• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.39-55
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• 2022

Purpose - This study empirically examines the effect of the Korean government export promotion program (EPP) on small and medium-sized enterprise (SMEs) export performance using firm-level data. Unlike most previous studies that investigated some specific samples of firms, this study analyzes a vast amount of SME data of the Korean Small and Medium Business Administration over the period 2005 to 2008. Design/methodology - An endogeneity problem arises when a firm's probability of being selected is correlated with the likelihood of successfully implementing EPPs. To control for the endogeneity of the EPPs in a relatively short-period sample, we employ 2-Stage Residual Inclusion (2SRI) RE-Tobit and bivariate Tobit procedure. Findings - Analyses show that Korean government EPPs have positive significant effects on SME exports. Empirical results also show that SME export activities are significantly encouraged by R&D investment and capital intensity, but not obviously by labor productivity. Originality/value - This study provides evidence that SME capital intensity, R&D investment, and the number of workers are significant determinants to SME exporting activities, whereas per worker labor cost and employee education are not. These results imply that even for SMEs, firm size is a major factor in promoting exporting activities.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2004

Research activities on the fields of marine biotechnology becomes active not only in developing countries but also in Asian countries. Among those countries China recently initiate the national marine biotechnology R&D program. Since 1996, marine biotechnology has been approved to be a subject of the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China as 863 program. In the first five years from 1996 to 2000 and successively in the second five years from 2001 to 2005, Marine Biotechnology R&D 863 program has been funded by Chinese government with 97.5 million RMB and then more than 200 million RMB, respectively. Under this program there are mainly six R&D subjects of marine biotechnology; 1. Breeding engineering, 2. Control of the disease, 3. Production system and culture facilities, 4. Marine drug and bioproducts, 5. Functional genes and genomics, 6. Breeding of the saltresistant plants. In this paper the research activities and results of 863 program were introduced, and from chinese cases we could leam how we plan and perform the marine biotechnology program of Korea in future.