities nationwide converge in four different groups according to the level of convergence. The 1st group is composed of 3 Seoul metropolitan cities, the 2nd group is composed of Bucheon, the 3rd group is composed of 10 cities such as Busan, Daegu, etc, and the 4th group is composed of 7 cities including Jeonju and Mokpo etc. About the speed of convergence among the member cities within the group, the 1st group has the highest speed and next the 4th group, followed by the 2nd group, and finally the 3rd group. The fact that the member cities of the 1st group with the highest rent level and the 4th group with the lowest rent level converges rapidly means the polarization of rent between the two groups. Finally, this paper suggests policy implications to relax the widening gap of individual income between the higher and the lower rent convergent groups.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.418-431
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors influencing oncofertility and to explore the oncofertility experiences of patients with gynecological cancer using quantitative and qualitative methods, respectively. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was conducted. The quantitative study involved 222 patients with gynecological cancer recruited from online cafes and hospitals. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28. For qualitative research, eight patients with gynecological cancer were interviewed. Data were analyzed using theme analysis method. Results: Oncofertility performance was quantitatively assessed in 40 patients (18.0%). Factors that significantly affected oncofertility were fertility preservation awareness (odds ratio [OR] = 14.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.22~53.08), number of children planned before cancer diagnosis (OR = 6.08, 95% CI: 1.89~19.62; OR = 5.04, 95% CI: 1.56~16.29), monthly income (OR = 3.29, 95% CI: 1.23~8.86), social support (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01~1.17), and anxiety (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.66~0.95). Qualitative results showed three theme clusters and eight themes: (1) themes for determinant factors affecting oncofertility selection: 'desire to have children' and 'special meaning of the uterus and ovaries;' (2) themes for obstructive factors affecting oncofertility selection: 'fertility preservation fall behind priorities,' 'confusion caused by inaccurate information,' and 'my choice was not supported;' (3) themes for support factors affecting oncofertility selection: 'provide accurate and reasonable information about oncofertility,' 'addressing the healthcare gap,' and 'need financial support for oncofertility.' Conclusion: Financial support, sufficient information, social support, and anxiety-relief interventions are required for oncofertility in patients with gynecological cancer.