• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.107-116
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• 1997

In order to achieve optimal reproductive performance, reliable morphological and physiological basic data on the reproductive organs are desirable. Adult male Korean ring-necked pheasant in inactive(mid of January) and active state (end of April) were used in this study. In addition, five active state pheasants were received a single dose of 60Co-ray 500 rads each to damage the testes. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution pattern of protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 and ${\alpha}$-tubulin in the pheasant testes of the active, inactive and ${\gamma}$-ray irradiated active states. The results obtained were summarized as follows 1. The seminiferous tubules collected in inactive states( mid of Jan) showed narrow lumen, and the spermatogonia and the Sertoli cell were well preserved. The PGP 9.5 immunoreactivity of these tubules showed a positive reaction in paranucleus area of the spermatogonia, and a positive reaction in a small number of the Leydig cells in the interstitium of the seminiferous tubules. 2. The seminiferous tubules were dilated in active state(end of April) as compared with the inactive state. The PGP 9.5 reactivity in these tubules showed a positive reaction in many Leydig cells in the interstitium of the seminiferous tubules, and the testes of ${\gamma}$-ray irradiated group showed partially weak reaction in the interstitium of the seminiferous tubules. 3. The ${\alpha}$-tubulin reactivity in the seminiferous tubules of the inactive testes was strongly positive in the cytoplasmic process of the Sertoli cell from the basal stem region to the apical ex-tension. From the broad part of the stem region to the luminal space, the active testes showed a strong positive reaction. The ${\gamma}$-ray irradiated groups showed diminished reaction in the basal region.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2015

The inactive student rate is becoming a major problem in most open universities worldwide. In Indonesia, roughly 36% of students were found to be inactive, in 2005. Data mining had been successfully employed to solve problems in many domains, such as for educational purposes. We are proposing a method for preventing inactive students by mining knowledge from student record systems with several state of the art ensemble methods, such as Bagging, AdaBoost, Random Subspace, Random Forest, and Rotation Forest. The most influential attributes, as well as demographic attributes (marital status and employment), were successfully obtained which were affecting student of being inactive. The complexity and accuracy of classification techniques were also compared and the experimental results show that Rotation Forest, with decision tree as the base-classifier, denotes the best performance compared to other classifiers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.305-313
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• 1998

The purpose of study was to examine the effect of nonnutritive sucking(NNS) on behavioral state in preform infants. Fourteen infants (gestational age 28-35 weeks, M=31.86 ; birth weights 1095-2275g, M=1694g) admitted to NICU, serving as their controls were randomly administered 5 min of nonnutritive sucking and a control condition. Behavioral state was measured using the Anderson Behavioral State Scale(ABSS). Heart rates were obtained for each infant before and during NNS and bottle feeding. Data collecction was done by 3 experienced nurses in NICU 2 times a day for conseculive 4 days for each subject. Interrater reliability were .80-.90. The findings were as follows : 1. Preform infants averaged active restless states 58.93% in the prointervention phase and 27.32% in the NNS phase. Inactive awake states were 3.57% in the preintervention phase and 34.64% in the NNS phase. 2. There were significantly more positive changes to inactive awake states for the NNS intervention, Z=-2.35, p=.01. 3. There was no statistically significant difference in heart rate change between NNS intervention and control condition, z=-1.15, p=.24. 4. The rates of feeding success determined by finishing prescribed amount of milk by bottle feeding within 15 minutes were 83.94% in NNS intervention and 89.29% in control condition. The findings from this study confirmed that NNS is effective for behavioral state modulation and inducing optimal state for feeding in preform infant. The NNS intervention in nursing practice may help the transition of preform infants for nipple feeding.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07c
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• pp.1606-1609
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• 2002

MAC state models appeared with an effort to overcome technical demerits of CDMA in provisioning packet data service. In the scenario of sojourn and transition on MAC states, the design of state sojourn time is a critical issue for an efficient utilization of limited recource; a longer sojourn time leads to more resource being preserved for inactive stations, while more connection components should be recovered with a shorter sojourn time. Thus, the sojourn time at each MAC state must be optimized in consideration of these two conflicting arguments. In this paper, we first present a generic MAC state model. Secondly, based on the generic model, we reveal a relation of inactive period and the delay time of the last packet served in pre- ceding active period and specify a loss function reflect-ing two antinomic features that result from a change of state sojourn time. Using the proposed loss function, we construct a decision problem to find an optima3 rule for state sojourn times. Finally, we present a way of computing Bayes rule by use of the posterior distribution of inactivity duration for given observation on the delay time of last packet. Furthermore, Bayes rules are explicitly expressed for special arrival processes and investigated with respect to traffic load and loss parameters.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.117-126
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• 2010

Hsp33 is a molecular chaperone achieving a holdase activity upon response to a dual stress by heat and oxidation. Despite several crystal structures available, the activation process is not clearly understood, because the structure inactive Hsp33 as its reduced, zinc-bound, monomeric form has not been solved yet. Thus, we initiated structural investigation of the reduced Hsp33 monomer by NMR. In this study, to overcome the high molecular weight (33 kDa), the protein was triply isotope-[$^{13}C$, $^{15}N$, $^2H$]-labeled and its inactive, monomeric state was ensured. 2D-[$^1H$, $^{15}N$]-TROSY and a series of triple resonance spectra could be successfully obtained on a high-field (900 MHz) NMR machine with a cryoprobe. However, under all of the different conditions tested, the number of resonances observed was significantly less than that expected from the amino acid sequence. Thus, a possible contribution of dynamic conformational exchange leading to a line broadening is suggested that might be important for activation process of Hsp33.

• BMB Reports
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.329-333
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• 2001

Active lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is known as a noncovalent homodimer of identical subunits, and dissociation of the dimer to a monomeric form renders the lipase inactive. In this study, the oligomerization status of LPL in human and rat plasma was investigated. The LPL activity was barely detectable in the control rat and human plasma. After the injection of heparin, the total lipolytic activity of plasma was rapidly increased, and reached its maximum in 30 min. Changes of the LPL protein correlated well with those of lipolytic activity. The LPL protein that is released by heparin into both human and rat plasma was active and dimeric in the sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation. In control rat plasma, LPL was inactive, and a great fraction was present as an aggregate. However, the inactive LPL protein in the control human plasma retained the dimeric state, indicating that dimerization can be an entity independent of the catalytic activity of LPL. The released LPL is transported as a complex with lipoproteins in plasma. Lipoprotein profiles, determined by NaBr ultracentrifugation, exhibited typical LDL- and HDL-mammal patterns in humans and rats, respectively, with a smaller amount of the LDL fraction observed in rats. The difference in the lipoprotein profiles might influence the fate of the released LPL in plasma.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1995.10b
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• pp.326.2-326
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• 1995

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.395-403
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• 2021

Objectives: Previous studies have shown that participation in social activities (SA) can prevent cognitive decline (CD) and that living arrangements (LA) can affect cognitive function. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SA and LA on CD, as well as their interactions, using longitudinal data. Methods: Data were used from the 2006-2018 Korean Longitudinal Study for Aging, which followed 10 254 adults older than 45 years over a 12-year period. CD was defined as a ≥4-point score decrease in the Mini-Mental Status Exam over 2 years. We developed an extended Cox proportional hazards model for time-dependent covariates to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of CD in 4 groups: (1) socially active and living with others, (2) socially active and living alone, (3) socially inactive and living with others (SILO), and (4) socially inactive and living alone (SILA). The model was stratified by gender and adjusted for important confounders. Results: The HR of CD was significantly higher in the SILO group in men (HR,1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08 to 1.78) and in the SILA group in women (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.75). However, the interaction term for gender was not significant. Conclusions: Among socially inactive elderly adults, the HR of CD was elevated in men who lived with others and in women who lived alone, although the interaction term for gender was not significant. Socially inactive men who live with others and socially inactive women who live alone are particularly encouraged to participate in SA to prevent CD.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.445-455
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• 1999

This study has been conducted on the nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design in quasi experimental basis and newly born premature infants from intensive care unit of G Medical University Hospital in Inchon Metropolitan were selected in two groups of 21 infants each. The first group for experimental and the other for control. Data has been collected form October 30, 1997 to August 29, 1998. For the experimental group tactile and kinesthetic stimulation was applied 2 times a day for 10 days(10 : 00~11 : 00 hours in the morning and 17 : 00~18 : 00 in the afternoon). As a weight weighing instrument. electronic indicator scale(Cas Co. korea) was used. To determine urine cortisol concentration level in stress hormone, radio immune assay method was used. And high performance liquid chlomatography was used to determine urine norepinephrine, concentration level To determine behavior status, tools developed by Anderson et at(1990) and remodeled by Kim Hee-Sook(1996) were used. Collected data were analyzed with the SAS program using x$^2$-test, student t-test, repeated measures ANOVA and paired t -test. The result were as follow. 1. As for the daily weight gain. the experimental group showed first change in weight and this group also showed higher weight in the average weight than the control group. Statistically, however, there was no significant factor between the two group. 2. The cortisol concentration in urine showed decrease in the experimental group norepinephrine concentration in urine showed increase in both experimental and control groups. No statistical significance was shown between the two groups. 3. In the aspect of behavior status. the experimental group showed statistical significance by showing inactive in the state of alert and conversion to a positive state than the control group. In conclusion, the sensory stimulation in this study showed a positive aspect through there was no statistical significance in the weight gain and urine stress hormone concentration. In the behavior status, there was statistical significance in the frequency of staying inactive in the state of alert and conversion to a positive state.

• BMB Reports
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.12-16
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• 1995

The branched-chain ${\alpha}$-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKAD) complex is a rate limiting enzyme which catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of branched-chain ${\alpha}$-keto acids. Numerous studies have suggested that BCKAD is subject to covalent modification in vitro via phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, which are catalyzed by a specific kinase and phosphatase, respectively. The biggest difficulty in the assay of BCKAD activity is to arrest the interconversion between the active and inactive forms. BCKAD activity was determined from fresh rat heart and liver tissues using homogenizing and assay buffers containing inhibitors of phosphatase and kinase. The results suggest that a radiochemical assay using ${\alpha}$-keto[1-$^{14}C$]-isovalerate as a substrate for the enzyme can be applied as a reliable method to determine in vitro enzyme activity with arrested interconversion between the active and inactive forms of the BCKAD complex.