• Title/Summary/Keyword: External Treatments

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A Clinical Analysis of Out-Patient with Skin Disease (한방안이비인후피부과에 내원한 피부질환 환자의 임상적 고찰)

  • Jung, A-Rum-Nu-Ri;Hong, Seung-Ug
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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    • v.20 no.2 s.33
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    • pp.151-160
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    • 2007
  • Objective : This study was performed to examine the patterns of skin disease in patients that had visited Dept. of Dermatology Hospital of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University. We also compared on disease, age and treatment. Methods : We analysed statistic study in 505 patients, who had visited to our hospital from July, 2005 to February, 2007. Results : The results were as follows; 1. Distribution of dermatology classification was 40.6%, males were 41 % and females were 59%. 2. Distribution of aging was 18.2% in 0-9 years old and 18.8% in 10-19 years old and 17.4% in 20-29 years old. 3. Common disease group were Atopic dermatitis (24.55%); Acne (10.89%); Eczema (10.89%); Urticaria (10.30%). 4. Distribution of treatment according to diagnosis were external preparation in atopic dermatitis, acne, eczema, dermatitis seborrheica ; herbal-medication in urticaria ; herbal-medication and external preparation in facial redness. 5. Distribution of treatment according to aging were external preparation in all group except 50-59 years old; acupuncture treatment in 20-29 years old; herbal-medication in 10-19 years old; consultation in 70-79 years old. Conclusion : This study suggests that oriental medical treatments is popular in dermatologic diseases, especially atopic dermatitis and acne. We have to take steps for effective management and treatment for special diseases and ages.

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An Experimental Study of the Anti-oxidant and the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Alum and Burnt Alum

  • Seo, Hyung-Sik
    • Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.11-14
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    • 2012
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Alum (AL) and Burnt Alum (BAL), which are commonly used as external ointments. Methods: Extracts of AL and BAL were classified into three groups: 20, 50, and $100mg/{\mu}{\ell}$. The cytotoxicity was measured by using MTT assays in human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). The anti-oxidant effect was measured by using the DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) radical scavenger. The anti-inflammatory effect was measured by using the inhibitory efficacy for the amount of nitric-oxide (NO) produced in mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). Results: BAL showed a higher level of cytotoxicity than AL. The AL groups showed a concentration-dependent scavenging effect on DPPH radicals, but no significant relevance was found. The BAL groups showed a concentration-dependent scavenging effect on DPPH radicals. The scavenging effects of the BAL groups were almost insignificant, but the values for the 20, 50, and $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ trials were different. The BAL groups showed significant concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on NO production, but the AL groups did not. Conclusions: AL showed an anti-oxidant effect more efficiently than BAL did, which demonstrated a superior anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, for external usage, AL must be distinguished from BAL.

Mechanical Behavior of Fruits under Compression Loading (과실의 압축특성에 관한 연구)

  • Hong J. H.;Kim C. S.;Kim J. Y.;Kim J. H.;Myung B. S.;Chung J. H.;Park J. W.
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.30 no.5 s.112
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    • pp.280-284
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    • 2005
  • Front the production on the farm to the consumer, agricultural products are subject to various physical treatments involving mechanical techniques and devices. It is essential to understand the physical laws governing the response of these biological materials so that the machines, processes, and handling operations can be designed fur maximum efficiency and the highest quality of the end products. A compression test system was developed to test the physical properties of fruits including apple, pear, and peach which may lead to a better understanding of the physical laws. The test system consisted of a digital storage oscilloscope and simple mechanism which can apply quasi-static compression to fresh fruits. Rupture force, energy, and deformation were measured at the five levels of compression speed from 1.25 to 62.5 mm/min for each internal and external tissues. Rupture forces for apple and pear were in the range of 42.2 to 46.2 N and 38.8 to 41.2 N for external and infernal tissues, respectively. Rupture forces fir peach external tissues were in the range of 48.2 to 54.0 N.

A Study on electrical and optical characteristics of single EEFL using different electrode materials (여러 가지 외부 전극층 재료를 사용한 형광램프의 전기적 및 광학적 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim Soo-Yong;Jee Suk-Kun;Lee Oh-Keol
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2006.05a
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    • pp.878-881
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    • 2006
  • In this paper, the luminance and resistance from different electrode materials of external electrode fluorescent lamp are measured and analyzed. New materials and process technology of external electrode are very important for the developed characteristics in lamp fabrication. In this experiments, three different types for the forming of external electrode are Cu and Al taping, silver paste, Ni and Cu electrode-less plating methods. In the measurements of luminance, the results of brightness by Ni and Au plating methods for the external electrode on lamp glass are presented and also compared with the results by the methods using different electrode materials. The measured resistance values of Ni and Au plating process showed a little bit higher than that of silver paste process in spite of developed results of brightness. But the Ni and Ni/Au plating processes are demonstrated best results and are also showed a little bit different brightness due to different previous sulfate etching treatments.

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A Review on the of External Ointment Treatment for Diabetic Foot Ulcer (당뇨병성 족부 궤양의 외용 연고 처치에 대한 고찰)

  • Jeong, Mi-rae;Heo, Eun-na;Kim, Chul-yun;Kwon, kang;Seo, Hyung-sik
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.66-94
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    • 2022
  • Objectives : Diabetic Foot Ulcer(DFU) is one of the common complications of diabetes. DFU is difficult to treat compared to other chronic wounds and clinically effective treatments are limited. The purpose of this study is to review the of external ointment treatment for DFU. Methods : 8 databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CNKI, NDSL, RISS, KISS, OASIS including English, Korean and Chinese were searched by structured search strategies that consist of terms as 'diabetic foot', 'diabetic foot ulcer(DFU)' and 'randomized' from January 2001 to January 2021. All randomized controlled trials(RCTs) involving treatment group as external ointment or in combination with conventional treatment were included. Results: A total of 20 RCTs was identified and analyzed. In treatment group, ointment was applied based on conventional treatment. A total of 16 different ointments were used, and the frequency of use was highest in the order of Heat-clearing drug, Blood-activating and stasis-dispelling drug, Tonifying and Replenishing drug and Orifice-opening drug. The most used herbs were in the order of Coptis chinensis Franch., Phellodendron chinense Schneid., Borneolum syntheticum., Angelica sinensis(Oliv.) Diels. In treatment group, a clinically effective effect was obtained compared to the contrast group. Conclusions : The result of this study suggest that external ointment treatment based on conventional treatment can be applied to DFU.

Research Trends of the Traditional Korean Medicine Treatment for Atopic Dermatitis -Based on the Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine- (아토피 피부염의 한의학적 치료에 대한 연구 동향 -대한한방소아과학회지를 중심으로-)

  • Jin, Qi Ying;Lee, Jin Yong
    • The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.25-42
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    • 2017
  • Objectives The goal of this review was to investigate clinical, experimental and literature studies of Korean medicine on atopic dermatitis (AD) of Korean children in Korean medicine literature, seeking for the better research methods for more effective treatments. Methods Electronic investigations were practiced on AKOP (The Association of Korean Oriental Pediatrics, http://www.akop.or.kr) to collect theses which were published by J Pediatr Korean Med. The key word 'Atopy' was used for searching to ensure that every related thesis was collected. The publication date was limited from 1996 to 2016. The selected literatures were assessed mainly according to distributions of study type, publication year, scale, treatment and its efficacy. Results 55 papers were selected from 59 studies. In these collected 55 related theses, there were 29 experimental studies (52.73%), 18 clinical studies (32.73%), 8 review studies (14.55%). In the 29 experimental studies, there were 20 studies (68.97%) using NC/Nga mouse as subjects. The mite antigen was used to trigger AD by 8 studies (27.59%). The studies have been utilizing DNCB and DNFB instead of mite antigen since 2011. All the experimental studies showed that the Korean medicine was effective in AD. In total 18 clinical studies, 3 studies (16.67%) were case reports, only 1 thesis (5.56%) was conducted by case control study and the rest were case series studies. 7 studies (38.89%) of 18 studies diagnosed AD according to Hanifin and Rajka's diagnostic criteria (1980), only 1 study (5.56%) according to the Korean standard and the rest 10 studies (55.56%) didn't mention diagnostic criteria. 12 clinical studies (66.67%) showed efficacy in treating AD. There were 10 studies (55.56%) only employing internal treatments and 1 thesis (5.56%) didn't mention the exact prescription. Naesowhajungtang-kamibang, Saenghyeoryunbue-um were used 3 times (16.67%) as the internal medicine respectively. 5 theses (27.78%) were combined with acupuncture therapy. Hegu (LI4), Sanyinjiao (SP6) were used in 4 theses, and Taichong (LR3), Quchi (LI11), Zusanli (ST36) in 3 theses. The number of acupoints chosen from The Spleen meridian of Foot-Taiyin was the largest. There were 8 review theses. 2 were about the foreign oriental medicine, 3 were about the external medicine or external treatment methods, and 3 other studies were about severity scoring systems, the methodological study in the latest clinical study, overview for pattern and results of herbal medicine-derived AD clinical researches. Conclusions The experimental studies and clinical studies showed the effectiveness of Korean medicine treatments. However, this study still needs improving by conducting more comparative studies and using better research methods, in order to find more effective treatments to improve clinical efficacy.

A Documentary Study on Herb, Dmgs used for Vitiligo -With an emphasis on classifying kinds, excess and weakness syndrome, the changes of medical methods and factors by each epoch mentioned in the relative documentary records (백반증(白斑症) 사용약물(使用藥物)에 대한 문헌적(文獻的) 고찰(考察) -관련문헌(關聯文獻)에 나타난 백반증(白斑症)의 상용약물(常用藥物) 종류(種類), 허실(虛實), 시대(時代), 원인별(原因別) 분류(分類)를 중심(中心)으로-)

  • Lee, Sun-Dong
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.16 no.2 s.30
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    • pp.44-61
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    • 1995
  • Arranging 63 kinds of separate volumes and papers published on Oriental medicine, I could get the result as follows. 1. The herbs for internal application used commonly in vitiligo are 155 kinds totally. The herbs for external application are 67 kinds. The herbs for external and internal both application examined into 23 sorts. 2. Herbs for weakness syndrome in vitiligo are 49 kinds. Another type, excess syndrome is 105 sorts, the'latter is roughly twice as many as the former. 3. It is as follows that the results of study in relations to kinds, factors, and medical treatments of herbs about vitiligo in and out of the country with the division of former times to 1900, 1901 to 1980, 1981 to 1990, and 1991 to the latest day. In comparative study of inner and outer of thc country about factors and medical treatments of vitiligo in chronicle classification, its factors in the internal documents are classified by outside factors. Although there arc the differences of factors by each epoch, however, the factors of vitiligo according to external documents are blood stasis(血熱), deficiency of um of the liver and kidneys(肝腎陰虛), deficiency of blood(血虛), excess of exhaustion(勞倦過多) etc. Moreover, the medical treatment is more diverse and the differences by each epoch as to the medical treatment is also put down more saliantiy than in internal documents. 4. In comparison with herbs in experimental and no experimental documents, herbs applied for weakness syndromes in experimental method are 40 kinds totally. The herbs in no experimental methods are 35 kinds. The herbs used by experimental method are 65 kinds. The common herbs for excess syndrome by no experimental method are 78 kinds. We can see comparable difference from kinds of herbs used by experimental method. In brief, there are the differences classified by each epoch in Oriental medicine for treatment. Especially one of the most important feature, the frequency in use of weakness syndrome herbs has increased more than that of excess syndrome herbs. In external documents (china) and experimental study, generally the differences of common herbs and factors have disappeared through many experimentsitudy. The classification of its factors have been fractionalized clinically. Besides, in Western medicine and Orienal medicine, vitiligo tends to be prescribed not to simple skin disease but a mental and physical disease, a whole body and an internal disease.

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A literature study on Bromidrosis (腋격의 病因.病機.治療에 對한 文獻的 考察)

  • Kim, Jong-sung;Kim, Kyung-joon
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.157-184
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    • 2000
  • Bromidrosis is a disease which is also called huchou[호격] in the oriental medicine. This disease produces an odor and a small amount of sweat from the axillary area. Prognosis of the disease could possibly get better with age. This can be explained by the fact that its symptoms begin usually when a person reaches puberty and as the person gets old, the symptoms reduce or disappear even when specific treatments are not applied. Although the disease is not lethal, many patients have difficulties in leading a normal and comfortable life, physically and psychologically with this in mind and some osbservations gained from the literature studies on the causes,symptoms, and treatments, I embarked on a study aimed at finding out the therapies. My study on the literature has produced the following results ; 1. In the oriental medicine, hu-chou[호격] means the characteric smell or odor produced from the fox. 2. The literature studies point out two causes in the oriental medicine. One is natural. The other is acquired. Acquired cases have the following causes: shi-re-nei-yun[濕熱內蘊]. xie-뱌-bu-huo[血氣不和], gan-qi-yu-jie[肝氣鬱結]. 3 There are two therapies in the oriental medicine. One is internal and the other external. out of the two, external therapies were mainly used according to the literature studies that I have consulted. 4. According to my study, the most frequently used herbal medicine was Alunitum(明 礬)(45 times), followed by Minium(密陀僧)(39 times) and Moschus(?香)(21 times respectively). 5. My study also found that bian-zheng[辨證] was not .rarely listed on old literatures. Therefore, old literatures did not clearly show how to root out the disease. They only taught now to alleviate the symptoms and remove the characteric odor.

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Review of Clinical Studies on Korean Medicine for Acne Scar (여드름 흉터의 한의학 치료에 대한 국내 임상 연구 동향)

  • Jea, Ha-Kyung;Hwang, Mi-Ri;Ahn, Jae-Hyun;Jung, Hyun-A
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.86-103
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    • 2018
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze various Korean medical treatments on acne scar and to propose better methods on clinical studies and effective treatments. Methods : Key word 'Acne Scar', published year '2010-2018' were searched on three domestic database systems (RISS, KISS, NDSL). Results : Among 9 studies, 8 studies were case reports and 1 study was comparative study. The treatment used in 9 studies were acupuncture(Subcision, Microneedle Therapy System, laser), pharmacopuncture, external application, dermabrasion, high frequency therapy. 7 out of 9 studies used more than 2 different treatments. The most popular treatment method was 'subcision', followed by 'MTS'. The most popular methods of assessment was QGASC. All studies using assessment methods measuring the severity of acne scar reported improvement, though only 1 study was proved to be statistically different. 1 study reported the side effect, and other 4 studies reported flushing, itching, pain. Conclusions : This study shows the effectiveness of Korean medical treatment on acne scar. It will be expected to use this various treatments and study methods for treating acne scar with Korean medicine, and conducting further clinical studies with higher credibility and reproducibility.

A Review of Clinical Studies for Chinese Medicine Treatment of Post-concussion Syndrome Using the CNKI Database (뇌진탕 후 증후군의 중의치료에 대한 임상연구 동향 - CNKI검색을 중심으로)

  • Park, Mi-so;Ju, Ah-ra;Choi, Yo-sup;Baek, Hye-kyung;Hwang, Bo-kyung;Shin, Dong-guk;Jang, Seung-won
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.42 no.6
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    • pp.1184-1198
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    • 2021
  • Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the latest clinical studies on Korean medicine treatment of post-concussion syndrome (PCS) in the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI). Methods: We searched the last 10 years of clinical studies discussing Oriental medicine-based treatments for PCS in the CNKI database. The search focused on the authors, publication year, type of study, purpose of the study, method and duration of treatment, evaluation criteria, and results of each article. Results: Of the 22 selected studies, 1 was a non-randomized controlled trial (nRCT), 2 were case series, and 19 were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Treatments included oral herbal medicine in 16 studies, oriental medicine through external use in 2 studies, acupuncture in 3 studies, and traditional Chinese medicine injection in 2 studies. The most frequently used herb was Cnidii Rhizoma (川芎). All 22 studies confirmed the efficacy of Oriental medicine treatments. Conclusion: More varied and scientifically designed clinical studies are required to develop treatments for PCS. The results of this study could be used as basic data for further PCS studies.