• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.292-292
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• 2017

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of anti-obesity and antioxidant enzyme activities in vitro by different solvent fractions from the roots of Codonopsis lanceolata. The cytotoxicity of different solvent fractions of C. lanceolata on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were evaluated using the MTT assay, the rate of cell survival progressively decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Butyl alcohol fraction at $200{\mu}g/mL$ exhibited a pronounced cytotoxic effect (75.73%) on 3T3-L1 cell comparable to that of the hexane fraction (79.82%), methylene chloride fraction (84.02%), ethyl acetate fraction (87.62%) and DW fraction (86.30%) at the same concentration. The Oil Red O solution was used to determine whether different solvent fractions of C. lanceolata induce adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Confluent 3T3-L1 cells were treated with $50{\mu}g/mL$ concentration of solvent fraction extracts from C. lanceolata. Inhibitory degree of lipid accumulation against solvent fraction extracts showed a significant level compared with the control. Both lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation showed relatively high effect on methyl chloride fraction. The root extract of C. lanceolata had the highest SOD enzyme activity of 84.5% in ethyl acetate partition layer and while water partition layer of diploid showed the lowest SOD enzyme activity of 57.9%. The activity of CAT, APX and POD showed a significantly higher activity in ethyl acetate partition layer compared with the other fraction. These results suggested that the roots of C. lanceolata may assist in the potential biological activity on anti-obesity and antioxidant capacity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2000

In order to establish a micropropagation system for buffalo gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima ) and common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca), the effects of several plant growth regulators and culture temperature on shoot multiplication and rooting were investigated. In buffalo gourd, the greatest number of shoot from shoot tip culture and well growth of formed shoot were obtained on the MIS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA and 0.3 or 0.6 mg/L IAA. Whereas kinetin and 2iP were not effective for shoot multiplication in vitro. It was found that 22$^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ were suitable for shoot multiplication. Roots were easily formed by the addition of auxins, especially 1.0 or 2.0 mg/L IBA and 2.0 mg/L IAA. Over 90% of plants survived successfully after being transferred into the field. In common milkweed, BA was more effective than kinetin or 2iP for its micropropagation in vitro. The increased shoot weight and number of nodes per shoot were obtained on the medium containing 3.0 mg/L BA and 0.3 or 0.6 mg/L IAA. But 2iP promoted the shoot elongation. In addition. common milkweed was sensitive to culture temperature in vitro. Temperature around 22$^{\circ}C$ was favorable for shoot multiplication and growth, whereas temperature higher than $25^{\circ}C$ usually reduced the rate of shoot survival rate.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 2005

Objective: The purpose of this study is to elucidate in vitro responses to combined gamma knife irradiation and p53 gene transfection on human malignant glioma cell lines. Methods: Two malignant human glioma cell lines, U87MG (p53-wild type) and U373MG (p53-mutant) were transfected with an adenoviral vector containing p53 (MOI of 50) before and after applying 20Gy of gamma irradiation. Various assessments were performed, including, cell viability by MTT assay; apoptosis by annexin assay; and cell cycle by flow cytometry, for the seven groups: mock, p53 only, gamma knife (GK) only, GK after LacZ, LacZ after GK, GK after p53, p53 after GK. Results: Cell survival decreased especially, in the subgroup transfected with p53 after gamma irradiation. Apoptosis tended to increase in p53 transfected U373 MG after gamma irradiation (apoptotic rate, 38.9%). The G2-M phase cell cycle arrest markedly increased by transfecting with p53, 48 hours after gamma knife irradiation in U373 MG (G2-M phase, 90.8%). Conclusion: These results suggest that the in vitro effects of combined gamma knife irradiation and p53 gene transfection is an augmentation of apoptosis and G2-M phase cell cycle arrest, which are more exaggerated in U373 MG with p53 transfection after gamma knife irradiation.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.321-328
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• 2010

An efficient protocol for in vitro organogenesis was achieved from callus-derived immature and mature leaf explants of Momordica charantia, a very important vegetable and medicinal plant. Calluses were induced from immature leaf explants excised from in vitro (15-day-old seedlings) mature leaf explants of vivo plants (45 days old). The explants were grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with Gamborg (B5) vitamins containing 30 g $1^{-1}$ sucrose, 2.2 g $1^{-1}$ Gelrite, and 7.7 lM naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) with 2.2 ${\mu}M$ thidiazuron (TDZ). Regeneration of adventitious shoots from callus (30-40 shoots per explant) was achieved on MS medium containing 5.5 ${\mu}M$ TDZ, 2.2 ${\mu}M$ NAA, and 3.3 ${\mu}M$ silver nitrate ($AgNO_3$). The shoots (1.0 cm length) were excised from callus and elongated in MS medium fortified with 3.5 ${\mu}M$ gibberellic acid ($GA_3$). The elongated shoots were rooted in MS medium supplemented with 4.0 ${\mu}M$ indole 3-butyric acid (IBA). Rooted plants were acclimatized in the greenhouse and subsequently established in soil with a survival rate of 90%. This protocol yielded an average of 40 plants per leaf explant with a culture period of 98 days.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.139-143
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• 2004

The twin-scale segments of nerine (Nerine bowdenii) were cultured to investigate the influence of NAA, BA and sucrose concentrations on in vitro bulblet formation. The formation of bulblets from twin-scale segments showed a good response both the percentage of bulblet formation and the number of bulblets per explant on MS medium supplemented with 1mg/L NAA and 2 mg/L BA. Formation of bulblet showed the highest efficiency on medium containing 30g/L, and the formation of bulblets was strongly inhibited on medium containing over 90g/L. When the twin-scale segments formed bulblets were subcultured three times to the same medium by 60 day subculture interval, the number of bulblets per explant was 6.5, 7.3 and 8.2 in order of first, second and third. The bulblets over 3mm in diameter were hypertrophied and rooted after transferring to the hormone-free MS medium. The plantlets over 50mm in height were successfully acclimatized in the soil mixed with the same volume of vermiculite and perlite, and the survival rate was over 95％.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2021

Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of transcription factors essential to the control of antiviral immune response, cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. IRF10 of zebrafish (Danio rerio) was negative regulation of the interferonΦ1 and 3 response in vitro. In this study, we analyze the induction of in vivo immune response activation from the IRF10 gene of zebrafish and the protective effect against VHSV. As the results, the group inoculated with IRF10 expression vectors, there was no expression of IFNΦ1, suggestion that IRF10 may function as a negative regulator of IRF3, which binds to the IFNΦ1 promoter. And other types of interferon genes (IFNΦ2-4) are thought to have been activated, inducing to the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine and Mx genes. As the results of challenge test performed at 14 days after inoculation of the expression vectors, the maximum survival rate [50% (1㎍ DNA) and 42.5% (10㎍ DNA)] for IRF10 group were recorded. Meanwhile, the survival rates of pcDNA3.1 and PBS as the control groups were 10% and 15%, respectively. This study suggests that the possibility that activation of IRF10 molecule could be exploited as a VHS control method.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.498-504
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• 2014

Potato virus Y (PVY) and potato leafroll virus (PLRV) are among the most damaging potato viruses and prevalent in most potato growing areas. In this study, cryopreservation was used to eradicate PVY and PLRV using two cryogenic methods. Potato shoot tips proliferated in vitro were cryopreserved through droplet-vitrification and encapsulation-vitrification using plant vitrification solution 2 (PVS2; 30% glycerol + 15% dimethyl sulfoxide + 15.0% ethylene glycol + 13.7% sucrose) and modified PVS2. Both cryogenic procedures produced similar rates of survival and regrowth, which were lower than those from shoot tip culture alone. The health status of plantlets regenerated from shoot tip culture alone and cryopreservation was checked by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The frequency of virus-free plants regenerated directly from highly proliferating shoot tips reached 42.3% and 48.6% for PVY and PLRV, respectively. In comparison, the frequency of PVY and PLRV eradication after cryopreservation was 91.3~99.7% following shoot-tip culture. The highest cryopreserved shoot tip regeneration rate was observed when shoot tips were 1.0~1.5 mm in length, but virus eradication rates were very similar (96.4~99.7%), regardless of shoot tip size. This efficient cryotherapy protocol developed to eliminate viruses can also be used to prepare potato material for safe long-term preservation and the production of virus-free plants.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.263-267
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• 2003

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of thidazuron(TDZ) on shoot proliferation and growth from axillary buds of 20-years-old Corylopsis coreana. Shoots proliferation was effectively achieved on WPM(Woody Plant Medium) supplemented with 0.03∼0.1mg/L TDZ. The highest shoot number(6.5$\pm$0.7) was obtained on 0.1mg/L TDZ treatment. On the TDZ medium shoots formed as clusters less than 1cm in height and therefore needed to subculture on GA$_{3}$ containing medium to induce elongation. In consecutive cultures, phenolic compounds were excreted at the proximal part of the explants and inhibited growth of the explants. Growth inhibition by the compounds was overcome using liquid and paper bridge culture system. About 60％ of the elongated shoots rooted on half- strength MS medium containing IBA. Generally, IBA was mire effective on in vitro rooting than NAA with optimal range of 0.5mg/L to 1.0mg/L. Rooted plantlets were transferred in an artificial soil(vermculite) and acclimatized in high humidity greenhouse condition. Survival rate differed greatly depending on rooting types of the explants. Two types of rooting were observed. The first type was direct rooting from the explants. The second type was callus formation followed by rooting from the callus. The explants showing the 1st type rooting survived can be multiplicated in vitro by TDZ treatment followed by elongation with GA$_{3}$ and rooting with IBA.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.296-304
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the applicability of the Psidium guajava leaf extract as a whitening functional cosmetic material. We measured DPPH radical scavenging activity, intracellular ROS, cytotoxicity in B16F10 melanoma cells and cytoprotective effect on ultraviolet A, in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory effect and melanin biosynthesis inhibitory effect. The antioxidative effect was confirmed through high DPPH radical scavenging activity and intracellular ROS activity inhibition measurement of the Psidium guajava leaf extract. The survival rate of B16F10 melanoma cells was more than 98% at all concentrations, and the cytoprotective effect from ultraviolet ray A was found to increase in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, in vitro tyrosinase activity inhibitory effect of 10% and melanin biosynthesis inhibitory effect of 20% were observed. Through less toxicity for B16F10 melanoma cell, high antioxidant activity, inhibition of tyrosinase activity and melanin biosynthesis inhibitory effect, we confirmed the possibility of developing the Psidium guajava leaf extract as a whitening functional cosmetic material with a safe and excellent whitening effect.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.233-241
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• 2010

In vitro elimination of Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) from infected sweet potato is difficult due to low number of virus-free plants obtained from meristem tip culture and long growth period required for the virus detection. In this study, efficient production of the SPLCV-free sweet potato by in vitro therapy coupled with a PCR assay for virus detection was investigated. Infected shoots cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium were treated at three different temperatures for 7 weeks followed by meristem tip culture on the medium with or without ribavirin at 50 mg/L. The regenerated plantlets were tested for virus infection by a PCR assay. The results showed that the both heat- and cold-treatments, and addition of the ribavirin did not have significant effect on efficiency of the virus elimination. The meristem size, however, greatly affected the survival rate. Meristems sized over 0.4 mm survived better than smaller ones (0.2-0.3 mm). The PCR assay was approved to be a rapid, sensitive and reliable for the SPLCV detection in regenerated plantlets. Therefore, combination of cultivating meristem tips sized 0.4-0.5 mm on the medium at $22^{\circ}C$ without ribavirin and detection of SPLCV in the regenerated plantlets by the PCR assay was an efficient system for the SPLCV elimination from infected sweet potato.