• 핵의학기술
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2017

PET/CT 영상 재구성시 감쇠보정맵을 사용하여 영상재구성에 적용한다. 감쇠보정 맵의 CT parameter을 변경하여 PET/CT 영상 재구성 할 때 적용하여 SUVmax에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 비교 평가해보고자 한다. 장비는 Biograph mCT 64를 사용하였고 Phantom은 NEMA IEC Body Phantom을 사용하였다. 실험을 위해 환자는 2017년 2월에서 3월까지 본원 PET/CT 검사를 시행한 환자 20명을 대상으로 Lung, Liver, Bone에 관심영역을 선택하여 기존 08f AC, 45f medium, 80f ultra sharp 방식의 CT kernel을 적용한 감쇠보정맵을 사용하여 PET/CT 영상 재구성에 도입 후 방사능 농도(kBq/mL), SUVmax, SD(standard deviation) 변화 유무를 평가하였다. Phantom 방사능 농도 측정 결과 B08f AC 대비 B45f 0.96%, B80f 6.58% 증가하였고 B08f AC 대비 B45f 0.86%, B80f 6.54%각각 증가하였고, SD의 경우 B08f AC 대비 B45f 1.27%, B80f 6.96% 증가하였다. 환자에서 부위별 SUV는 Lung에서 B08f AC 대비 B45f 1.6%, B80f 6.6%, Liver에서 B08f AC 대비 B45f 0.7%, B80f 4.7%, Bone에서 B08f AC 대비 B45f 1.3%, B80f 6.2% 증가를 보였다. 부위별 SD는 Lung에서 B08f AC 대비 B45f 6.2%, B80f 15.4%, Liver에서 B08f AC 대비 B45f 2.1%, B80f 11%, Bone에서 B08f AC 대비 B45f 를 사용할 때 2.3%, B80f 14.7% 증가를 보였다. CT Kernel변화에 따라 sharpness noise와 영상의 질은 변화를 보였으나 SUVmax와 SD는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다.(P>.05). 핵의학 영상은 정량적인 평가가 중요하다 따라서 부위에 따라 CT kernel이 적절하게 조절되고 noise level이 낮은 감쇠보정 맵을 사용하여 PET/CT 재구성시에 적용하여 정량적 평가에 오류를 줄이는 것이 중요하다고 사료되므로 따라서 같은 부위라 할지라도 sharpness noise가 인위적으로 증가된 kernel을 사용하는 것보다 noise가 낮은 kernel을 사용하는 것이 SD편차를 줄이고 정량적인 평가에 오류를 적게 하여 정확한 진단과 SUV 측정에 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.325-334
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• 2006

For $f{\in}L^2(B,d{\nu})$, ${\parallel}f{\parallel}_{BMO}=\widetilde{{\mid}f{\mid}^2}(z)-{\mid}{\tilde{f}}(z){\mid}^2$. For f continuous on B, ${\parallel}f{\parallel}_{BO}=sup\{w(f)(z):z{\in}B\}$ where $w(f)(z)=sup\{{\mid}f(z)-f(w){\mid}:{\beta}(z,w){\leq}1\}$. In this paper, we will show that if $f{\in}BMO$, then ${\parallel}f{\parallel}_{BO}{\leq}M{\parallel}f{\parallel}_{BMO}$. We will also show that if $f{\in}BO$, then ${\parallel}f{\parallel}_{BMO}{\leq}M{\parallel}f{\parallel}_{BO}^2$. A homomorphic function $f:B{\rightarrow}{\mathbb{C}}$ is called a Bloch function ($f{\in}{\mathcal{B}}$) if ${\parallel}f{\parallel}_{\mathcal{B}}=sup_{z{\in}B}\;Qf(z)$<${\infty}$. In this paper, we will show that if $f{\in}{\mathcal{B}}$, then ${\parallel}f{\parallel}_{BO}{\leq}{\parallel}f{\parallel}_{\mathcal{B}}$. We will also show that if $f{\in}BMO$ and f is holomorphic, then ${\parallel}f{\parallel}_{\mathcal{B}}^2{\leq}M{\parallel}f{\parallel}_{BMO}$.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2013

본 연구는 물-결합재 비 (W/B)와 잔골재-결합재 비 (F/B)에 따른 알칼리 활성화 슬래그 시멘트 (AASC)의 기초 특성에 관한 연구이다. W/B 비는 0.35, 0.40, 0.45, 그리고 0.50를 선정하였다. 그리고 F/B 비는 1.00에서 3.00까지 0.25 크기로 고려하였다. 알칼리 활성화제는 2M과 4M의 NaOH를 사용하였다. 실험은 플로우, 흡수율, 압축강도, 초음파 속도 그리고 건조수축을 측정하여 비교하였다. 플로우, 압축강도, 흡수율, 초음파 속도 그리고 건조수축 모두 W/B 비가 증가하면 감소하였다. 압축강도는 동일 W/B 비에서 F/B 비가 증가할수록 감소하였다. 또한 특정 F/B 비에서 강도가 증가하는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 그리고 S2 (river sand 2)는 S1 (river sand 1)보다 낮은 물리적 특성을 나타냈는데, 이는 조립률 때문으로 판단된다. 본 실험의 결과 AASC의 공학적 특성은 W/B 비와 F/B 비가 영향을 주는 것으로 판단된다. 최적의 F/B 비는 각 W/B 비에 대해 1.75~2.50 인 것으로 생각된다. 또한 W/(B+F) 비가 0.13과 0.14 사이일 때 AASC 모르타르의 배합설계가 효과적일 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.873-878
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• 2002

재래식 메주의 맛을 지닌 코오지의 산업화를 유도하기 위해 재래식 메주에서 분리한 세균과 곰팡이를 이용한 코오지의 특성을 조사하였다. 코오지 제조에 선정된 곰팡이와 세균은 재래식 메주에서 분리한 Bacillus subtilis B-4와 Aspergillus oryzae F-5로, B. subtilis B-4와 A. oryzae F-5는 amylase와 protease 등의 효소분비능이 우수한 것이었다. B. subtilis B-4와 A. oryzae F-5를 각각 코오지 제조에 이용한 결과 색깔은 B. subtilis B-4로 제조한 코오지가 A. oryzae F-5로 제조한 코오지에 비해 약간 어두운 편이었고, 효소분비능은 B. subtilis B-4로 제조한 코오지가 A. oryzae F-5로 제조한 코오지에 비해 우수한 편이었다. 제국이 끝난 코오지에 대한 맛, 향, 색깔 및 전반적인 기호도에 대한 관능검사에서는 B. subtilis B-4로 제조한 코오지가 A. oryzae F-5로 제조한 코오지에 비해 색깔을 제외한 모든 면에서 높은 점수를 얻고 있었다. 수분활성도가 제국에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 수분활성도를 조절하여 제조한 코오지가 색도, 효소분비능, 생균수 및 관능검사에서 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.43-59
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was performed to determine the inhibitory effect of Persimmon Leaves extract (PL) on melanin synthesis in B16F10 melanoma cells B16F10. Methods: The inhibitory effects of PL on melanin synthesis were determined by in vitro assay. To elucidate inhibitory effects of PL on melanin synthesis, we determined the melanin release and melanin production in B16F10. And to investigate the action mechanism, we assessed the gene expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, PKA, PKC${\beta}$, ERK-1, ERK-2, AKT-1, MITF in B16F10. Results: 1. PL inhibited melanin release, melanin production in B16F10. 2. PL inhibited tyrosinase activity in vitro and in B16F10. 3. PL suppressed the expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2 in B16F10. 4. PL suppressed the expression of PKA, PKC${\beta}$ in B16F10. 5. PL increased the expression of ERK-1, ERK-2, AKT-1 in B16F10. 6. PL suppressed the expression of MITF in B16F10. Conclusion: From these results, it may be concluded that PL is possesed of the antimelanogenetic effects.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.157-160
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• 1993

The human follicular f1uids(F.F.) may be considered to contribute the maturation of the oocytes on the in vitro culture. To investigate the effects of epidermal growth factor (E.G.F.), which is present in mature and immature follicular fluids, we had experiments of mouse oocytes maturation in vitro. The endpoints assayed were rated as percentage of oocytes undergoing germinal vesicle breakdown(G.V.B.D.) and polar body(P.B.) formation at 12 hours after in vitro culture. The rates of G.B.B.D. were 87% in mature F.F. 68% in immature F.F. and 78% in Ham's F-10 medium respectively. And overall the mature F.F. seem to stimulate on in vitro oocyte maturation compared with either immature F.F. or Ham's F-10 medium. As the concentration of addition of E.G.F. in immature F.F., the rates of G.V.B.D. and P.B. formation were 82 %, 23% in addition with 2 ng/ml while 84%, 32% in addition with 4 ng/ml respectivly. And at the concentration of addition of E.G.F. in Ham's F-10 media as well, the rates of G.V.B.D. and P.B. formation were 84%, 40% and 82%, 44% in addition with each 2ng, 4ng. AccordinglY there was no influence on the oocytes maturation at the addition of E.G.F. to each immature F.F. and Ham's F-10 medium. In conclusion, the E.G.F. is not able to induce oocyte maturation independent of it's effects in immature F.F. and Ham's F-10 media.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2013

In this thesis, we consider isoparametric curves of quadratic F-B$\acute{e}$zier curves. F-B$\acute{e}$zier curves unify C-B$\acute{e}$zier curves whose basis is {sint, cos t, t, 1} and H-B$\acute{e}$zier curves whose basis is {sinht, cosh t, t,1}. Thus F-B$\acute{e}$zier curves are more useful in Geometric Modeling or CAGD(Computer Aided Geometric Design). We derive the relation between the quadratic F-B$\acute{e}$zier curves and the quadratic rational B$\acute{e}$zier curves. We also obtain the geometric properties of isoparametric curve of the quadratic F-B$\acute{e}$zier curves at both end points and prove the continuity of the isoparametric curve.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제13권
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• pp.329-346
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• 2000

The marine cargo insurance is mainly the insurance on foreign trade commodities. The sales contract stipulates as to which of the seller or the buyer should arrange the insurance. In other words, if the sales contract is made on the C.I.F. terms, the seller has to arrange the insurance, while, in the case of F.O.B. or C.F.R. terms, the buyer has to arrange it. The F.O.B. or C.F.R. terms means that the seller has to take out an insurance for himself until the cargo being loaded onboard the overseas vessel at the port of shipment in export country. But our country has not reasonable insurance to cover seller's risk, because it hasn't yet implemented the insurance. In respect of a cargo exported from Korea on F.O.B. or C.F.R. terms, the F.O.B. insurance covers comprehensively the inland transit and storage until the cargo being loaded onboard the overseas vessel at the port of shipment in Korea with a certain limitation of a insurance period. The goal of this study is to analyze the development propriety of F.O.B. Insurance. This could be done through analyzing the volume and analyzing the proportion of F.O.B. or C.F.R. terms for export. It is supposed that the potential demands of F.O.B. insurance are sufficient in our country for developing the F.O.B. insurance. At this point of time, the positive development of F.O.B. insurance for export is inevitable from the viewpoint of present situation of trading circles.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.99-117
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• 1998

Let $(B, H, p_1)$ be an abstract Wiener space and $F(B)$ the Fresnel class on $(B, H, p_1)$ which consists of functionals F of the form : $$ F(x) = \int_{H} exp{i(h,x)^\sim} df(h), x \in B, $$ where $(\cdot, \cdot)^\sim$ is a stochastic inner product between H and B, and f is in $M(H)$, the space of complex Borel measures on H. We introduce an $L_1$ analytic Fourier-Feynman transforms for functionls in $F(B)$. Furthermore, we introduce a convolution on $F(B)$, and then verify the existence of the $L_1$ analytic Fourier-Feynman transform for the convolution product of two functionals in $F(B)$, and we establish the relationships between the $L_1$ analytic Fourier-Feynman tranform of the convolution product for two functionals in $F(B)$ and the $L_1$ analytic Fourier-Feynman transforms for each functional. Finally, we show that most results in [7] follows from our results in Section 3.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.175-204
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• 1999

Today, the hotel industry in a whole are facing serious problems with a number of reasons. To overcome this situation, Customer-Oriented Marketing is considered to be a solution for the hotel F & B management, due to the potential of F & B department. The main purpose of this study was to present the Food and Beverage Marketing Mix Strategies suitable for the market characteristics. To achieve the purpose of this study, theoretical and empirical approaches were used. In review of theoritical background, basic concepts and characteristics of hotel F & B, hotel F & B marketing environment, and hotel F & B marketing mix were studied. Based on the theoritical studies and previous studies, F & B marketing mix sub-components were chosen. In this research, F & B 5P's and 1I marketing mix are discussed, they are Product, Price, Promotion, People, Physical evidence and Image. Through the survey, a number of important segment markets are emerged, which lead to essential segment markets ; business, conference and leisure market. F & B marketing mix strategies as follows. First, for the physical evidence mix, to build up the position as deluxe hotels, it is necessary to matte an investment in technical and decorative components. Second, for the people mix, to assure the service quality, the education and training programs for employee are required. Third, for the image mix, to ensure the image of hotel brand strength, the consideration for public area layout, restaurant and bar ambience, and green policy are required. Fourth, for the product and price mix, to differentiate the F & B, it is necessary to offer thorned and ethnic cuisine, and signature restaurants. Fifth, for the promotion mix, to attract more cumstomers, creative and various promotion activities, and long-term investment in customer-oriented marketing are required. There were some limitations in this study. That is, most of hotels don't operate the concrete and effective F & B marketing, have difficulty in getting data base for F & B customer. Despite their limitations, this study add some values to hotel F & B management in that it introduce the service marketing mix strategies to hotel F & B marketing.