• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2022

The industrial development and socioeconomic structures of a society are inextricably linked to occupational accidents and diseases. Since the 1970s, a series of major occupational diseases have occurred in South Korea, such as mercury poisoning in Munsong-myeon, carbon disulfide poisoning at Wonjin Rayon, and leukemia at Samsung Electronics. These incidents have caused us to take a critical look at the level of worker safety and health management within companies and the government. These serve as symbolic and representational events. Doctors, lawyers, and labor activists concerned about employee safety and lives came together for years to struggle with the government and industry in order to determine what caused the diseases and to obtain compensation for victims. They finally achieved recognition for occupational diseases and recompense for losses. It is difficult to find similar cases to the baby powder asbestos talc cases and the radon bed case internationally, or there is no case where such a large number of consumers have been potentially harmed. It is also difficult to prove that the damage took place due to the victims' diverse geographic locations and ages, as well as the disease's long incubation period. Based on this premise, businesses and the government have been apathetic in acknowledging these diseases and compensating for damages, with few practical outcomes. Furthermore, unlike the large-scale occupational disease cases, only a few people including expert groups were organized and actively participated in the settlement of these issues, so it remains unfinished business for our society to address.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.582-585
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• 2011

During disaster response, prioritization of limited resources is one of the most important bust challenging tasks. At the same time, it is imperative to timely provide the rescuers with the adequate equipment to facilitate lifesaving operations. However, supply of high demand equipment was insufficient during the initial phase of disaster response, challenging lifesaving operations in the case of the 9-11 terrorist attacks. In respond to the Haiti Earthquake, spatial information of the geographic area was not sufficient to support the search and rescue operations in the early phase of disaster response. However, with the help of civilians, information such as road names, infrastructure damage, and victim locations were updated into the spatial data repository. At the same time, resource outside of the disaster affected zone converges into the area to assist the response efforts, which is the effect of convergence that often made resource coordination challenging in large scale disasters. To efficiently collect information and utilize the converging resources, this paper proposes a flexible data repository for information update for equipment utilization in large scale disaster response scenarios.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.5.1-5.11
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to present the results and analyses of clinical trials, including updates on the different functions of root canal sealers. Materials and Methods: In June 2023, we performed a comprehensive search of ClinicalTrials.gov to identify interventional clinical trials pertaining to root canal sealers. In total, 23 clinical trials conducted up to June 2023 were included in this study. Results: Approximately half of the trials (11 out of 23) were completed, while none were terminated or withdrawn. Each included trial had a minimum of 10 participants, with 11 trials having more than 100 participants. None of the assessed trials provided outcomes, and the majority (17 out of 23) lacked associated publications. In terms of geographic distribution, the USA and Canada did not contribute to any root canal sealer trials. Conclusions: This study highlights the lack of diversity in trial locations, the absence of reported results, and a scarcity of clinical trials examining the physicochemical properties of different sealers. Most published trials primarily focused on assessing the post-operative pain effect of these sealers, but no significant difference was found regarding post-operative pain control.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.205-217
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• 2024

Brown rot disease, caused by Monilinia spp., poses a significant threat to pome and stone fruit crops globally, resulting in substantial economic losses during pre- and post-harvest stages. Monilinia fructigena, M. laxa, and M. fructicola are identified as the key agents responsible for brown rot disease. In this study, we employed the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) method to assess the genetic diversity of 86 strains of Monilinia spp. isolated from major stone fruit cultivation regions in South Korea. Specifically, strains were collected from Chungcheong, Gangwon, Gyeonggi, Gyeongsang, and Jeolla provinces (-do). A comparative analysis of strain characteristics, such as isolation locations, host plants, and responses to chemical fungicides, was conducted. AFLP phylogenetic classification using 20 primer pairs revealed the presence of three distinct groups, with strains from Jeolla province consistently forming a separate group at a high frequency. Furthermore, M. fructicola was divided into three groups by the AFLP pattern. Principal coordinate analysis and PERMANOVA were applied to compare strain information, such as origin, host, and fungicide sensitivity, revealing significant partition patterns for AFLP according to geographic origin and host plants. This study represents the utilization of AFLP methodology to investigate the genetic variability among M. fructicola isolates, highlighting the importance of continuous monitoring and management of variations in the brown rot pathogen.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.60-74
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• 2017

To facilitate prevention of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), a GIS is widely used for monitoring, investigating epidemics, managing HPAI-infected farms, and eradicating the disease. After the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in 2010 and 2011, the government of the Republic of Korea (ROK) established the GIS-based Korean Animal Health Integrated System (KAHIS) to avert livestock epidemics, including HPAI. However, the KAHIS is not sufficient for controlling HPAI outbreaks due to lack of responsibility in fieldwork, such as sterilization of HPAI-infected poultry farms and regions, control of infected animal movement, and implementation of an eradication strategy. An outbreak prediction model to support efficient HPAI control in the ROK is proposed here, constructed via analysis of HPAI outbreak patterns in the ROK. The results show that 82% of HPAI outbreaks occurred in Jeolla and Chungcheong Provinces. The density of poultry farms in these regions were $2.2{\pm}1.1/km^2$ and $4.2{\pm}5.6/km^2$, respectively. In addition, reared animal numbers ranged between 6,537 and 24,250 individuals in poultry farms located in HPAI outbreak regions. Following identification of poultry farms in HPAI outbreak regions, an HPAI outbreak prediction model was designed using factors such as the habitat range for migratory birds(HMB), freshwater system characteristics, and local road networks. Using these factors, poultry farms which reared 6,500-25,000 individuals were filtered and compared with number of farms actually affected by HPAI outbreaks in the ROK. The HPAI prediction model shows that 90.0% of the number of poultry farms and 54.8% of the locations of poultry farms overlapped between an actual HPAI outbreak poultry farms reported in 2014 and poultry farms estimated by HPAI outbreak prediction model in the present study. These results clearly show that the HPAI outbreak prediction model is applicable for estimating HPAI outbreak regions in ROK.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.20-30
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• 2008

This study is to analyse the hydrological behavior of agricultural reservoir using SWAT model. For the upsteam watershed of Gongdo water level gauge station in Anseongcheon watershed, the streamflows at 2 reservoir (Gosam and Geumgwang) locations and Gongdo station were simulated with reservoir inclusion and exclusion. The daily water surface area and storage have been calculated considering the stage-storage curve function of the reservoir. Afterwards, the reservoir operation module in SWAT was modified from original module in SWAT for daily reservoir discharge simulated by water balance equation. Model validation results were Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficients value of 0.55, root mean square error value of 2.33 mm/day. On the other hand, the simulation results of two reservoir exclusion were Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficients value of 0.37, root mean square error value of 2.91 mm/day. The difference of Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficients between the simulation results of two reservoir inclusion and exclusion at Gongdo station was 0.18. This is caused by the storage and release operation of agricultural reservoirs for the runoff occurred at 2 reservoir watersheds.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.17-35
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• 2016

Earthquake-induced disasters are often more severe in locations with soft soils than firm soils or rocks due to differences in ground motion amplification. On a regional scale, such differences can be estimated by spatially predicting subsurface soil thickness over the entire target area. In general, soil deposits are generally deeper in coastal or riverside areas than in inland regions. In this study, a coastal metropolitan area, Incheon, was selected to assess site effects and provide information on seismic hazards. Spatial prediction of geotechnical layers was performed for the entire study area within the GIS framework. Approximately 7,000 existing borehole drilling data in the Incheon area were gathered and archived into the GIS Database (DB). In addition, surface geotechnical data were acquired from a walkover survey. Based on the built geotechnical DB, spatial zoning maps of site-specific seismic response parameters were created and presented for use in a regional seismic strategy. Site response parameters were performed to determine site coefficients for seismic design over the entire target area and compared with each other. Site classifications and subsequent seismic zoning were assigned based on site coefficients. From this seismic zonation case study in Incheon, we verified that geotechnical GIS-DB can create spatial zoning maps of site-specific seismic response parameters that are useful for seismic hazard mitigation particularly in coastal metropolitan areas.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.163-173
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• 2011

This paper, as a case study on the evaluation of nationwide-unit forest functions, targeting the entire Gyeongsangnam-do region, examined the integration measures for the evaluation of national, public and private forest functions, as well as GIS data problems and GIS data building methods. Also, the distribution and characteristics of Gyeongsangnam-do's forest functions were examined. First, as integration measures for forest function evaluation, evaluation unit was proposed as watershed unit, and GIS techniques were proposed to correct some patterns of errors shown in the watershed maps. Also, of GIS data used for forest function evaluation, maps of locations of saw mills to be revised, expressway interchange location maps, and population distribution maps were built nationwide. Based on watershed units, the forest functions of 20 cities and counties in Gyeongsangnam-do were evaluated, revealing that wood production function and forest recreation function potentials, high-ranking was high distributed throughout the site, while most functions potentials, low-ranking was low distributed. In forest function maps with the application of priority by city and gun, the area size was ranked in the order of forest recreation, timber production, natural conservation, water yield, living environment conservation, and prevention of natural disaster. Case analysis results for large areas can be used in evaluating nationwide forest functions.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.164-172
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• 2010

The objective of this research is to assess the level of urban park service provision in comparison to demand population size by region (e.g., dong) in Busan metropolitan areas. To this end, a park service provision assessment index is utilized. The index is built upon the difference between planned and actual levels of park service provision. For each region, planned level is obtained by multiplying the per capita service amount by the number of residents in that region. Actual level is estimated based on Huff model, where distance between parks and residential locations are explicitly accounted for in model building. Empirical analysis was carried out for Busan Metropolitan Area. The result shows that Gumsung-dong, Chunga-dong and Dongdaesin3-dong are well supplied with park service, while Hadan1-dong, Goejung2-dong and Joorae3-dong are under-provided when per capita service provision amount and the extent of service area are set to $6m^2$ and 1km, respectively. It is argued that those regions that suffer from under-provision need to be highlighted such that a priority is given to those areas for establishing new urban parks when renewing urban management plan.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.86-100
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• 2014

The purposes of this study are to provide a guideline for the suitability of wind farm facilities in forest lands and to suggest improvement plans of policies and systems to minimize the damage of forest lands. First, we implemented a literature review and field surveys to examine and select factors for the suitability of wind farm facilities in forest lands. Spatial database for selected location factors of wind farm facilities in forest lands was constructed to develop the suitability model for locating wind farm facilities focusing on Gangwon-do. Data used in this study include wind power resource, legal mountainous preserved area, forest roads, developed areas, forest class, and other spatial data. In order to find specific-sized potential areas for a certain number of wind farm turbines, we used block statistics and focal statistics methods. As a result, the areas for potential wind farm locations were 1,261ha from a block statistics method and 1,411ha from a focal statistics method. Based on the outputs of this research, it is required to make an urgent solution for the prevention of forest disaster and to prepare reduction measures for the destruction of ridge landscape.